JPH0711586B2 - Solar time switch - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is turned on at a predetermined time in the evening such as sunset time or sunset time in the area, and at a predetermined time in the morning such as sunrise or dawn. The present invention relates to an electronic type solar time switch that operates off.

[Background technology]

There is a so-called EE switch that is conventionally used for switching at the sunset time.However, this EE switch requires the selection of a mounting location, and the sensitivity may change during use due to the effects of weather conditions, exhaust gas, etc. It was The illuminance at which such an EE switch operates is set at about 10 lux, but it has been demanded to turn on and off consciously early or late for security reasons, such as energy saving. However, such fine adjustment was impossible only with the EE switch.

There is also a mechanical timer that slides the sunrise and sunset times throughout the year with a cam, but the cam to be used must be created in a shape that follows the sunrise and sunset curves. There was a limit to the precision of work and it was not possible to operate it with high precision. In addition, since the sunrise and sunset times vary considerably throughout the country, the only way to mechanically compensate for regional differences is to change the shape of the cam,
There was a different model for each district.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to set a predetermined time in the evening such as sunset time and sunset time, and a predetermined time in the morning such as sunrise time and dawn time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic solar time switch that stores data that can be set for each area in a memory and accurately switches based on the data at a predetermined time corresponding to evening and morning in the area.

[Disclosure of Invention]

The present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration diagram of the present invention. Data for setting the data of the sunset time or the twilight time at which the twilight disappears after the sunset time and the data for setting the sunrise time or twilight A memory unit (1) that permanently stores data for setting the appearing daylight time data throughout the year, an annual clock unit (2) that clocks the current time including the month and day, and an annual clock unit (2 ) Reads out the data corresponding to the current day in (1) and sets the sunrise time or the dawn time in the area by correcting the data to set the time as the off start time and the sunset time or the sunset time of the time. The timer setting means (3) that sets the time as the ON start time is compared with the current time of the annual clock unit (2) and the set ON start time or OFF start time, and if they match, the timer ON or timer OFF is determined. The present invention Solar Times Lee Tutsi from the timer output control means (4) for generating a control signal is intended to be configured. The memory unit (1) stores the setting data of the sunrise time or the dawn time and the sunset time or the sunset time throughout the year. The sunrise time referred to here is shown in FIG. 2 (a). As shown, it means the moment when the tip of the sun S exits from the horizon H, and the sunset time means the sun S as shown in Fig. 2 (b).
Is the moment when the tip of the sun goes down to the horizon H. By the way, the illuminance at this time is about 600 lux, which is quite bright. That is, the light of the sun S below the horizon H is scattered by the upper atmosphere of the earth even before the sunrise and after the sunset, and continues to be bright for a while, which is called twilight. As described above, even before the sun rises and after the sun sets, there is dim light for a while, and it is not a good idea from the viewpoint of energy saving to turn on the lighting load even during the dim light. However, the duration of the twilight is not always constant, but varies according to the season. Figure 3 (a), and the time T ₁ of the Higurashi in Tokyo, a graph showing the relationship between time T ₂ of the day entry, also FIG. 3 (b) is a dawn time T ₃ in the same place, Hiji 7 is a graph showing a relationship with time T ₄ . However, in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the time of daylight is when the twilight disappears after the sunset, and the nighttime time is when twilight appears before the sunrise. Fig. 3 (a)
As is clear from (b), it is possible to turn on the lighting load depending on the season simply by turning on the lighting load after a certain time from the sunrise time or turning off the lighting load at a certain time before the sunrise time. Also, the turning-off timing may be too early or too late. Therefore, when the solar time switch of the present invention is used to blink an illumination lamp, the data to be stored in the memory unit (1) is set to the twilight time when the twilight is lost after the sunset and the dawn time when twilight appears before the sunrise. It is preferable that the data is for. The memory unit (1) can be configured by, for example, a ROM, and the above-mentioned data is stored as digital data in the ROM for the daylight-fall time and the daylight-time time for 365 days. )
If you access the ROM according to the month and day data of
You can get the sunset and daylight times of the day.
At this time, the nightfall time and the nightlight time are decimal 4-digit data, but the average annual sunset time and nightlight time are stored as the reference time, and the time deviation from this reference time is stored in the ROM. By doing so, the storage capacity can be significantly reduced. That is, the reference times of daylight and nighttime are K ₀ A and K ₀ B, respectively.
Letting f _A (D) and f _B (D) be the time deviations with respect to, respectively, the time T _{ON at} which the timer output should be turned on and the time T _{B at} which it should be turned off are given by the following equations.

