JPH0624419B2 - Commutator motor - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a commutator motor having a commutator, for example, a commutator motor used for vacuum cleaners, electric tools, and the like.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a commutator motor having a commutator has a drawback that the device life is limited by the brush life.
It is necessary to replace the brush within a certain period, and it is desired to extend the life of the brush.

FIG. 3 shows a part of a winding state of an armature coil of a conventional commutator motor. However, this is the case where the number of commutator pieces is 24 and the number of slots in the rotary iron core is 12.

In FIG. 3, 1 is a rotary iron core. Reference numeral 2 is a slot provided in the rotary core 1, and the slots 2-1, 2-2 ...
..., 2-6 ... 2-12 indicates a slot number. The armature winding 3 is mounted in the slot 2 provided in the rotary iron core 1. Reference numeral 4 is a commutator, which is 4-1 ...
... 4-24 represents the number of a commutator piece, and 5 is a brush.

The armature winding 3 includes coils 3-1 and 3-2. The coil 3-1 is wound in the slots 2-1 and 2-6, and has a start end connected to the commutator piece 4-1 and an end connected to the commutator piece 4-2. The start end of the coil 3-2 is connected to the end of the coil 3-1 and the slot 2-1 around which the coil 3-1 is wound.
And the same 2-6, and its end is a commutator piece 4-2.
Connected to the commutator piece 4-3 next to. Coil 3 like this
-1 and 3-2 form the armature winding 3. Similarly,
The armature winding 6 is composed of coils 6-1 and 6-2 wound around the slots 2-2 and 2-7. Similarly, twelve armature windings are similarly wound around the slot 2 of the rotary iron core 1 over the entire circumference, and the armature windings collectively constitute the armature coils. P indicates the rotation direction of the armature. Further, the illustrated position of the brush 5 is one coil 3-1 forming the armature winding 3.
Corresponds to the point where the rectification is almost completed, and in this state, the brush 5 short-circuits at least the coil 3-2 at the rear in the rotational direction.

A indicates the center of the armature winding 3. 7 is a field pole, B
Indicates the center of the field pole 7.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The angle deviation between the center A of the armature winding 3 and the center B of the field pole 7, that is, the extraction angle C is arranged to be 15 °.

In the commutator motor configured as described above, at the time when the coil 3-1 in the front in the rotation direction finishes commutation, spark suppression by the transformer action with the coil 3-2 in the same slot short-circuited by the brush 5 is suppressed. Sparks are small due to the effect.
However, at the time when the coil 3-2 at the rear in the rotation direction finishes commutation, there is no coil shorted by the brush 5 in the same slot, and the electric machine wound in the slot 2-2 at the rear in the rotation direction is present. Since only the mutual inductance between the child winding 6 and the coil 6-1 in the front in the rotation direction is relied upon, the spark suppressing effect is small and the black bar phenomenon occurs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object thereof is to provide a commutator motor in which the life of the brush itself is improved by increasing the spark suppressing effect and the life of the device itself is also improved.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the commutator motor of the present invention comprises:
An armature coil is configured by sequentially connecting armature windings each including a coil wound around a pair of slots and a coil wound around two pairs of slots including the pair of slots. The winding angle and the center of the field pole are arranged so that the widening angle, which is a deviation, is 10 ° to 30 °.

Action According to the above configuration, at the time when the coil in the front in the rotation direction finishes the rectification, the spark generation is small due to the spark suppressing effect by the transformer action with the other coil in the same slot short-circuited by the brush. In addition, at the time when the rectification of the next coil in the rear direction in the rotation direction ends, the spark suppression effect by the transformer action with the next coil in the front direction in the rotation causes less spark generation, and the black bar phenomenon can be suppressed.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a part of a winding state of a coil of a commutator motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the number of commutator pieces is 24 and the number of slots of a rotary iron core is 12. First
In the figure, 11 is a rotary iron core. Reference numeral 12 is a slot provided in the rotary iron core 11, and 12-1 and 12-
2 ... 12-12 represents a slot number. Armature windings are sequentially installed in the slots 12 provided in the rotary core 11, and the windings 13 and 16 are illustrated in FIG.
14 is a commutator, 14-1, 14-2 ... 14-2
4 represents the number of the commutator piece. 15 is a brush.

