nitorとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈniː.tɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈniː.tor]

動詞

nītor (present infinitive nītī, perfect active nīsus sum or nīxus sum); third conjugation, deponent

1. (lit.) to bear or rest upon something, lean on
   • Plautus, The Rope III, 3, 33:

     Ambae te opsecramus, aram amplexantes hanc tuam lacrumantes, genibus nixae

     We both entreat you, clinging to this altar of yours in tears and resting upon our knees

   • Ovid, Fasti III, 751:

     Ramoso stipite nixus

     Leaning upon a branchy log

2. (fig.) to be supported by; to rely on; to trust; to be based on
   • Cicero, De Officiis I, 122:

     Quorum consilio atque auctoritate nitatur

     [so as to] be supported by their advise and their reputation

   • Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum III, IX:

     Nunc si ita sunt quae speras, sustinebimus nos et spe qua iubes nitemur

     Now if things are as you hope, I shall keep going and trust to the hope which you tell me to trust

3. to press forward, advance
4. to mount, climb, ascend; fly
5. to strain in giving birth; bring forth
6. (figuratively) to strive, struggle, exert oneself, make an effort, labor, endeavor

   Synonyms: lūctor, certō, cōnītor, cōnor, temptō, ēlabōrō, appetō, īnsequor, affectō, tendō, quaerō, studeō, contendō, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, ēnītor, adnītor, labōrō, spectō

   • c. 42 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Catilinae:

     Omnīs hominēs quī sēsē student praestāre cēterīs animālibus summā ope nītī decet nē vītam silentiō trānseant veluti pecora

     It is suitable for all who wish to be better than animals to struggle with their best effort in order not to go through life in silence like cattle.

7. (figuratively) to try to prove, contend in argument, argue
8. (figuratively) to rest, rely, depend upon
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.13:

     Se ita a patribus maioribusque suis didicisse, ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent aut insidiis niterentur

     The Helvetii had learned from their fathers and ancestors to fight their battles with great virtue, not deception or by relying on trickery

Conjugation

派生語

語源 2

From niteō (“I shine”) +‎ -or.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnɪ.tɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈniː.tor]

名詞

nitor m (genitive nitōris); third declension

1. brightness, splendor, lustre, sheen

   Synonyms: fulgur, fulgor, clāritas̄, clāritūdō

2. sleekness, good looks, beauty, glamour
3. neatness, smartness, elegance, brilliancy
4. (of speech) splendor, elegance, polish, grace
5. (of character) dignity, excellence

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

関連する語

派生した語

• → Italian: nitore

参照

• “nītor, nīsus, nixus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “nītor, nīsus, nixus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “nitor, -ōris”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “nitor, -ōris”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “nitor”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Forcellini, Egidio; Furlanetto, Giuseppe (ed.); Corradini, Francesco (ed.); and Perin, Giuseppe (ed.) (1733-1965). Lexicon Totius Latinitatis. Bologna: Arnaldo Forni. Vol. III. p. 376.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • it is a matter of conjecture, supposition: aliquid coniectura nititur, continetur (Div. 1. 14. 24)
    
  • to cherish a hope: spe duci, niti, teneri
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 410-411
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 313
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 608
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 163
• A. V. Shatskov (June 2019), “HITT. NININK- AND LAT. NĪTOR”, in Indo-European linguistics and classical philology, volume 23, Institute for Linguistic Studies,, →DOI