JPH0548440B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is a method for producing solid waste, which presses solid waste filled in a cylindrical container such as a drum together with the cylindrical container to significantly reduce its volume. The present invention relates to a compression volume reduction processing device.

(Prior art) Non-combustible solid waste is normally disposed of in landfills, except for those that can be reused.
Contamination by radioactive waste contaminated with radioactivity generated from nuclear facilities such as nuclear research facilities, nuclear fuel handling facilities, nuclear fuel reprocessing plants, and radioisotope handling facilities, as well as toxic substances generated from toxic substance manufacturing processes or their handling processes. At present, the toxic wastes generated cannot be disposed of in landfills, so they are currently stored at the source where they are generated. In this case, solid waste is normally stored in cylindrical containers such as drums to prevent radioactivity and toxic substances from scattering, but as the amount of storage increases, In order to save storage space, some volume reduction processes are carried out in which solid waste is compressed while still being filled in a cylindrical container. Compression and volume reduction processing equipment for such volume reduction processing includes a type of equipment that uniaxially compresses a cylindrical container within a cylindrical compression sleeve, and a type that compresses a cylindrical container uniaxially in a cylindrical compression sleeve, and a type that compresses a cylindrical container uniaxially in a cylindrical compression sleeve. A type of device that performs this has been developed.

However, with uniaxial compression type containers, the external shape of the compressed product is either the same as the external shape of the cylindrical container before compression, or it expands due to compression and becomes slightly larger in diameter. It is necessary to prepare a container, for example, a 180-pack drum and
It has the disadvantage of requiring 200 drums.
However, since current drum handling equipment in nuclear power plants and the like is designed for only one type of drum, handling two types of drums is extremely uneconomical and undesirable.

Although the triaxial compression type does not have these drawbacks, it has the disadvantage that the compression mechanism is complicated and large, and the equipment cost is extremely high.

It is also conceivable to compress the solid waste directly in the drum or to fill the drum with solid waste compressed externally. However, in the former method, if highly rigid metal waste such as pipes is mixed in, the drum may break during compression and become unusable as a storage container. In addition, the latter method has the serious problem of radioactive dust scattering during compression, and if it contains elastic materials such as rubber, it will expand due to the springback phenomenon after compression, making it impossible to store it in a drum. Due to problems, neither method could be adopted in this case.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) The present invention solves the conventional problems as described above,
3 until the compressed material can be stored in a cylindrical container with the same dimensions as the original cylindrical container using a simple mechanism.
It was completed for the purpose of a compression volume reduction treatment device for solid waste that can be compressed from the axial direction.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a system in which a press ram for pressing a cylindrical container filled with solid waste at high pressure can be moved up and down on a frame above a compression sleeve that stores the cylindrical container filled with solid waste. In the solid waste compression volume reduction processing apparatus provided, the inner circumferential surface of the compression sleeve is composed of an upper large diameter part, a lower small diameter part smaller in diameter than the outer diameter of the cylindrical container, and an intermediate tapered part. At the same time, the inner circumferential surface has a plurality of longitudinal grooves that are continuous from the upper end to the lower end of the inner circumferential surface and engage with a plurality of protrusions formed on the peripheral edge of the press ram, and the deepest part thereof is vertical. It is characterized by the fact that it has been established.

(Embodiment) Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. 1 is a base, 2 is a stand erected on the base 1, and 3 is slidably provided on the central upper surface of the base 1. 4 is a compression sleeve installed on the slide base 3; 5 is a pedestal 2;
For example, a 1000 ton hydraulic cylinder installed in 6
is its press ram. The compression sleeve 4 is a cylindrical container 20 such as a drum filled with solid waste.
The inner peripheral surface 7 includes an upper large diameter part 7a having a slightly larger diameter than the cylindrical container 20, a lower small diameter part 7c having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the cylindrical container 20, It consists of an intermediate tapered portion 7b connecting the two. Further, the inner circumferential surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4 is provided with a large number of continuous vertical grooves 8 from its upper end to its lower end. These vertical grooves 8 engage with a large number of protrusions 9 formed on the peripheral edge of the press ram 6, so that the press ram 6 can be easily moved both when the lower surface of the press ram 6 is located at the large diameter section 7a and when it has descended to the small diameter section 7c. and the inner peripheral surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4
This prevents the formation of a gap between the two. That is, when the lower surface of the press ram 6 is located at the large diameter portion 7a, the protrusion 9 and the vertical groove 8 only engage shallowly, but when the lower surface of the press ram 6 is located at the tapered portion 7b.
When reaching the small diameter portion 7c, the two are deeply engaged, and in this way, the two are constantly engaged to prevent the formation of a gap. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. It is necessary that the outer diameter of the recessed portion in between is dimensioned so that it can enter the inside of the small diameter portion 7c of the compression sleeve 4.
In this way, it is preferable that the vertical groove 8 is recessed from the upper end to the lower end of the inner circumferential surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4. In addition, it is preferable that the compression sleeve 4 has a structure in which it can be lifted when taking out the compressed material, and in this embodiment, the compression sleeve 4 is supported with respect to the frame 2 so as to be able to rise and fall freely by a lifting mechanism 10 of a hydraulic cylinder type. And so.

