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JPH0634100B2 - Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment - Google Patents
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JPH0634100B2 - Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment - Google Patents

Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment

Info

Publication number
JPH0634100B2
JPH0634100B2 JP60133034A JP13303485A JPH0634100B2 JP H0634100 B2 JPH0634100 B2 JP H0634100B2 JP 60133034 A JP60133034 A JP 60133034A JP 13303485 A JP13303485 A JP 13303485A JP H0634100 B2 JPH0634100 B2 JP H0634100B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
compression
sleeve
waste
volume reduction
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP60133034A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61292597A (en
Inventor
勝敏 部田
幸十郎 山本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NGK Insulators Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Insulators Ltd filed Critical NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority to JP60133034A priority Critical patent/JPH0634100B2/en
Priority to DE8585306685T priority patent/DE3563697D1/en
Priority to EP85306685A priority patent/EP0178802B1/en
Priority to KR1019850007266A priority patent/KR880000608B1/en
Publication of JPS61292597A publication Critical patent/JPS61292597A/en
Priority to US07/026,295 priority patent/US4768430A/en
Priority to US07/168,406 priority patent/US4809600A/en
Publication of JPH0634100B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0634100B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/32Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は可燃又は不燃の雑固体廃棄物を圧縮により減容
処理する装置に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、ドラ
ム缶をはじめとする筒状容器に詰められた雑固体廃棄物
を筒状容器ごと減容固塊化するプレス装置に関するもの
である。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for reducing the volume of combustible or non-combustible miscellaneous solid waste by compression, and more specifically, a cylindrical container such as a drum can. The present invention relates to a press device for reducing the volume of miscellaneous solid waste packed in a tube into a cylindrical container.

(従来の技術) 可燃又は不燃の雑形状および雑性状のいわゆる雑固体廃
棄物は、それぞれその性状に応じて、焼却、圧縮固塊化
等の処理をされたのち、埋立処分あるいは有用物につい
ては再利用されているのが通常である。しかし、これら
雑固体廃棄物のうち、例えば原子力発電所、原子力研究
施設、核燃料取扱施設、核燃料再処理工場およびラジオ
アイソトープ取扱施設等の原子力施設から発生する放射
能に汚染された廃棄物(以下放射性廃棄物という)およ
び毒性物質製造工程または取扱作業工程より発生する毒
性物質にて汚染された廃棄物(以下、毒性廃棄物とい
う)などは容易に廃棄処分することができないため、廃
棄物発生元で自家保管されているのが現状である。この
場合、廃棄物からの放射能または毒性物質の飛散および
汚染拡大を防止するために、ドラム缶をはじめとする筒
状容器に詰められて保管されているのが通常であるが、
保管量の増大に伴い保管スペースの節減を目的として可
燃廃棄物については焼却による減容処理が一部行われる
様になり、また特に不燃廃棄物に対しては圧縮による減
容処理が一部実施又は検討され始めている。
(Prior Art) So-called miscellaneous solid wastes of combustible or incombustible miscellaneous shapes and miscellaneous properties are incinerated, compressed and solidified, etc. according to their properties, and then landfilled or useful materials It is usually reused. However, of these miscellaneous solid wastes, for example, radioactive contaminated wastes (hereinafter referred to as radioactive wastes) generated from nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants, nuclear research facilities, nuclear fuel handling facilities, nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and radioisotope handling facilities. Waste) and toxic substances Wastes contaminated with toxic substances generated in the manufacturing process or handling work process (hereinafter referred to as toxic waste) cannot be easily disposed of. The current situation is that they are kept privately. In this case, in order to prevent the scattering of radioactive or toxic substances from waste and the spread of pollution, it is usually packed and stored in a cylindrical container such as a drum can.
With the increase in the amount of storage, some of the combustible waste will be incinerated to reduce the storage space, and some of the non-combustible waste will be partially reduced by compression. Or, it is being considered.

