JPH0568677B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a solar time switch in which predetermined evening times such as sunset time and sunset time are set throughout the year, and a lighting load is turned on when the surrounding area becomes dark. . [Background Art] In general, the sunrise time refers to the moment when the tip of the sun S emerges from the horizon H, as shown in Figure 1a, and the sunset time refers to the moment when the tip of the sun S leaves the horizon H, as shown in Figure 1b. This is the moment when the tip of S sinks below the horizon H, and the illuminance at this time is approximately 600 lux, which is quite bright. In other words, even before sunrise and after sunset, the sun's light below the horizon is scattered by the Earth's upper atmosphere, resulting in a period of brightness that continues for a while, and this is called twilight. In this way, there is twilight for a while before sunrise and after sunset. The duration of this twilight is not necessarily constant and varies depending on the season.
Figure 2a is a graph showing the relationship between sunset time T ₁ and sunset time T ₂ in Tokyo.
Figure b is a graph showing the relationship between dawn time T ₃ and sunrise time T ₄ at the same location. However, Fig. 2 a,
In b, the sunset time is the time when twilight disappears after sunset, and the dawn time is the time when twilight appears before sunrise. As mentioned above, it is much brighter during twilight, so it saves energy to turn on the lighting loads after twilight has passed. Furthermore, since the duration of twilight varies depending on the season, it is desirable to turn on the lighting load based on the time of dusk. Incidentally, an annual timer has been proposed in which the sunset time for each season is stored in the shape of a cam, and a lighting load is turned on when the sunset time arrives. however,
The problem with cams is that it is difficult to operate them accurately because there is a limit to their precision in machining. Also,
There are regional differences in sunset time, but the only way to compensate for regional differences through mechanical configuration is to change the shape of the cam, which poses the problem of increasing the number of cam types and complicating manufacturing management. be. [Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and it is an object of the present invention to numerically store data at predetermined times in the evening, such as sunset time and sunset time throughout the year. Therefore, it is possible to set the lighting time of lighting loads with high accuracy, and in addition, data throughout the year is used as the time deviation from the standard lighting time, and the correction coefficient set for each region is simply applied to the data of a specific region. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar time switch that can suppress the amount of data to be stored by making it possible to obtain data for other regions from data for a specific region. [Disclosure of the Invention] (Configuration) The configuration of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figure 3, the annual average of predetermined times in the evening such as sunset time and sunset time in a specific area a lighting time setting data storage unit 1a that stores a value as a lighting reference time and also stores a time deviation from the lighting reference time according to date data;
a lighting time setting unit 1b that calculates and sets a lighting time for a predetermined region by adding a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the above-mentioned time deviation by a correction coefficient given to a predetermined region and a reference time for lighting; an annual clock section 3 that measures the current time including the day; a lighting control section 5 that lights up the lighting load 4 for which the current time of the annual clock section 3 and the lighting time set by the lighting time setting section 1b match; It is equipped with Furthermore, the average value of a predetermined time in the morning such as the annual sunrise time or dawn time in a specific area is stored as the reference time for lights out, and the time deviation from the reference time for lights out according to the date data is stored. Time setting data storage section 2
a, a lights-out time setting unit 2b that calculates and sets a lights-out time for a predetermined region by adding a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the above-mentioned time deviation by a correction coefficient given to a predetermined region and a lights-off reference time; , a lights-out control unit 6 that turns off the lighting load 4 when the current time of the annual timer 3 and the lights-out time set by the lights-out time setting unit 2b match. The annual timekeeping section 3 measures the current hour, minute, month, and day, and is constructed of a crystal clock or the like. The lighting control section 5 and the lights-off control section 6 compare the current time in the annual clock section 3 with the lighting time set by the lighting time setting section 1b and the lights-off time set by the lights-off time setting section 2b, respectively. A comparison circuit for checking,
It is comprised of a load control relay and the like that turns on and off the lighting load 4 when a match is detected in this comparison circuit. The lighting time setting data storage unit 1a and the lights-out time setting data storage unit 2a can be configured by, for example, a ROM, and the dusk and dawn times for 365 days are stored in the ROM as digital data. Then, by accessing the ROM according to the month and day data of the annual timer 3, the sunset time and dawn time of that day can be obtained. At this time, the sunset time and dawn time are 4-digit data in decimal notation, but the annual average dusk time is stored as the reference time for turning on the lights, and the average dawn time of the year is stored as the reference time for turning off the lights. By storing the time deviation from the reference time for turning on and the reference time for turning off in ROM, the storage capacity is significantly reduced. In other words, let K ₀ A be the reference time for turning on, and K ₀ B be the reference time for turning off, and let the time deviations from the reference time for turning on K ₀ A and the reference time for turning off K ₀ B be respectively.
