JPH0548065B2

JPH0548065B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0548065B2
Application number: JP59173384A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Ikuo Hata; Satoshi Uchimoto; Tsuyoshi Konishi
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1984-08-22
Filing date: 1984-08-22
Publication date: 1993-07-20
Also published as: JPS6152145A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】産業上の利用分野本発明は、整流子を有する整流子機例えば整流
子発電機や電気掃除機、電動工具などに用いられ
る整流子電動機に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a commutator motor having a commutator, such as a commutator generator, a vacuum cleaner, a power tool, etc.

従来例の構成とその問題点従来より整流子電動機や整流子発電機は、機器
寿命がブラシ寿命によつて制限されるという欠点
をもつため、一定期間内にブラシ交換が必要であ
り、ブラシの長寿命化が望まれている。Conventional configurations and their problems Traditionally, commutator motors and commutator generators have the disadvantage that the equipment life is limited by the brush life, so the brushes must be replaced within a certain period of time, and the brush Longer life is desired.

第２図は、従来の整流子電動機の電機子コイル
の巻装状態の一部を示す。ただし、整流子片数が
２４、回転鉄心のスロツト数が１２の場合であ
る。 FIG. 2 shows a part of the winding state of the armature coil of a conventional commutator motor. However, this is the case where the number of commutator pieces is 24 and the number of slots in the rotating iron core is 12.

第２図において、１は回転鉄心である。２は前
記回転鉄心１に設けられたスロツトであり、２−
１，２−２，……，２−６，……，２−１２はス
ロツト番号を表わす。前記回転鉄心１に設けられ
たスロツト２の中には、電機子巻線３が装着され
る。４は整流子であり、４−１，４−２，……，
４−２４は整流子片の番号を表わす。５はブラシ
である。 In FIG. 2, 1 is a rotating iron core. 2 is a slot provided in the rotating iron core 1, and 2-
1, 2-2, . . . , 2-6, . . . , 2-12 represent slot numbers. An armature winding 3 is installed in a slot 2 provided in the rotating iron core 1. 4 is a commutator, 4-1, 4-2,...,
4-24 represents the number of commutator pieces. 5 is a brush.

電機子巻線３は、コイル３−１とコイル３−２
を含む。コイル３−１は、スロツト２−１及び同
２−６内に巻装され、始端が整流子片４−１に接
続し、終端は整流子片４−２に接続する。コイル
３−２は、その始端がコイル３−１の終端に接続
し、コイル３−１が巻装されたスロツト２−１及
び同２−６内に巻装され、その終端は整流子片４
−２の隣りの整流子片４−３に接続する。このよ
うにして、コイル３−１及び同３−２が電機子巻
線３を形成する。同様に、電機子巻線６はスロツ
ト２−２及び同２−７に巻装されたコイル６−１
及び同６−２からなる。以下同様に、回転鉄心１
のスロツト２に全周にわたり12個の電機子巻線が
巻装され、それらが全体として電機子コイルを構
成する。Ｐは、電機子の回転方向を示す。また、
ブラシ５の図示位置は、電機子巻線３を構成する
１つのコイル３−１が整流を完了する寸前に対応
し、この状態でブラシ５は、少なくとも回転方向
後位のコイル３−２を短絡している。 The armature winding 3 includes a coil 3-1 and a coil 3-2.
including. The coil 3-1 is wound within the slots 2-1 and 2-6, and its starting end is connected to the commutator piece 4-1, and its terminal end is connected to the commutator piece 4-2. The coil 3-2 has its starting end connected to the terminal end of the coil 3-1, is wound in the slot 2-1 and slot 2-6 in which the coil 3-1 is wound, and its terminal end is connected to the commutator piece 4.
Connect to the commutator piece 4-3 next to -2. In this way, the coils 3-1 and 3-2 form the armature winding 3. Similarly, the armature winding 6 is connected to the coils 6-1 wound in the slots 2-2 and 2-7.
and 6-2. Similarly, rotating iron core 1
Twelve armature windings are wound around the entire circumference of the slot 2, and these constitute the armature coil as a whole. P indicates the direction of rotation of the armature. Also,
The illustrated position of the brush 5 corresponds to one coil 3-1 constituting the armature winding 3 just before completing commutation, and in this state, the brush 5 short-circuits at least the rear coil 3-2 in the rotational direction. are doing.