(発明が解決しようとする問題点) 圧縮処理は、最も簡便な減容処理法であるとともに、処
理に伴わない二次廃棄物の発生が殆どないことが特徴で
あるが、現在例えば原子力発電所等で行われている圧縮
処理方法は、例えばドラム缶等の蓋を開放し、ドラム缶
の内径よりやや小さいプレスラムにてドラム缶内の廃棄
物をドラム缶中で圧縮して減容処理するものであり、放
射能の飛散または汚染拡大の恐れがあるとともに、復元
力の大きい廃棄物に対してはスプリングバックにより所
期の減容効果が得られない等の欠点を有している。ま
た、例えば廃棄物をドラム缶ごと圧縮減容する方法とし
て、廃棄物を収納したドラム缶をシリンダ状スリーブ内
で一軸圧縮する方法や三方向よりそれぞれ圧縮力を加え
る三軸圧縮法が考案されているが、前者は圧縮された廃
棄物ドラム(以下圧縮片という)の外径が元のドラム缶
と同等かやや大きいため、圧縮片を収納するためには新
たな寸法のドラム缶等の容器が必要となる欠点があり、
後者は前者のような欠点は解消できるものの三方向圧縮
のため圧縮装置が複雑で大きくなるとともに設備費も高
価となる欠点を有している。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Compression processing is the most simple volume reduction processing method and is characterized in that there is almost no generation of secondary waste that does not accompany the processing, but currently, for example, nuclear power plants For example, the compression treatment method is performed by opening the lid of a drum or the like and compressing the waste in the drum with a press ram slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drum to reduce the volume. There is a risk that the capacity may be scattered or pollution may spread, and that springback may not be able to achieve the desired volume reduction effect on waste having a large restoring force. Further, for example, as a method of compressing and reducing the volume of waste together with a drum can, a method of uniaxially compressing a drum containing waste into a cylindrical sleeve and a triaxial compression method of applying compressive forces from three directions have been devised. In the former case, the outer diameter of the compressed waste drum (hereinafter referred to as compression piece) is equal to or slightly larger than the original drum can, so a container such as a new-sized drum can is required to store the compression piece. There is
The latter has the drawback that although the former drawback can be solved, the compression device becomes complicated and large due to the three-way compression, and the equipment cost becomes expensive.

本発明の目的は上述した不具合を解消して、一方向の圧
縮のみで廃棄物容器等の圧縮減容化を達成でき、廃棄物
容器及び廃HEPAフィルタの合理的なハンドリングを可能
とする固体廃棄物の圧縮減容処理装置を提供しようとす
るものである。さらに本発明の他の目的は、装置全体の
高さを低くすることができ、狭い部屋特に高さのない部
屋にも好適に備え付けることのできる圧縮減容処理装置
を提供しようとするものである。
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience, and to achieve compression volume reduction of a waste container and the like only by unidirectional compression, and solid waste that enables rational handling of the waste container and the waste HEPA filter. An object of the present invention is to provide a compression volume reduction processing device. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a compression volume reduction apparatus which can reduce the height of the apparatus as a whole and can be suitably installed even in a narrow room, especially a room having no height. .

(問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明の固体廃棄物の圧縮減容処理装置は、可燃又は不
燃の雑固体廃棄物を収容する筒状被圧縮容器をその内部
に収納する圧縮スリーブと、上部より筒状被圧縮容器を
押し付けるプレスラムとより構成される主圧縮装置と、
上部が筒状被圧縮容器を挿入できる内径を有するととも
に、下部が前記圧縮スリーブの内径と同じ内径を有し、
予圧縮時には前記圧縮スリーブと結合して使用する予圧
縮用テーパスリーブと、前記圧縮スリーブに係合可能な
外径を有し、筒状被圧縮容器を前記予圧縮用テーパスリ
ーブを介して前記圧縮スリーブ中に押し込む予圧縮プレ
スラムとより構成される予圧縮装置とを、同一ベース上
に設け、このベース上に設けたスライドベースにより前
記圧縮スリーブが前記圧縮装置と前記予圧縮装置との間
を移動できるよう構成したことを特徴とするものであ
る。
(Means for Solving the Problems) A compression volume reduction apparatus for solid waste according to the present invention comprises a compression sleeve for accommodating therein a cylindrical compressed container for storing combustible or incombustible miscellaneous solid waste, A main compression device composed of a press ram for pressing the cylindrical compressed container from the upper part,
The upper part has an inner diameter capable of inserting the cylindrical compressed container, and the lower part has the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the compression sleeve,
At the time of pre-compression, a pre-compression taper sleeve that is used in combination with the compression sleeve, and an outer diameter that can be engaged with the compression sleeve are used to compress the tubular container to be compressed through the pre-compression taper sleeve. A precompression device composed of a precompression press ram to be pushed into the sleeve is provided on the same base, and the compression sleeve is moved between the compression device and the precompression device by a slide base provided on the base. It is characterized by being configured so that it can be performed.

