SUPPLEMENTとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin supplementum (“that which is added to supply a shortage”), from supplere (“to provide something”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈsʌp.lə.mənt/
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈsɐp.lə.mənt/, /ˈsap.lə.mənt/

名詞

supplement (plural supplements)

1. Something added; especially, such an addition added to make up for a deficiency.

   Hypernym: addition

   Near-synonyms: see Thesaurus:adjunct

   • 2013 March, David S. Senchina, “Athletics and Herbal Supplements”, in American Scientist‎, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 16 May 2013, page 134:

     Athletes' use of herbal supplements has skyrocketed in the past two decades. At the top of the list of popular herbs are echinacea and ginseng, whereas garlic, St. John's wort, soybean, ephedra and others are also surging in popularity or have been historically prevalent.

   • 2023 April 3, Alaina Demopoulos, “Computer-generated inclusivity: fashion turns to ‘diverse’ AI models”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     AI models will not completely replace the humans, she said, but will serve as a “supplement” intended to aid in the brand’s representation of various sizes, skin tones and ages.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

2. An extension to a document or publication that adds information, corrects errors, or brings up to date.

   Coordinate terms: (addition) appendix (sometimes synonymous), addendum; (error correction) erratum, corrigendum; (currency) update, revision

3. (journalism, scientific literature) An additional section of a newspaper devoted to a specific subject; an additional section of a journal issue, or an additional issue, for a similar purpose.

   Coordinate term: (journals) special issue

   the literary supplement

   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IV, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     "Mid-Lent, and the Enemy grins," remarked Selwyn as he started for church with Nina and the children. Austin, knee-deep in a dozen Sunday supplements, refused to stir; poor little Eileen was now convalescent from grippe, but still unsteady on her legs; her maid had taken the grippe, and now moaned all day: "Mon dieu! Mon dieu! Che fais mourir!"

4. (geometry) An angle that, when added to a given angle, makes 180°; a supplementary angle.
5. (nutrition, bodybuilding) A vitamin, herbal extract, or chemical compound ingested to meet dietary deficiencies or enhance muscular development; the dosage form that conveys or embodies it (e.g., tablet, capsule, pill, powder, beverage).

   Vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids must come from either the diet or supplements.

   Menstruators are likelier to need an iron supplement than non-menstruators, whose diet alone is usually sufficient.

   She wasn't getting enough iron, so they prescribed a supplement.

6. A surcharge, additional cost, especially for food in a restaurant.

   There is a £2 supplement if you choose the steak.

7. (grammar) An adjunct that is nonessential, especially a supplementary relative clause.

   Hypernym: adjunct

   Coordinate term: modifier

派生語

関連する語

動詞

supplement (third-person singular simple present supplements, present participle supplementing, simple past and past participle supplemented)

1. To provide or make a supplement to something.

   I supplement my income by working as a model.

   • 1956 September, F. F. Nicholls, “Neyland, A Forgotten Harbour”, in Railway Magazine, page 632:

     Using the countless tons of rock from the cliff-face, supplemented by much more from inland, they threw out a huge breakwater, 2,000 ft. long and 80 ft. high, roughly at right angles to the quay, so forming an almost completely sheltered corner. Fifty years later, this massive mole is still standing up to the worst that the Irish Sea can do.

同意語

• eke out