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JPH0452444B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0452444B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0452444B2
JPH0452444B2 JP58062763A JP6276383A JPH0452444B2 JP H0452444 B2 JPH0452444 B2 JP H0452444B2 JP 58062763 A JP58062763 A JP 58062763A JP 6276383 A JP6276383 A JP 6276383A JP H0452444 B2 JPH0452444 B2 JP H0452444B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crystal
modulation tube
manufacturing
spatial light
light modulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58062763A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59189542A (en
Inventor
Tsutomu Hara
Kazunori Shinoda
Yoshiharu Ooi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hamamatsu Photonics KK
Original Assignee
Hamamatsu Photonics KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamamatsu Photonics KK filed Critical Hamamatsu Photonics KK
Priority to JP6276383A priority Critical patent/JPS59189542A/en
Publication of JPS59189542A publication Critical patent/JPS59189542A/en
Publication of JPH0452444B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0452444B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/50Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output

Landscapes

  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(技術分野の説明) 本発明は、真空容器中に形成した電子源と電気
光学結晶を配置し、電子源から放出される電子を
前記結晶表面に蓄積し、前記結晶に前記蓄積電荷
に対応する屈折率の変化を生ぜしめ、その屈折率
変化をレーザで読み出す空間光変調管に関する。 (従来技術の説明) まず空間光変調管の基本的な動作と、製造方法
を簡単に説明して、問題に言及する。 第1図は空間光変調管を示す概略図である。空
間光変調管のガラス容器3の内面の光電面4にイ
ンコヒーレント光で照明された入力パターン1か
らの像がレンズ2を介して入射させられる。光電
面4は入射像に対応した光電子放出する。その光
電子は集束レンズ系5を介してマイクロチヤンネ
ルプレート6に入射させられ、数千倍に増倍され
る。前記増倍された電子は、LiNbO3などの電気
光学結晶8の表面に蓄積され、結晶8の屈折率を
電荷像に対応して変化させる。レーザ光源10か
らのレーザ光をハーフミラー9を介して結晶8に
照射すると、レーザ光の像11(コヒーレント
像)が得られる。このレーザ光の像11はコヒー
レント並列光演算を行うことができる。 なお図中7は2次電子捕修電極である。 前述のような空間光変調管を作る時は通常ガラ
ス容器3中に電極5,6,7,8等を組み込んだ
後に光電面4を作成する。このとき、容器を10
−7トール程度の高真空にすると共に350℃位の高
温に加熱して、容器中の不要なガスを追い出す必
要がある。 前記ガス抜きの工程は不可欠であるが、この工
程により前記結晶8の特性が損なわれる虞があ
る。前記工程を経た結晶8の表面抵抗を測定した
ところ、抵抗が低下し、電荷蓄積面の蓄積特性が
劣化させられていることを見い出した。これは、
結晶8の表面が高真空・高温下に置かれるので、 LiNbO3結晶8の表面からO2または Li2Oが抜け、結晶欠陥が生じたためであろう
と考えられる。 (発明の目的の説明) 本発明の目的は前述した問題を解決し、より良
い像蓄積特性が得られる空間光変調管の製造方法
を提供することにある。 (発明の構成、作用の説明) 前記目的を達成するために、本発明による空間
光変調管の製造方法は、真空容器中に形成された
電子源と、電子源から放出された電子を表面に蓄
積し、光学的変化を生ずる酸化物の電気光学結晶
から成る空間変調管の製造方法において、 前記空間変調管の製造中の真空容器中の排ガス
工程、前記電子源の活性工程で前記真空容器を加
熱するさいに、 前記電気光学結晶表面の電気抵抗の低下による
劣化を防止する保護層としてSiO2,ZrO2
CeO2,Al2O3の群から選ばれた誘電体物質の層を
前記工程前に前記結晶表面に設けて構成されてい
る。 前記構成によれば、前記目的は完全に達成でき
る。 (実施例の説明) 本発明による空間光変調管の製造方法により製
造される空間光変調管の実施例装置の基本的構成
および動作は、先に第1図に関連して説明したと
ころと異ならない。 本発明では前記光学結晶8の表面を保護するた
めに結晶8の表面に高真空、高温で安定な誘電体
層を形成した。第2図は光学結晶8の実施例を示
す拡大断面図である。 図において8aは、LiNbO3光学結晶8の読み
出し側に形成された透明導電層であつて、8bが
以下述べる工程で形成される誘電体層である。 前記誘電体層8bのコーテイングはAr+O2(10
%)雰囲気中で高周波スパツタ法により4つの光
学結晶8の前面にSiO2,CeO2,ZrO2,Al2O3
それぞれ2000Å程度に形成した。そしてそれぞれ
の性能を比較するためにこのそれぞれの表面およ
び全く蒸着を行わない従来の結晶の表面に10mm程
度の間隔をおいて電極を形成し、10-7トールの高
真空中で加熱して前記電極間の抵抗の変化を測定
した。その結果を第1表に示す。
(Description of the technical field) The present invention arranges an electron source formed in a vacuum container and an electro-optic crystal, accumulates electrons emitted from the electron source on the surface of the crystal, and charges the crystal corresponding to the accumulated charge. The present invention relates to a spatial light modulation tube that causes a change in refractive index and reads out the change in refractive index using a laser. (Description of Prior Art) First, the basic operation and manufacturing method of the spatial light modulation tube will be briefly explained, and the problems will be mentioned. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a spatial light modulation tube. An image from an input pattern 1 illuminated with incoherent light is made incident through a lens 2 onto a photocathode 4 on the inner surface of a glass container 3 of a spatial light modulation tube. The photocathode 4 emits photoelectrons corresponding to the incident image. The photoelectrons are made incident on the microchannel plate 6 via the focusing lens system 5, and are multiplied several thousand times. The multiplied electrons are accumulated on the surface of an electro-optic crystal 8 such as LiNbO 3 and change the refractive index of the crystal 8 in accordance with the charge image. When the crystal 8 is irradiated with laser light from the laser light source 10 via the half mirror 9, a laser light image 11 (coherent image) is obtained. This laser beam image 11 can be used to perform coherent parallel optical calculations. Note that 7 in the figure is a secondary electron trapping electrode. When making a spatial light modulation tube as described above, the photocathode 4 is usually made after the electrodes 5, 6, 7, 8, etc. are assembled in the glass container 3. At this time, the container is
It is necessary to create a high vacuum of about -7 Torr and heat it to a high temperature of about 350°C to expel unnecessary gas from the container. Although the degassing step is essential, there is a risk that the properties of the crystal 8 may be impaired by this step. When the surface resistance of the crystal 8 subjected to the above process was measured, it was found that the resistance decreased and the storage characteristics of the charge storage surface were deteriorated. this is,
This is thought to be due to the fact that O 2 or Li 2 O was removed from the surface of the LiNbO 3 crystal 8 and crystal defects were generated because the surface of the crystal 8 was placed under high vacuum and high temperature. (Description of Objects of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a method for manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube that provides better image storage characteristics. (Description of structure and operation of the invention) In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube according to the present invention includes an electron source formed in a vacuum container and electrons emitted from the electron source on the surface. A method for manufacturing a spatial modulation tube made of an oxide electro-optic crystal that accumulates and produces an optical change, wherein the vacuum chamber is removed during an exhaust gas step in the vacuum container during manufacturing of the space modulation tube, and in an activation step of the electron source. During heating, SiO 2 , ZrO 2 ,
A layer of a dielectric material selected from the group of CeO 2 and Al 2 O 3 is provided on the surface of the crystal before the step. According to the configuration, the objective can be completely achieved. (Description of Embodiments) The basic configuration and operation of the embodiment apparatus of the spatial light modulation tube manufactured by the method of manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube according to the present invention are different from those described above with reference to FIG. It won't happen. In the present invention, in order to protect the surface of the optical crystal 8, a dielectric layer that is stable under high vacuum and high temperature is formed on the surface of the optical crystal 8. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing an embodiment of the optical crystal 8. FIG. In the figure, 8a is a transparent conductive layer formed on the readout side of the LiNbO 3 optical crystal 8, and 8b is a dielectric layer formed in the process described below. The coating of the dielectric layer 8b is Ar+O 2 (10