T _ON = f _A (D) + K ₀ A T _OFF = f _B (D) + K ₀ B In the above formula, the time deviations f _A (D) and f _B (D) are functions that change according to the date data D. Yes, its amplitude is less than 100 minutes in both positive and negative directions. Therefore, the reference time K
_{If 0} A and K ₀ B are stored in the ROM as 4-digit data,
The daytime and evening hours of the year can be stored in two digits for each day, so that the storage capacity of the ROM is about 50.
You can save%. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the time T _{OFF at} which the timer output should be _{turned off} , its reference time K ₀ B, and the change in the time deviation f _B (D) according to the date data D. As shown in the figure, the time T _OFF can be easily reproduced by storing the change in the time deviation f _B (D) according to the date data D and the reference time K ₀ B. .

Time deviations f _A (D) and f _B according to the date data D
In (D), it is not always necessary to store all 365 days, but data is thinned out every 10 to 30 days and stored, and the thinned out data can be interpolated and used. Good. Looking at the graphs of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), inflection points appear in the December and April terms for the curve representing the dayfall time and 1 for the curve representing the daylight time.
Inflection points appear in the lunar and June terms, and it can be seen that the portions other than the inflection point tend to change almost linearly. Therefore, in the vicinity of the inflection point, the thinning interval should be narrowed to store the data about every 10 days, and in the straight line part, the thinning interval should be rough to store the data about every 30 days. Good. In this way, compared to storing data evenly every 10 days throughout the year,
The storage capacity of ROM can be saved by about 25%.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a method of obtaining the time deviation f _A (D) according to the date data D by linear interpolation. In the figure, time deviation f on date D ₁ (January 1st)
Time deviation f _A between _A (D ₁ ) and date D ₂ (January 11th)
(D ₂ ) is linearly interpolated, and the time deviation f _A (D) between arbitrary dates D between dates D ₁ and D ₂ is determined by the following equation.

The broken line in FIG. 5 shows the change in the time deviation f _A (D) when the data read from the ROM is used without being linearly interpolated, and the linear interpolation may result in a considerably smooth change. Recognize.

By the way, the nightfall time and the dawn time differ depending on the area, and are measured in Tokyo in FIGS. 3 (a) and (b).
The data shown in can be used in the Kanto region, but cannot be used as it is in geographically distant regions such as Hokkaido and Kyushu. So, Hokkaido, Ou,
It is also possible to prepare a ROM for each target area of Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa, and replace the ROM to prevent regional errors. It is extremely inconvenient for inventory control to change the specification of the product according to the above. Therefore, as shown in the following equation, the time T in each region is calculated by multiplying the time deviations f _A (D) and f _B (D) by the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B corresponding to each region. It is preferable to correct and calculate _ON and T _OFF .

T _ON = f _A (D) × K ₁ A + K ₀ A T _OFF = f _B (D) × K ₁ B + K ₀ B where the time deviations f _A (D) and f _B (D) according to the date data D are , The data of the Kanto region, which has the largest number of consumers and is located almost in the center of all target regions, is used.
Therefore, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B for the Kanto region are each 1. In Hokkaido, where latitude is higher than Kanto, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B are 1 or more, while in Okinawa where latitude is lower than Kanto, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B are 1 or less. Sixth
The figure shows the time deviation f _A (D) of the sunset time in the Kanto area.
And the time deviations f _A1 and f of the sunset time in Hokkaido and Okinawa obtained by multiplying this by the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B.
_A2 is shown respectively. Thus, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B
It has already been confirmed by the present inventor that the time deviations of the sunset time and the dawn time in each area can be calculated quite accurately only by multiplying by, and an example thereof is shown in FIG.
In the same figure, T ₃ indicates the change of the dawn time in Tokyo, which is the time deviation f of the dawn time in Tokyo.
_B (D) is added to the reference time K ₀ B (4:41 am). Further, T ₃ ′ is obtained by multiplying the time deviation f _B (D) of the nighttime time in Tokyo by the correction coefficient K ₁ B (= 1.335) and adding it to the reference time K ₀ B (4:41 am), This is the calculated time of daylight in Sapporo. On the other hand, the black circles in Fig. 7 show the measured values at night time in Sapporo every 10 days, and when comparing the measured values with the calculated value T ₃ ′ by the above-mentioned correction calculation, there is a good agreement. You can see that Here, the values of the time deviation f _B (D) at the nighttime time in Tokyo used in FIG. 7 are shown in Table 1. The table also shows the value of the time deviation f _A (D) of the sunset time in Tokyo.