以上のように、構成された整流子電動機におい
て、回転方向単位のコイル３−１が整流を終る時
点では、ブラシ５で短絡された同一スロツト内の
コイル３−２との変圧器作用による火花抑制効果
により、火花発生が小さい。しかし回転方向後位
のコイル３−２が整流を終る時点では、同一スロ
ツト内ではブラシ５で短絡されたコイルが存在せ
ず、回転方向後位のスロツト２−２内に巻装され
た電機子巻線６の回転方向前位のコイル６−１と
の相互インダクタンスのみに頼るため、火花抑制
効果が少なくなるブラツクバー現象が発生してい
た。また、整流子発電機においても同様の現象が
発生していた。 As described above, in the commutator motor configured, at the time when the coil 3-1 in the rotation direction completes commutation, sparks are suppressed by the transformer action with the coil 3-2 in the same slot, which is short-circuited by the brush 5. Due to the effect, spark generation is small. However, at the time when the coil 3-2 at the rear in the rotational direction finishes commutation, there is no coil short-circuited by the brush 5 in the same slot, and the armature wound in the slot 2-2 at the rear in the rotational direction does not exist. Since the winding 6 relies only on the mutual inductance with the coil 6-1 at the front in the rotational direction, a black bar phenomenon occurs in which the spark suppression effect is reduced. A similar phenomenon also occurred in commutator generators.

発明の目的本発明は、上記の欠点に鑑み、火花抑制効果を
大きくすることによりブラシ寿命の向上を図り、
機器自体の寿命向上をも図つた整流子機を提供す
ることを目的とする。Purpose of the Invention In view of the above drawbacks, the present invention aims to improve the brush life by increasing the spark suppression effect.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a commutator machine that also extends the life of the device itself.

発明の構成この目的を達成するために、本発明の整流子機
は、１対のスロツトに巻装されたコイルと、前記
１対のスロツトを含む２対のスロツトに巻装され
たコイルとからなる電機子巻線を順次接続して電
機子コイルを構成し、もつて、変圧器作用の効果
を向上させてブラシ寿命の向上を図り、機器自体
の高寿命化を図る。Composition of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the commutator machine of the present invention includes a coil wound around a pair of slots and a coil wound around two pairs of slots including the pair of slots. The armature coil is constructed by sequentially connecting the armature windings, thereby improving the effect of the transformer action and extending the life of the brush, thereby extending the life of the device itself.

実施例の説明以下本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照し
て説明する。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図は、本発明の実施例における整流子電動
機のコイルの巻装状態の一部を示すものであり、
整流子片の数が２４、回転鉄心のスロツト数が１
２の場合である。第１図において、１１は回転鉄
心である。１２は、前記回転鉄心１１に設けられ
たスロツトであり１２−１，１２−２，……，１
２−６，……１２−１２、スロツト番号を表わ
す。前記回転鉄心１１に設けられたスロツト１２
の中には、順次、電機子巻線が装着され、第１図
には、巻線１３，１６を例示した。１４は整流子
であり１４−１，１４−２，……，１４−２４、
整流子片の番号を表わす。１５はブラシである。 FIG. 1 shows a part of the winding state of the coil of a commutator motor in an embodiment of the present invention.
The number of commutator pieces is 24, and the number of slots in the rotating iron core is 1.
This is case 2. In FIG. 1, 11 is a rotating iron core. 12 is a slot provided in the rotating iron core 11, and 12-1, 12-2, . . . , 1
2-6, . . . 12-12 represent slot numbers. Slot 12 provided in the rotating iron core 11
Armature windings are sequentially installed in the windings, and windings 13 and 16 are illustrated in FIG. 14 is a commutator, 14-1, 14-2, ..., 14-24,
Represents the commutator segment number. 15 is a brush.