The armature winding 13 includes a coil 13-1 and a coil 13-2. The coil 13-1 has a starting end connected to the commutator piece 14-1, is wound in the slots 12-1 and 12-6, and has an end connected to the commutator piece 14-2. Coil 13-
2, the start end of the coil 13-1 is connected to the end of the coil 13-1, and the slots 12-1 and 12-6 around which the coil 13-1 is wound and the slots 12-1 and 12-adjacent to the slots 12-1 and 12-6. It is wound in two pairs of slots in 7, and the termination is connected to the commutator piece 14-3. Similarly, the armature winding 16 includes 16-1 wound around the slots 12-2 and 12-7, slots 12-2 and 12-7, and the slot 12-.
The coil 16-2 is wound around 3 and 12-8. Similarly, 12 armature windings wound around the entire circumference of the slot 12 of the rotary iron core 1 constitute an armature coil.

P indicates the rotation direction of the armature. The position of the brush 15 shown in the drawing is one coil 13-1 that constitutes the armature winding 13.
Is on the verge of completing rectification, and brush 15
At least short-circuits the coil 13-2 at the rear in the rotation direction.

X indicates the center of the armature winding 13. Reference numeral 17 indicates a field pole, and Y indicates the center of the field pole 17. Armature winding 13
The widening angle Z, which is an angle deviation between the center X of the field pole and the center Y of the field pole 17, is arranged to be 22.5 °.

In the commutator motor of the present invention configured as described above, at the time when the coil 13-1 in the front in the rotation direction finishes commutation, the transformer action with the coil 13-2 in the same slot short-circuited by the brush 15 is performed. Spark generation is small due to the spark suppression effect. Also, the next coil 13-2, which is behind the rotating direction, is
When the rectification ends, the next coil 1 in the rear direction of rotation is
Due to the effect of suppressing the spark by the transformer action with 6-1, the spark generation is small and the black bar phenomenon can be controlled.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the commutator pieces having an integral multiple of the number of slots of the rotary core are provided, and the coil wound around the pair of slots of the rotary core and the two pairs of slots including the pair of slots. Since the armature coil is composed of the armature winding composed of the coil wound around the coil, and the center of the armature winding and the center of the field pole are displaced by 10 ° to 30 °, rectification is improved. The black bar phenomenon is also suppressed, and the life of the brush can be improved. Eventually, the life of the motor will be improved. As a result of examination with a 500 W class commutator motor, as shown in the graph of FIG. 2, the spread angle Z, which is the deviation between the center of the armature winding and the center of the field pole, is 10
It was confirmed that the brush life could be extended to about 1.4 times in the range of 30 ° to 30 °.

In the present embodiment, the case where the number of commutator pieces is 24 and the number of slots of the rotary iron core is 12 has been described. However, for the present invention, the number of commutator pieces is an integral multiple of 2 times or more the number of rotary iron core slots. If

In the embodiment described above, the coil in the front in the rotation direction is wound around the pair of slots, and the coil in the back in the rotation direction is wound around the pair of slots. Needless to say, it is also possible to wind the pair of slots including the slots in which the rear coil of the front armature coil is wound, and to wind the coil rearward in the rotational direction into the pair of slots. .

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the life of the brush can be improved and the life of the device itself can be extended, and the practical effects thereof are great.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a connection diagram showing a winding arrangement of an armature coil of a commutator motor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph of brush life in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a wiring diagram which shows the winding arrangement of the armature coil of a commutator electric motor. 11 ... Rotating iron core, 12 ... Slot, 13,16 ...
Coil, 14 ... commutator, 17 ... field pole.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuo Shimazaki 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Akira Yamaguchi, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A commutator piece having an integral multiple of twice or more the number of slots of a rotating iron core is provided, and armature windings formed by connecting one end of two coils to the start of the other coil are sequentially connected. In a commutator motor that constitutes an armature coil and has no commutating pole, the first coil of the armature winding is wound around a pair of slots, and then the second coil is connected to the pair of slots. A commutator motor, which is wound in a second pair of slots adjacent to each other and has a widening angle, which is a deviation between the center of the two coils and the center of the field pole, set between 10 ° and 30 °.