Toutとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 touten (“to jut out, protrude, gaze upon, observe, peer”), from 古期英語 *tūtian (“to be sticking out, protrude”), related to 古期英語 tȳtan (“to stand out, be conspicuous, shine”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tut(t)- (“to stick out, project”). Compare Icelandic túta (“a teat-like prominence”), tútna (“to be blown up”). Possibly influenced by dialectal toot (“to stick out; project; peer out; peep”), from 中期英語 toten, totien, from 古期英語 tōtian (“to peep out; look; pry; spectate”). Compare also 古期英語 tot, ġetot (“pomp, splendour, vainglory”).

発音

• IPA: /taʊt/
• (Canada) IPA: /tʌʊt/
• 韻: -aʊt

名詞

tout (plural touts)

1. Someone advertising for customers in an aggressive way.

   Synonyms: barker, pitchman, (Australia) spruiker

   Be careful of the ticket touts outside the arena; they are famed for selling counterfeits.

   • 1886, Henry James, The Princess Casamassima, London: Macmillan and Co.:

     Paul Muniment looked at his young friend a moment. 'Do you want to know what he is? He's a tout.'
     'A tout? What do you mean?'
     'Well, a cat's-paw, if you like better.'

2. A person at a racecourse who offers supposedly inside information on which horse is likely to win.
   • 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Hocussing of Cigarette”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:

     No one, however, would have anything to do with him, as Mr. Keeson's orders in those respects were very strict ; he had often threatened any one of his employés with instant dismissal if he found him in company with one of these touts.

3. (colloquial) An informer in the Irish Republican Army.
   • 2011, Hugh Jordan, Milestones in Murder: Defining Moments in Ulster's Terror War:

     The Derry Brigade of the IRA thought it had got rid of its informer problem when earlier that year it executed Paddy Flood as a tout, after holding him for six weeks.

4. (colloquial, archaic) A spy for a smuggler, thief, or the like.

派生語

• ticket tout

動詞

tout (third-person singular simple present touts, present participle touting, simple past and past participle touted)

1. (transitive) To flaunt, to publicize/publicise; to boast or brag about; to promote.

   Mary has been touted as a potential successor to the current CEO.

   • 2016 January 25, “Why Arabs would regret a toothless Chinese dragon”, in The National, retrieved 25 January 2016:

     China has touted its policy of non-interference for decades.

   • 2012, Scott Tobias, “The Hunger Games”, in The A.V. Club:

     For the 75 years since a district rebellion was put down, The Games have existed as an assertion of the Capital’s power, a winner-take-all contest that touts heroism and sacrifice—participants are called “tributes”— while pitting the districts against each other.

   • 2018, James Lambert, “A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide‎, page 9:

     Newspaper articles also were generally positive in tone, although a tendency towards sensationalism means that the spread of hybrid forms is occasionally touted as the universal language of the future.

2. (UK, slang, horse-racing, transitive) To spy out information about (a horse, a racing stable, etc.).
3. (US, slang, horse-racing, transitive) To give a tip on (a racehorse) to a person, with the expectation of sharing in any winnings.
4. (UK, slang, horse-racing, intransitive) To spy out the movements of racehorses at their trials, or to get by stealth or other improper means the secrets of the stable, for betting purposes.
5. (US, slang, horse-racing, intransitive) To act as a tout; to give a tip on a racehorse.
6. (intransitive) To look for, try to obtain; used with for.
   • March 1, 2016, Ben Judah on BBC Business Daily:

     To understand the new London, I lived it. I slept rough with Roma beggars and touted for work with Baltic laborers on the kerb.

7. (obsolete) To look upon or watch.
   • 1600, Edward Fairfax, The Jerusalem Delivered of Tasso, X, lvi:

     Nor durst Orcanes view the Soldan's face, / But still upon the floor did pore and tout.

同意語

• pimp
• pitch
• promote
• spruik

語源 2

Probably from French tout (“all”).

名詞

tout

1. (card games) In the game of solo, a proposal to win all eight tricks.

参考

• tout court
• mangetout
• tout ensemble