nitrogenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from French nitrogène (coined by French chemist and physician Jean-Antoine Chaptal in 1790). By surface analysis, nitro- +‎ -gen. See also niter.

発音

• enPR: nī′trə-jən, IPA: /ˈnaɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/, [ˈnɐɪ.t͡ʃʰɹə.d͡ʒən]

• (Canada, Scotland) IPA: /ˈnʌɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˈnɑɪ.tɹə.d͡ʒən/
• (Scotland) IPA: /ˈnəi.tɹə.d͡ʒən/
• (India) IPA: /ˈnaj.ʈɾo.d͡ʒen/
• 韻: -aɪtɹəd͡ʒən
• ハイフネーション: ni‧tro‧gen

名詞

nitrogen (countable and uncountable, plural nitrogens)

1. (uncountable) The chemical element with an atomic number of 7 and atomic weight of 14.0067. It is a colorless and odorless gas.

   Alternative form: N (symbol)

   Holonyms: dinitrogen, N₂, nitrogen (loose sense)

   By molar fraction, nitric oxide contains equal parts nitrogen and oxygen.

   • 2006, Michael Pollan, The Omnivore's Dilemma, The Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 42:

     All life depends on nitrogen; it is the building block from which nature assembles amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids; the genetic information that orders and perpetuates life is written in nitrogen ink.

2. (loose but very common, even in formal use; uncountable) Molecular nitrogen (diatomic nitrogen), N₂, a colorless, odorless gas at room temperature, which constitutes most of air (78% of it).

   Alternative form: N₂ (symbol)

   Synonym: dinitrogen

   Meronyms: nitrogen (strict sense), N

   The air you breathe is mostly nitrogen.

   The truck was carrying tanks of nitrogen, so there was no fire risk. Police stated that if the truck had been carrying tanks of oxygen, as it often does, there might have been an explosion.

   • 1997, A. J. Taylor, D. S. Mothram, editors, Flavour Science: Recent Developments‎, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 63:

     Volatiles of kecap manis and its raw materials were extracted using Likens-Nickerson apparatus with diethyl ether as the extraction solvent. The extracts were then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated using a rotary evaporator followed by flushing using nitrogen until the volume was about 0.5 ml.

3. (countable) A specific nitrogen atom within a chemical formula, or a specific isotope of nitrogen.

   The two nitrogens are located next to one another on the ring.

同意語

• azote (obsolete)
• E941 when used as a packaging gas or propellant

派生語

関連する語

参考

• aqua fortis
• aqua regia
• laughing gas
• saltpeter, saltpetre

参照

• Nitrogen on the British Royal Society of Chemistry's online periodic table

アナグラム

• ringtone, Notinger, ring tone, retoning, integron