(作用) 本発明てば、圧縮減容装置による圧縮減容化に先立っ
て、テーパスリーブと予圧縮プレスラムとよりなる予圧
縮装置により圧縮スリーブ内径よりも大きな外径、外寸
法を有する筒状被圧縮容器及び廃HEPAフィルタを圧縮ス
リーブ内に挿入した後、圧縮減容装置によりそれらの廃
棄物を圧縮減容化している。そのため、圧縮減容化され
た圧縮片の外寸法または外径を圧縮前のもとの収納容器
の外寸法または外径より小さくすることができる。さら
に、予圧縮装置を設けて筒状被圧縮容器の圧縮作業を主
圧縮と分担しているため、装置全体の高さを従来の装置
に比べて低くすることができる。
(Operation) According to the present invention, prior to the compression volume reduction by the compression volume reduction device, the pre-compression device including the taper sleeve and the pre-compression press ram is used to form the cylindrical jacket having the outer diameter and outer dimension larger than the inner diameter of the compression sleeve. After inserting the compression container and the waste HEPA filter into the compression sleeve, the volume of the waste is compressed and reduced by the compression volume reduction device. Therefore, the outer size or outer diameter of the compression-reduced compression piece can be made smaller than the outer size or outer diameter of the original storage container before compression. Further, since the pre-compression device is provided and the compression work of the cylindrical container to be compressed is shared with the main compression, the height of the entire device can be made lower than that of the conventional device.

(実施例) 以下本発明を廃棄物容器がドラム缶である場合を例とし
て詳述する。
(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by taking the case where the waste container is a drum as an example.

第1図は本発明の圧縮減容処理装置の一実施例を示す線
図である。本実施例では、主圧縮装置としてフレーム1
をベース2上に堅固に取り付け、このフレーム1上に例
えば1000トンの油圧シリンダ3を設けたものを使用して
いる。この油圧シリンダ3のロッドには圧縮スリーブ4
内に係合可能な外径を有するメインプレスラム5を取り
付ける。また、予圧縮装置として、同一のベース2上に
押し込みプレス用フレーム6を立設し、このフレーム6
に押し込み用油圧シリンダ7およびテーパスリーブ8を
固定すると共に、シリンダ7のロッドに押し込み用プレ
スラム9を装着する。圧縮スリーブ4の内径は被圧縮廃
棄物ドラム10の外径より小さい寸法であり、テーパスリ
ーブ8は廃棄物ドラム10を挿入できる内径でありその内
下部の下方に行くに従ってテーパ状に狭くなり最終的に
は圧縮スリーブ4の内径と同じ内径となっている。ま
た、ベース2の中央上面には摺動自在にスライドベース
11を設け、このスライドベース11上に圧縮スリーブ4を
設置する。このスライドベース1の移動により、圧縮ス
リーブ4は押し込み用プレスラム9直下でテーパスリー
ブ8と接する位置と、メインプレスラム5直下の位置を
選択的にとることができる。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the compression volume reduction processing apparatus of the present invention. In this embodiment, the frame 1 is used as the main compression device.
Is firmly mounted on the base 2, and the frame 1 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 3 of 1000 tons, for example. The rod of this hydraulic cylinder 3 has a compression sleeve 4
A main press ram 5 having an outer diameter engageable therein is attached. Further, as a pre-compression device, a pushing press frame 6 is erected on the same base 2 and the frame 6
The hydraulic cylinder 7 for pushing in and the taper sleeve 8 are fixed to the above, and the press ram 9 for pushing is attached to the rod of the cylinder 7. The inner diameter of the compression sleeve 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the waste drum 10 to be compressed, and the tapered sleeve 8 has an inner diameter into which the waste drum 10 can be inserted. Has the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the compression sleeve 4. In addition, a slide base is slidably mounted on the central upper surface of the base 2.
11 is provided, and the compression sleeve 4 is installed on the slide base 11. By this movement of the slide base 1, the compression sleeve 4 can selectively take a position directly below the press ram 9 for contact and in contact with the taper sleeve 8 and a position directly below the main press ram 5.