(Function) In this structure, the press ram 6 provided on the pedestal 2 is raised, and the large diameter portion 7a at the top of the compression sleeve 4 is pressed into a cylindrical drum-like cylinder filled with solid waste. A shaped container 20 is stored,
Move the slide base 3 to position the compression sleeve 4 directly below the press ram 6, and then engage the protrusion 9 on the peripheral edge of the press ram 6 with the vertical groove on the inner circumferential surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4, and press the press ram 6. When lowered, the cylindrical container 20 in the large diameter portion 7a of the compression sleeve 4 is pressed downward together with the solid waste inside, and a compression force is applied from the entire circumference toward the center while passing through the tapered portion 7b. As a result, the outer diameter of the material is reduced until it reaches the small diameter portion 7c at the bottom, where it is finally pressed under high pressure by the press ram 6 to reduce its vertical height to a fraction of its original size, thereby compressing and reducing its volume. becomes. Moreover, the vertical grooves 8 recessed in the inner circumferential surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4 are prevented from engaging with a large number of protrusions 9 formed on the peripheral edge of the press ram 6, thereby preventing a gap from being formed between the two. Therefore, the cylindrical container 20 is compressed and reduced in volume into a disk shape without causing any protrusion or ejection of solid waste inside. Thereafter, while holding the press ram 6 in the compression position, the compression sleeve 4 is lifted up by the lifting mechanism 10 to remove the compressed material downward, and the compressed material is moved together with the slide base 3 to take out the compressed material. It is vertically compressed to a fraction of its size and its external size is reduced.
Since the diameter has been reduced by 10-20%, the original cylindrical container 2
Several pieces can be stored inside a cylindrical container with the same dimensions as 0.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, the present invention compresses solid waste in the radial and vertical directions while filling it in a cylindrical container such as a drum to reduce the volume and restore the original cylindrical shape. Since it can be made into a size that can be stored in a container, solid waste can be treated without preparing cylindrical containers of multiple sizes, and since the press ram only needs to be operated in one axis, it is possible to compress It has the advantage that the mechanism is not complicated and the equipment cost is low. Furthermore, the longitudinal grooves on the inner circumferential surface of the compression sleeve engage with the protrusions on the peripheral edge of the press ram to prevent extrusion and scattering of solid waste during the compression process, allowing for accurate compression and volume reduction. It is something. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for compression and volume reduction treatment of solid waste generated from nuclear facilities, and contributes to the development of industry as a solid waste compression and volume reduction treatment device that eliminates the conventional problems. is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an end view of a section taken along line A--A in FIG. 2: Frame, 4: Compression sleeve, 6: Press ram, 7: Inner peripheral surface, 7a: Large diameter section, 7b: Tapered section, 7c: Small diameter section, 8: Vertical groove, 9: Projection, 10:
Lifting mechanism, 20: cylindrical container.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A press ram 6 for pressing the cylindrical container 20 under high pressure is provided on the pedestal 2 above the compression sleeve 4 that accommodates the cylindrical container 20 filled with solid waste, and is movable up and down. In the compression and volume reduction treatment apparatus for solid waste, the inner circumferential surface 7 of the compression sleeve 4 is divided into an upper large diameter part 7a, a lower small diameter part 7c smaller in diameter than the outer diameter of the cylindrical container 20, and an intermediate tapered part 7b. The inner circumferential surface 7 has a large number of vertical grooves 8 that are continuous from the upper end to the lower end of the inner circumferential surface 7 and engages with a large number of protrusions 9 formed on the peripheral edge of the press ram 6. , and is recessed with the deepest part thereof being vertical. 2 The compression sleeve 4 is moved to the pedestal 2 by the lifting mechanism 10.
The solid waste compression and volume reduction processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste compression and volume reduction processing apparatus is supported such that it can be raised and lowered.