%) SiO 2 , CeO 2 , ZrO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 each having a thickness of about 2000 Å were formed on the front surface of the four optical crystals 8 by high-frequency sputtering in an atmosphere. Then, in order to compare the performance of each, electrodes were formed at intervals of about 10 mm on each surface and on the surface of a conventional crystal without any vapor deposition, and heated in a high vacuum of 10 -7 Torr. The change in resistance between the electrodes was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】 この比較実験から明らかなように、LiNbO3
まま用いる従来の光学結晶よりもSiO2,CeO2
ZrO2,Al2O3をコーテイングした結晶の方が表面
抵抗の劣化が少ない。 以上の実験の結果を利用して、実施例では、 LiNbO3単結晶板片面にAr+O2(10%)の雰囲
気中で高周波スパツタ法で、SiO2膜を2000Åの
厚さに形成して、8b層を形成した。続いて、結
晶のもう1つの面には、 In(1-X)SnxO3をAr雰囲気中で同様に蒸着して、
透明電極8aを形成した。この結晶8を用いて第
1図のような空間光変調管を作成して実際に動作
させた。 その結果電荷像を数10時間以上蓄積することが
できた。 なお、本発明は第1図に示す光電面を用いない
場合、例えばマイクロチヤンネルプレートが紫外
光に感度を持つことを利用して、マイクロチヤン
ネルプレートと電気光学結晶だけの、空間光変調
管にも適用できる。この型式の空間光変調管でも
マイクロチヤンネルプレートのガス抜き時に結晶
8は高真空・高温下に置かれるからである。 その意味でマイクロチヤンネルプレートは、本
発明において、光電面の一種であると理解される
べきである。 上記実施例では、電子源として光電面の場合を
示したが、電子銃を電子源として書込みを行う形
式の場合も、本発明は同様に適用できる。 また、低屈折率物質(SiO2)と高屈折率物質
(CeO2)を交互にλ/(4・n)(λは読み出し
レーザ光の波長、nは物質の屈折率)の厚さに10
層程度コーテイングすることにより、読み出し光
を反射するミラーとして働かせることも可能であ
る。 (発明の効果) 以上説明したように本発明による空間光変調管
の製造方法では、電気光学結晶の表面に前述の誘
電体層を形成し表面抵抗の劣化を防止するように
構成されている。 したがつて従来の空間光変調管に比較して、よ
り長時間の電荷像の蓄積ができる。したがつて、
本発明方法による空間光変調管では、結晶表面で
の画像演算(加減、論理演算)が可能となり、新
しい分野でのより広い応用が期待できる。
[Table] As is clear from this comparative experiment, SiO 2 , CeO 2 ,
Crystals coated with ZrO 2 and Al 2 O 3 have less deterioration in surface resistance. Using the results of the above experiments, in this example, a SiO 2 film was formed to a thickness of 2000 Å on one side of a LiNbO 3 single crystal plate in an atmosphere of Ar + O 2 (10%) to a thickness of 2000 Å. formed a layer. Next, In (1-X) SnxO 3 was similarly deposited on the other side of the crystal in an Ar atmosphere.
A transparent electrode 8a was formed. Using this crystal 8, a spatial light modulation tube as shown in FIG. 1 was created and actually operated. As a result, we were able to accumulate charge images for more than several tens of hours. Note that the present invention can also be applied to a spatial light modulation tube using only a microchannel plate and an electro-optic crystal, by taking advantage of the fact that the microchannel plate is sensitive to ultraviolet light, for example, when the photocathode shown in FIG. 1 is not used. Applicable. This is because even in this type of spatial light modulation tube, the crystal 8 is placed under high vacuum and high temperature when degassing the microchannel plate. In this sense, the microchannel plate should be understood as a type of photocathode in the present invention. In the above embodiment, a photocathode is used as the electron source, but the present invention can be similarly applied to a type of writing using an electron gun as the electron source. In addition, a low refractive index material (SiO 2 ) and a high refractive index material (CeO 2 ) were alternately coated to a thickness of λ/(4・n) (λ is the wavelength of the readout laser beam and n is the refractive index of the material).
By applying a layered coating, it is also possible to make it work as a mirror that reflects readout light. (Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the method for manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube according to the present invention is configured to form the aforementioned dielectric layer on the surface of the electro-optic crystal to prevent deterioration of surface resistance. Therefore, compared to conventional spatial light modulation tubes, charge images can be accumulated for a longer period of time. Therefore,