電機子巻線１３は、コイル１３−１とコイル１
３−２からなる。コイル１３−１は始端が整流子
片１４−１に接続し、スロツト１２−１及び同１
２−６内に巻装され、終端が整流子片１４−２に
接続する。コイル１３−２は、その始端がコイル
１３−１の終端に接続し、前述とコイル１３−１
が巻装されたスロツト１２−１及び同１２−６内
とこれらに隣接するスロツト１２−２及び同１２
−７内の２対のスロツト内に巻装され、終端は、
整流子片１４−３に接続する。同様に、電機子巻
線１６は、スロツト１２−２及び同１２−７に巻
装されたコイル１６−１と、スロツト１２−２及
び１２−７並びにスロツト１２−３及び同び１２
−８に巻装されたコイル１６−２により構成され
ている。以下同様に、回転鉄心１のスロツト１２
の全周にわたり巻装した12個の電機子巻線が電機
子コイルを構成している。 The armature winding 13 includes a coil 13-1 and a coil 1.
It consists of 3-2. The coil 13-1 has a starting end connected to the commutator piece 14-1, and a slot 12-1 and a commutator piece 14-1.
2-6, and the terminal end is connected to the commutator piece 14-2. The starting end of the coil 13-2 is connected to the terminal end of the coil 13-1, and the coil 13-2 has a starting end connected to the terminal end of the coil 13-1.
In the slots 12-1 and 12-6 in which the
It is wound in two pairs of slots in -7, and the end is
Connect to commutator piece 14-3. Similarly, the armature winding 16 includes a coil 16-1 wound in the slots 12-2 and 12-7, and a coil 16-1 wound in the slots 12-2 and 12-7, and a coil 16-1 wound in the slots 12-2 and 12-7,
-8 is constituted by a coil 16-2 wound around the coil 16-2. Similarly, the slot 12 of the rotating iron core 1
The armature coil consists of 12 armature windings wrapped around the entire circumference of the armature.

Ｐは、電動子の回転方向を示す。またブラシ１
５の図示位置は、電機子巻線１３を構成する１つ
のコイル１３−１が整流を完了する寸前に対応
し、この状態でブラシ１５は、少なくとも、回転
方向後位のコイル１３−２を短絡している。 P indicates the direction of rotation of the armature. Also brush 1
The illustrated position 5 corresponds to one coil 13-1 constituting the armature winding 13 on the verge of completing commutation, and in this state the brush 15 at least short-circuits the rear coil 13-2 in the rotational direction. are doing.

以上のように構成された本発明の整流子電動機
において、回転方向前位のコイル１３−１が整流
を終る時点では、ブラシ１５で短絡された同一ス
ロツト内のコイル１３−２との変圧器作用による
火花抑制効果により、火花発生が小さい。また回
転方向後位のコイル１３−２が整流が終る時点で
は、回転方向後位の次のコイル１６−１との変圧
器作用により火花抑制効果により、火災発生が小
さく、ブラツクバー現象を抑制することができ
る。 In the commutator motor of the present invention configured as described above, when the coil 13-1 at the front in the rotational direction finishes commutation, the coil 13-1 in the same slot, which is short-circuited by the brush 15, acts as a transformer. Due to the spark suppression effect, spark generation is small. Furthermore, at the time when the rectification of the coil 13-2 at the rear in the rotational direction ends, the spark suppressing effect due to the transformer action with the next coil 16-1 at the rear in the rotational direction reduces the occurrence of fire and suppresses the black bar phenomenon. I can do it.