Fig. 8 shows how different the sunrise time T ₄ is in Japan. In the figure, T ₄₁ is Okinawa, T ₄₂ is Kyushu, T ₄₃ is Shikoku, T ₄₄ is China, T ₄₅ is Kinki, T ₄₆ is Chubu,
T ₄₇ is Kanto, T ₄₈ is Tohoku (and Hokuriku), T ₄₉ is Ou, T ₄₀
Shows the sunrise times in Hokkaido every 10 days. For reference, FIG. 9 is a graph in which the change of the sunrise time T _{1 and} the change of the sunrise time T ₃ in Tokyo are overlaid on one graph. As is clear from the figure, the inflection point at the sunrise time T _{1 and} the inflection point at the sunrise time T ₃ are slightly displaced.

(Embodiment) FIG. 10 is a front view of a solar time switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the internal structure of the same. A time display unit (8) is provided on the front surface of the main body (7) of the solar time switch, and displays the current time. Above the time display section (8), a day of the week display section (9) including LEDs is provided. (10) is a skip switch for the day of the week, such as Saturday and Sunday, when the day when the lighting load is not turned on can be set. When setting the current time, etc., set the rotary switch (11) to the specified position and set the time adjustment button (13
₁ ) (13 ₂ ) (13 ₃ ) are operated. (14 ₁ ) (14
₂ ) is an operation pattern setting switch, which is a solar mode in which the lighting load (5) is turned on and off at the set time of day and night and the lighting load (at the time set by the user) set in the main body (7). The user timer mode for turning on / off 5) is switched. Further, when the time of turning on / off the illumination load (5) in the solar mode is slightly advanced or delayed, the fine adjustment switches (15 ₁ ) (15 ₂ ) which are digital switches are operated. (16 ₁ ) and (16 ₂ ) are operation display traps, which display the ON / OFF states of the output 1 and the output 2 for controlling the lighting load (5). Further, (17 ₁ ) and (17 ₂ ) are operation switching switches for output 1 and output 2, respectively, which are the ON mode for continuously turning on the lighting load (5) regardless of the set time and the lighting load (5) at the set time. The automatic mode for turning on and off and the off mode for continuously turning off the lighting load (5) are switched regardless of the set time.
Moreover, (18) is a district setting switch, and the target area where the solar time switch is used can be set. On the left side of the main body (7) is a group of terminals connected to the lighting load (5) and the power supply.

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the internal structure of the main body (7) of the solar time switch. In the figure, (6)
Is a control section using a micro computer system, and serves as the above-mentioned annual clock section (2), timer setting means (3) and timer output generating means (4), and also the above-mentioned time display section (8) and day of the week display. The driver unit (22) for driving the display unit (21) such as the unit (9), the memory unit (1) for storing the nightfall time, the dawn time, etc., and the setting of the time and the calling of the set time. A switch group (24) that performs the operation and a time timer memory (25) that stores the current time and the timer operating time set by the user.
, A relay drive unit (27) for driving the relay coil (26) in response to a control signal from the control unit (6), and a crystal oscillation circuit (28) for applying an operation clock to the control unit (6). ing. Reference numeral (29) is a power source section connected to a commercial power source, and its DC output is supplied to each section via a constant voltage circuit (30). The DC output of the power supply section (29) is also connected to a nickel-cadmium battery (31) for dock-up during a power failure. Reference numerals (20a) and (20b) are relay contacts for turning on and off the lighting load (5) and are driven by the relay coil (26).