The spatial light modulation tube according to the method of the present invention enables image operations (addition, subtraction, logical operations) on the crystal surface, and is expected to find wider application in new fields.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明方法による空間光変調管の基本
的構成を示す略図である。第2図は本発明方法に
よる空間光変調管で使用する電気光学結晶の部分
拡大断面図である。 1……入力パターン、2……レンズ、3……ガ
ラス容器、4……光電面、5……集束(電子)レ
ンズ系、6……マイクロチヤンネルプレート、7
……2次電子捕集電極、8……電気光学結晶、8
a……透明電極、8b……誘電体層、11……レ
ーザ光の像。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a spatial light modulation tube according to the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of an electro-optic crystal used in a spatial light modulation tube according to the method of the present invention. 1... Input pattern, 2... Lens, 3... Glass container, 4... Photocathode, 5... Focusing (electronic) lens system, 6... Microchannel plate, 7
...Secondary electron collecting electrode, 8...Electro-optic crystal, 8
a... Transparent electrode, 8b... Dielectric layer, 11... Laser light image.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 真空容器中に形成された電子源と、 電子源から放出された電子を表面に蓄積し、光
学的変化を生ずる酸化物の電気光学結晶から成る
空間変調管の製造方法において、 前記空間変調管の製造中の真空容器中の排ガス
工程、前記電子源の活性工程で前記真空容器を加
熱するさいに、 前記電気光学結晶表面の電気抵抗の低下による
劣化を防止する保護層としてSiO2,ZrO2
CeO2,AI2O3の群から選ばれた誘電体物質の層
を前記工程前に前記結晶表面に設けて構成したこ
とを特徴とする空間光変調管の製造方法。 2 前記電気光学結晶はLiNbO3であつて、前記
保護層はSiO2の層とZrO2,CeO2,Al2O3の群か
ら選ばれた誘電体物質の層よりなる多層コーテイ
ングである特許請求の範囲第1項記載の空間光変
調管の製造方法。
[Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a spatial modulation tube comprising an electron source formed in a vacuum container, and an oxide electro-optic crystal that accumulates electrons emitted from the electron source on its surface to produce an optical change. A protective layer for preventing deterioration of the surface of the electro-optic crystal due to a decrease in electrical resistance when the vacuum container is heated during the exhaust gas process in the vacuum container during manufacturing of the space modulation tube and during the activation process of the electron source. As SiO 2 , ZrO 2 ,
A method for manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube, characterized in that a layer of a dielectric material selected from the group of CeO 2 and AI 2 O 3 is provided on the surface of the crystal before the step. 2. The electro-optic crystal is LiNbO 3 and the protective layer is a multilayer coating consisting of a layer of SiO 2 and a layer of dielectric material selected from the group of ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , Al 2 O 3 A method for manufacturing a spatial light modulation tube according to item 1.
JP6276383A 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Space optical modulation tube Granted JPS59189542A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6276383A JPS59189542A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Space optical modulation tube

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6276383A JPS59189542A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Space optical modulation tube

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59189542A JPS59189542A (en) 1984-10-27
JPH0452444B2 true JPH0452444B2 (en) 1992-08-21

Family

ID=13209748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6276383A Granted JPS59189542A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Space optical modulation tube

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59189542A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6243045A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-25 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Space optical modulator tube having writing device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51140746A (en) * 1975-05-30 1976-12-03 Nec Corp Optical element for surface destruction-proof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59189542A (en) 1984-10-27

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