以上のように、本実施例によれば、回転鉄心の
スロツト数の整数倍の整流子片を備え、回転鉄心
の１対のスロツトに巻装されたコイルと前記１対
のスロツトを含む２対のスロツトに巻装されたコ
イルとからなる電機子巻線によつて電機子コイル
を構成しているので、整流が改善され、ブラツク
バー現象も抑制され、ブラシ寿命の向上を図るこ
とができる。ひいては、電動機寿命も向上するこ
とになる。500W級の交流整流子電動機にて検討
した結果、ブラシ寿命を1.3倍に延ばすことがで
きることは確認した。 As described above, according to this embodiment, the rotary core is provided with commutator pieces whose number is an integral multiple of the number of slots, and the rotary core has two pairs of coils wound around a pair of slots and a coil wound around the pair of slots of the rotary core. Since the armature coil is constituted by the armature winding made of the coil wound in the slot of the brush, rectification is improved, the black bar phenomenon is suppressed, and the life of the brush can be improved. As a result, the life of the motor will also be improved. After examining a 500W class AC commutator motor, we confirmed that the brush life can be extended by 1.3 times.

なお、本実施例では、整流子片が24個で回転鉄
心のスロツト数が１２ある場合について説明した
が、本発明にとつては、整流子片数が、回転鉄心
スロツト数の２倍以上の整数倍であればよい。整
流子発電機においても同様である。 In this embodiment, the case where there are 24 commutator pieces and 12 slots in the rotary core is explained, but for the present invention, the number of commutator pieces is more than twice the number of slots in the rotary core. It only needs to be an integer multiple. The same applies to commutator generators.

また上記説明した実施例では、回転方向前位に
あるコイルを１対のスロツトに巻装し、回転方向
後位にあるコイルを２対のスロツトに巻装した
が、回転方向前位にあるコイルを、より前位の発
機子コイルの後位コイルの巻装されるスロツトを
含む２対のスロツトに巻装し、回転方向後位のコ
イルを１対のスロツトに巻装してもよいことは言
うまでもない。 Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the coil located at the front in the rotational direction is wound in one pair of slots, and the coil located at the rear in the rotational direction is wound in two pairs of slots. may be wound in two pairs of slots, including the slot in which the rear coil of the more forward generator coil is wound, and the coil at the rear in the rotational direction may be wound in one pair of slots. Needless to say.

発明の効果以上のように本発明は、ブラシ寿命の向上を図
り、機器自体の高寿命化を図ることができ、その
実用的効果は大なるものがある。Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention can improve the life of the brush and extend the life of the device itself, and has great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は、本発明の一実施例を示す整流子電動
機の電機子コイルの巻線配置を示す結線図であ
り、第２図は、従来の整流子電動機の電機子コイ
ルの巻線配置を示す結線図である。１，１１……回転鉄心、２，１２……スロツ
ト、３，６，１３，１６……コイル、４，１４…
…整流子、５，１５……ブラシ。 FIG. 1 is a wiring diagram showing the winding arrangement of the armature coil of a commutator motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram showing the winding arrangement of the armature coil of a conventional commutator motor. FIG. 1, 11... Rotating core, 2, 12... Slot, 3, 6, 13, 16... Coil, 4, 14...
...Commutator, 5,15...Brush.

Claims

[Scope of Claims] 1. An armature winding comprising commutator pieces having an integral multiple of twice or more the number of rotating iron core slots, and having one terminal end of two coils connected to the starting end of the other coil, connected in sequence. A commutator machine that constitutes an armature coil, wherein a first coil of the armature winding is wound around a pair of slots, and a second coil is connected between the pair of slots and an adjacent electric machine. A commutator machine characterized in that one coil of the child winding is wound in a pair of slots, and the other coil is wound in two pairs of slots. 2. The second coil is located rearward of the first coil with respect to the rotational direction of the armature, and
Claims characterized in that one of the two pairs of slots around which the coils are wound is a pair of slots around which the first coil of the rear armature winding in the rotational direction is wound. Commutator machine according to paragraph 1. 3. The second coil is located forward of the first coil with respect to the rotational direction of the armature, and
Claims characterized in that one of the two pairs of slots around which the coils are wound is the pair of slots around which the first coil of the armature winding at the front in the rotational direction is wound. Commutator machine according to paragraph 1.