次に、上述した圧縮減容処理装置を使用して実際に圧縮
減容化を行う方法を説明する。まず、圧縮スリーブ4を
予圧縮装置のテーパスリーブ8と接する第1図に示す位
置に移動した状態で、テーパスリーブ8に挿入した廃棄
物ドラム10を油圧シリンダー7を駆動して押し込み用プ
レスラム9により押し付けると、廃棄物ドラム10はテー
パスリーブ8を通過することにより径方向に圧縮されつ
つ圧縮スリーブ4内に押し込まれる。次に、押し込み用
プレスラム9を上昇させ、圧縮スリーブ4内に廃棄物ド
ラム10を挿入した状態でスライドベース11により圧縮ス
リーブ4をメインプレスラム5の下部に移動する。その
後、メインプレスラム5を油圧シリンダ3の駆動により
下降させ、廃棄物ドラム10をさらに圧縮する。圧縮され
た圧縮片は、主圧縮装置に設けた図示しないスリーブ持
上装置を作動させて圧縮スリーブ4を持上げた状態で、
スライドベース11を摺動させ圧縮片を圧縮装置側へ移動
して装置外部へ取り出すか、あるいは圧縮片を圧縮スリ
ーブ4に保持した状態でスライドベース11を摺動させ予
圧縮装置へ移動した後圧縮スリーブ4を持ち上げて押込
み用プレスラム9により下方へ取り出しても良い。
Next, a method of actually performing compression volume reduction using the compression volume reduction processing apparatus described above will be described. First, with the compression sleeve 4 moved to the position shown in FIG. 1 where it contacts the taper sleeve 8 of the precompressor, the waste drum 10 inserted into the taper sleeve 8 is driven by the press cylinder 9 by driving the hydraulic cylinder 7. When pressed, the waste drum 10 is pushed into the compression sleeve 4 while being compressed in the radial direction by passing through the taper sleeve 8. Next, the press ram 9 for pushing is raised, and the compression sleeve 4 is moved to the lower part of the main press ram 5 by the slide base 11 with the waste drum 10 inserted in the compression sleeve 4. After that, the main press ram 5 is lowered by driving the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the waste drum 10 is further compressed. The compressed compression piece is operated by a sleeve lifting device (not shown) provided in the main compression device to lift the compression sleeve 4,
Slide the slide base 11 to move the compression piece to the compression device side and take it out of the device, or slide the slide base 11 while holding the compression piece on the compression sleeve 4 and move it to the pre-compression device and then compress it. The sleeve 4 may be lifted and taken out downward by the pressing press ram 9.

また、廃棄物を収納した容器とは異なる原子力発電所等
で廃棄される廃HEPAフィルタを圧縮減容化するには、テ
ーパスリーブ8の金型を交換することにより上述した方
法と同様の方法で処理可能であり、処理後の圧縮片を例
えば200ドラムに収納可能である。
Further, in order to compress and reduce the volume of a waste HEPA filter that is discarded at a nuclear power plant, etc., which is different from the container that stores the waste, replace the die of the taper sleeve 8 with the same method as described above. It can be processed, and the processed compressed pieces can be stored in, for example, 200 drums.

本発明は上述した実施例にのみ限定されるものでなく、
幾多の変形、変更が可能である。例えば上述した実施例
では、圧縮スリーブの断面形状を円形としたが、その形
状を四角形あるいは六角形の多角形形状とすることもで
きる。この場合は元のドラム缶の外径に外接する多角形
よりも小さい寸法の圧縮片への成型が可能であり、圧縮
片の貯蔵効率を高めることができる。
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
Many variations and modifications are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the compression sleeve has a circular cross-sectional shape, but it may have a quadrangular or hexagonal polygonal shape. In this case, it is possible to form a compressed piece having a size smaller than a polygon circumscribing the outer diameter of the original drum, and the storage efficiency of the compressed piece can be improved.