Hereinafter, a method of operating the solar time switch will be briefly described. First, when the power is turned on, the time display section (8) is in a display state. In this state, press the day setting button (12) to set the day. Day setting button (12)
Each time the button is pressed, the display of the day of the week display section (9) is sent one day at a time. Next, to set the month and day, move the rotary switch (11) to the "month / day" display, press the time setting button (13 ₁ ) to set the month, and the time setting button (13 ₂ ) again. Is to set the "day". To set the time, set the rotary switch (11) to the "hour / minute" display, press the time setting button (13 ₁ ) to select "hour", and press the time setting button (13 ₂ ). The "minute" is set. Even when adjusting such "month / day" and "hour / minute", the time setting button (1
Each time you press 3 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) once, "Month""Day""Hour"
The indications such as "minutes" are sent one by one next. Also, if you press and hold the time setting buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) for 2 seconds or more, fast forward will occur. When performing the second match, combined rotary Sui Tutsi (11) at the "hour / minute", is intended to push the time together button (13 _3), this Yotsute "seconds" to be reset to 0, the time Match Button (13
_{When 3} ) is released, the timekeeping operation starts from 0 seconds. Next, when you want to check the current "month / day", the rotary switch (11) is set to "month / day", and the current "month / day" is displayed on the time display section (8). Is displayed. In the normal state, the rotary switch (11) is aligned with the "current time", and the current "hour / minute" is displayed on the time display section (8).