Assuming _A (D) and _B (D), the time T _ON when the lighting load 4 should be turned on and the time T _OFF when it should be turned off are given by the following equation. T _ON = _A (D) + K ₀ A T _OFF = _B (D) + K ₀ B In the above equation, time deviations _A (D) and _B (D) are functions that change according to date data D, and their amplitude is less than 100 minutes in both positive and negative directions. Therefore, the reference time for turning on K ₀ A and the reference time for turning off K ₀ B
If this is stored in the ROM as 4-digit data, the sunset and dawn times of the year can be stored as 2 digits each for each day.
ROM storage capacity can be saved by approximately 50%. Figure 4 shows the time T _OFF when lighting load 4 should be turned off.
It is a graph showing the relationship between the reference time K ₀ B for turning off the light, and the change in the time deviation _B (D) according to the date data D. As shown in the figure, by memorizing the change in time deviation _B (D) according to the date data D and the reference time K ₀ B for turning off the light, the time can be changed.
This allows T _OFF to be easily played back. Time deviation _A (D) according to such date data D,
_B (D) does not necessarily need to store all 365 days; it is sufficient to thin out and store data every 10 to 30 days, and use the thinned out data by interpolating it. . Figure 2a,
Looking at graph b, we can see that inflection points appear around December and July for the curve representing sunset time, and inflection points appear around January and June for the curve representing dawn time. It can be seen that the values tend to change almost linearly in areas other than the points. Therefore, in the vicinity of the inflection point, the thinning interval should be narrower and data should be stored approximately every 10 days, and in the straight section, the thinning interval should be coarser and data should be stored approximately every 30 days. Bye. In this way, compared to storing data evenly every 10 days throughout the year, the storage capacity of the ROM can be reduced by approximately
You can save 25%. Figure 5 shows time deviation _A (D) according to date data D.
FIG. In the figure, linear interpolation is performed between the time deviation _A (D ₁ ) on date D ₁ (January 1st) and the time deviation _A (D ₂ ) on date D ₂ (January 11th). , the time deviation _A (D) at any date D between dates D ₁ and D ₂ is determined by the following equation. _A (D) = _A (D ₂ ) - _A (D ₁ )/D ₂ - D ₁ (D - D
₁ ) + _A (D ₁ ) The broken line in Figure 5 is the time deviation _A when data read from ROM is used without linear interpolation.
(D) shows the change, and it can be seen that linear interpolation results in a fairly smooth change. By the way, the times of sunset and dawn differ depending on the region, and although the data shown in Figure 2 a and b measured in Tokyo can be used in the Kanto region, it is not suitable for geographical areas such as Hokkaido and Kyushu. It cannot be used as is in remote areas. Therefore, Hokkaido, Ou, Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu,
One possible method would be to prepare ROMs for each target region of Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa and replace the ROMs to prevent regional errors, but product specifications may vary depending on the shipping region. Changing this is extremely inconvenient in terms of inventory management. Therefore, as shown in the following formula, the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B according to each region are calculated as the time deviation _A (D),
It is preferable to correct the times T _ON and T _OFF in each region by multiplying by _B (D). T _ON = _A (D) × K ₁ A + K ₀ A T _OFF = _B (D) × K ₁ B + K ₀ B Here, time deviation _A (D) according to date data D
and _B (D) has the largest number of consumers, and
We use data from the Kanto region, which is located almost in the center of all target regions. Therefore, the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B for the Kanto region are each 1. Furthermore, in Hokkaido, which has a higher latitude than Kanto, the correction coefficient K ₁ A,
K ₁ B is 1 or more, and conversely, in Okinawa, which has a lower latitude than Kanto, the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B are 1 or less. Figure 6 shows the time deviation _A (D) of the sunrise time in the Kanto region, and the time deviations _A1 and _A2 of the sunrise time in the Hokkaido and Okinawa regions obtained by multiplying this by the correction coefficients K ₁ A and _{K 1 B.} are shown respectively. Regarding the fact that the time deviation of dusk and dawn times in each region can be calculated fairly accurately by simply multiplying the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B in this way,
The present inventor has already confirmed this, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. In the same figure, T ₃ indicates the change in the dawn time in Tokyo, which means that the time deviation _B (D) of the dawn time in Tokyo is the reference time for lights out K ₀
This is the amount added to B (4:41 a.m.). Also,
T ₃ ′ is the time deviation _B (D) of dawn time in Tokyo
is multiplied by the correction coefficient K ₁ B (=1.335) and added to the light-off reference time K ₀ B (4:41 a.m.),
This is a calculation of the dawn time in Sapporo. On the other hand, in Fig. 7, the black circles indicate the actual measured value of dawn time in Sapporo every 10 days, and if we compare this measured value with the value T ₃ ' calculated by the above-mentioned correction calculation, we find that it matches quite well. I know that there is.