(発明の効果) 以上詳細に説明したところから明らかなように、本発明
の固体廃棄物の圧縮減容処理装置によれば、従来の一軸
圧縮装置に簡単な予圧縮装置を付設することにより、20
0ドラム等の筒状廃棄物収納容器を圧縮減容し、再び
元の大きさと同じ大きさの収納容器に複数の圧縮片を充
填することが可能であり、ハンドリングドラムの統一に
よるメリットは極めて大きい。また、廃HEPAフィルタの
圧縮減容処理も簡単な金型の交換で実施でき、同様に20
0ドラム内に複数の圧縮片を収納可能である。さら
に、使用する圧縮スリーブが小さいため装置全体の高さ
を低くすることができ、狭い部屋特に高さの低い部屋に
も好適に備え付けることができる。
(Effects of the Invention) As is apparent from the above description in detail, according to the solid waste compression volume reduction processing apparatus of the present invention, by attaching a simple precompression apparatus to the conventional uniaxial compression apparatus, 20
0 It is possible to compress and reduce the volume of a cylindrical waste storage container such as a drum, and then to fill a plurality of compressed pieces into a storage container of the same size as the original size again. . In addition, the volume reduction of the waste HEPA filter can be performed by simply changing the mold.
0 Multiple compression pieces can be stored in the drum. Further, since the compression sleeve used is small, the height of the entire apparatus can be reduced, and the apparatus can be suitably installed even in a narrow room, especially a room with a low height.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図は本発明の圧縮減容処理装置の一実施例を示す線
図である。 1……フレーム、2……ベース 3……油圧シリンダ、4……圧縮スリーブ 5……メインプレスラム 6……押し込みプレス用フレーム 7……押し込み用油圧シリンダ 8……テーパスリーブ 9……押し込み用プレスラム 10……廃棄物ドラム、11……スライドベース
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the compression volume reduction processing apparatus of the present invention. 1 …… Frame 2 …… Base 3 …… Hydraulic cylinder 4 …… Compression sleeve 5 …… Main press ram 6 …… Pushing press frame 7 …… Pushing hydraulic cylinder 8 …… Taper sleeve 9 …… Pushing Press ram 10 …… Waste drum, 11 …… Slide base

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】可燃又は不燃の雑固体廃棄物を収容する筒
状被圧縮容器をその内部に収納する圧縮スリーブと、上
部より筒状被圧縮容器を押し付けるプレスラムとより構
成される主圧縮装置と、上部が筒状被圧縮容器を挿入で
きる内径を有するとともに、下部が前記圧縮スリーブの
内径と同じ内径を有し、予圧縮時には前記圧縮スリーブ
と結合して使用する予圧縮用テーパスリーブと、前記圧
縮スリーブに係合可能な外径を有し、筒状被圧縮容器を
前記予圧縮用テーパスリーブを介して前記圧縮スリーブ
中に押し込む予圧縮プレスラムとより構成される予圧縮
装置とを、同一ベース上に設け、このベース上に設けた
スライドベースにより前記圧縮スリーブが前記圧縮装置
と前記予圧縮装置との間を移動できるよう構成したこと
を特徴とする固体廃棄物の圧縮減容処理装置。
1. A main compression device comprising a compression sleeve for accommodating a cylindrical compressed container for storing combustible or incombustible miscellaneous solid waste, and a press ram for pressing the cylindrical compressed container from above. A pre-compression taper sleeve for use in combination with the compression sleeve at the time of pre-compression, the upper part having an inner diameter capable of inserting the cylindrical container to be compressed, and the lower part having the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the compression sleeve. A precompression device having an outer diameter capable of engaging with a compression sleeve and configured to push a tubular compressed container into the compression sleeve via the precompression taper sleeve and a precompression device on the same base. A solid body characterized in that the compression sleeve is provided on the base so that the compression sleeve can be moved between the compression device and the precompression device by a slide base provided on the base. Compression volume reduction processing apparatus of wastes.
JP60133034A 1984-10-02 1985-06-20 Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment Expired - Fee Related JPH0634100B2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60133034A JPH0634100B2 (en) 1985-06-20 1985-06-20 Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment
DE8585306685T DE3563697D1 (en) 1984-10-02 1985-09-19 Compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus
EP85306685A EP0178802B1 (en) 1984-10-02 1985-09-19 Compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus
KR1019850007266A KR880000608B1 (en) 1984-10-02 1985-10-02 Pressing & volume decreasing apparatus
US07/026,295 US4768430A (en) 1984-10-02 1987-03-16 Compression apparatus having grooved compression sleeve and press ram
US07/168,406 US4809600A (en) 1984-10-02 1988-03-15 Compression apparatus having precompression device and main compression device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60133034A JPH0634100B2 (en) 1985-06-20 1985-06-20 Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61292597A JPS61292597A (en) 1986-12-23
JPH0634100B2 true JPH0634100B2 (en) 1994-05-02

Family

ID=15095260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60133034A Expired - Fee Related JPH0634100B2 (en) 1984-10-02 1985-06-20 Solid waste compression and volume reduction equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0634100B2 (en)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60133033A (en) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-16 Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc Manufacturing method of low fluidity prepreg

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61292597A (en) 1986-12-23

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