Next, the function of the operation pattern switches (14 ₁ ) (14 ₂ ) will be described. The operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) is a switch for on-time selection that switches between a solar mode in which the lighting load (5) is turned on at daylight hours and a user timer mode in which it is turned on at a timer time set by the user. operation pattern Sui Tutsi (14 _2), and solar mode for turning off the lighting load (5) the dawn time, a switch for oFF time selection switches between user timer mode to turn off the timer time set by the user. Therefore, four operation patterns can be set by switching the operation pattern switches (14 ₁ ) and (14 ₂ ). FIG. 12 (a) shows an operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) (1
4 ₂ ) Both are in the solar mode, and the lighting load (5) is turned on at dusk time and turned off at night time. FIG. 11B shows the case where only the operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) is set to the user timer mode, and the lighting load (5) is turned on at a fixed time and turned off at the night time. FIG (c) is a case of the operation pattern Sui Tutsi (14 ₂₎ only the user timer mode, the lighting load (5) is turned off on time and on the nightfall time. Further, FIG. 5D shows the case where the operation pattern switches (14 ₁ ) and (14 ₂ ) are both set to the user timer mode, and the lighting fixture (5) is turned on at a fixed time and turned off at a fixed time. To set the on time and off time in the user timer mode, use the rotary switch (11).
To the "timer time" and "timer off time" respectively, and press the time adjustment buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) to select "hour /
To set the minutes. Furthermore, in the solar mode, to shift the on time slightly before and after the sunset time, operate the fine adjustment switch (15 ₁ ).
The fine adjustment switch (15 ₂ ) is operated to shift the off time slightly before and after the night time.
Each of the fine adjustment switches (15 ₁ ) (15 ₂ ) is composed of a digital switch, and the on / off time can be shifted up to 24 minutes earlier or later at intervals of 6 minutes by a maximum of 24 minutes. When checking the ON time in the solar mode and user timer mode, set the rotary switch (11) to the "timer time", and if the operation pattern setting switch (14 ₁ ) is in the solar mode,
The sunset time is displayed as the on-time, and the timer time set by the user in the user timer mode is displayed as the on-time. To check the off time in the solar mode and user timer mode, set the rotary switch (11) to the "timer off time".
If the operation pattern setting switch (14 ₂₎ is a solar mode, dawn time is displayed as an off-time, the timer time set by the user if the user timer mode is displayed as an off-time. Next day of the week Skip switch (1
This switch is set to 0), but when the lighting of the factory is used as the lighting load (5), the lighting load (5) is set on the day when no employee goes in and out of the factory such as Saturday and Sunday. This is so that it can be selected so as not to turn it on. In addition, when selecting the target area to use this solar time switch, the district setting switch (18)
To switch.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention provides an annual average value of a predetermined time in the evening such as the sunset time or sunset time of a specific area and an average value of an annual value of a predetermined time in the morning such as the sunrise time or the dawn time, respectively. The memory unit that stores the data for setting the time deviation for each reference time throughout the year as well as the reference time, the yearly clocking unit that measures the month, day, and current time, and the target area Based on the district setting switch to be selected and the month and day clocking results of the annual clocking means, the stored data corresponding to the current day is read from the memory unit and given to the above time deviation for each region selected by the district setting switch. And a predetermined time set by the timer setting means for setting the predetermined time in the area on the current day by adding a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the correction coefficient Since the are a timer output control means for generating a timer control output when coincidence by comparing the current time of year counting means, in which storage of the data can be stored as digital signals in the memory section,
Moreover, since data can be read out and digital processing can be performed, the timer output can be turned on with high accuracy because machining accuracy and rotation speed do not pose problems compared to conventional mechanical timers that set the time according to the shape of the cam. Alternatively, it is possible to set the time to turn off based on the data in the memory section.By using a high-capacity semiconductor memory to store the data in the memory section, the sunrise, sunset time, and dawn The present invention has an effect that data such as the sunset time can be stored and held in a small space, and the size of the entire apparatus can be reduced. Moreover, the memory unit fixedly sets the reference time, which is the average value of the predetermined time in the evening and morning in the specific area, and the data of the time deviation throughout the year with respect to the reference time. , The correction coefficient corresponding to the area selected by the district setting switch is used to correct the error for each area by adding the product value obtained by multiplying the above time deviation and the reference time, so it is used in different areas In this case, only the correction coefficient given to the timer setting means needs to be selected by the district setting switch, and a large amount of data set throughout the year can be shared regardless of the region. That is, as a specification for each area, it is sufficient to give a correction coefficient for each area,
Even if all the correction factors for all regions used are stored, the amount of storage used will be very small compared to when storing annual data by region, and it will be necessary to manufacture products with different specifications for each region. There is no effect, and as a result, it has the effect of facilitating inventory management. Also, using the correction coefficient is particularly effective for latitude correction, and it is possible to perform correction with a simple correction calculation for any area with a different latitude with respect to the specific area where the reference time is set. There are advantages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (a).
(B) is an explanatory diagram for explaining sunrise and sunset times, respectively, FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing annual sunset time and sunset time in Tokyo, and FIG. 3 (b) is for the same area FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the sunrise time and dawn time of the year, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the reference time and time deviation in the same as above, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the interpolation calculation method in the same as above, and FIG. Figure showing method of district correction, Figure 7 showing accuracy of correction calculation in the same as above, Figure 8 showing annual change of sunrise time in various parts of Japan, Figure 9 Sunrise time and date in Tokyo FIG. 10 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the same, and FIG. 12 is an operation showing the operation pattern of the same. FIG. (1) is a memory section, (2) is an annual clock section, (3) is a timer setting section, (4) is a timer output control means, and (18) is a district setting switch.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-58-71591 (JP, A) JP-A-57-74684 (JP, A) Actually open 58-140490 (JP, U) Actual-open Sho-57- 152798 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An annual average value at a predetermined time in the evening such as sunset time and sunset time in a specific area and an average value at a predetermined time in the morning such as sunrise and night times. A memory unit that stores each as a reference time and fixedly stores data for setting the time deviation with respect to each reference time throughout the year, an annual clocking means for clocking the month, day, and current time, and the target area Select the area setting switch and the stored data corresponding to the day based on the time measurement result of the month and day of the yearly clocking means from the memory part and give it to the time difference for each area selected by the area setting switch. And a predetermined time set by the timer setting means for setting the predetermined time in the area on the current day by adding a multiplication value obtained by multiplying the correction coefficient Solar time switch, characterized by comprising a timer output control means for generating a timer control output when coincidence by comparing the current time of year clock means and.