Here, the values of the time deviation _B (D) of dawn time in Tokyo used in FIG. 7 are shown in Table 1. The same table also lists the value of the time deviation _A (D) of sunset time in Tokyo.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention stores the yearly average value of predetermined evening times such as sunset time and sunset time in a specific area as a reference time for lighting, and also sets the reference time for lighting according to date data. The lighting time setting data storage unit that stores the time deviation, the multiplication value obtained by multiplying the above time deviation by the correction coefficient given to the predetermined region, and the reference time for lighting are added together to set the lighting time for the predetermined region. If the lighting time setting section to be calculated and set matches the annual timing section that measures the current time including the month and day, and the current time of the annual timing section and the lighting time set in the lighting time setting section match, the lighting load is determined. It is equipped with a lighting control unit that lights up the lighting time, and annual data regarding predetermined times in the evening such as sunset time and sunset time are stored as numerical data in the lighting time setting data storage unit. This method has the advantage that the lighting time of the lighting load can be set with high accuracy, without causing errors as in mechanical configurations using cams. In addition, since the reference time for lighting, which is the annual average value of the predetermined time in the evening, and the time deviation from the reference time for lighting according to the date data are stored, it is possible to store the predetermined time in the evening throughout the year. By comparison, the amount of data can be significantly reduced. In addition, by memorizing the reference time for lighting and the time deviation for a specific region, and adding the reference time for lighting to the multiplication value obtained by multiplying the time deviation by a correction coefficient set for each region. Since the lighting time for the target area is set, by storing only the correction coefficient for each area, the lighting time for the target area can be determined based on the data of the specific area. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of data required. That is, since the amount of data is small even if correction coefficients for many regions are stored, there is an advantage that data can be stored in a manner that can be applied to many regions with one device. Furthermore, since the arithmetic processing only involves multiplication and addition, there is an advantage that the arithmetic processing can be performed in a short time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a and b are explanatory diagrams for explaining the sunrise and sunset times, respectively. Figure 2a is a diagram showing the annual sunset and sunset times in Tokyo, and Figure 2b is a diagram showing the annual sunset and sunset times in Tokyo. FIG. 3 is a block diagram corresponding to the claim showing a configuration corresponding to the claims of the present invention; FIG. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the interpolation calculation method in the above, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the district correction method in the same, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the accuracy of the correction calculation in the same, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing the accuracy of the correction calculation in the same. Figure 9 shows the annual change in sunrise times in various parts of Japan, Figure 9 shows the relationship between sunrise and sunset times in Tokyo, and Figure 10 shows the relationship between sunrise and sunset times in Tokyo.
The figure is a front view of one embodiment embodying the present invention.
Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the same as above.
The figure is an operation explanatory diagram showing an operation pattern in the same as above. 1a is a lighting time setting data storage part, 1b is a lighting time setting part, 2a is a lights-out time setting data storage part, 2b is a lights-out time setting part, 3 is an annual clock part,
4 is a lighting load, 5 is a lighting control section, and 6 is a lights-off control section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lighting time that stores the yearly average value of a predetermined time in the evening such as sunset time or sunset time in a specific region as a reference time for lighting, and also stores a time deviation from the reference time for lighting according to date data. A setting data storage unit, and a lighting time setting that calculates and sets a lighting time for a predetermined region by adding a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the above-mentioned time deviation by a correction coefficient given to a predetermined region and a reference time for lighting. Department, month,
comprising: an annual timer that measures the current time including the day; and a lighting control unit that turns on the lighting load when the current time of the yearly timer and the lighting time set in the lighting time setting unit match. A solar time switch featuring: