officioとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Proto-Italic *opifakjō. Equivalent to ob- (“against”) +‎ faciō (“make, act”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɔfˈfɪ.ki.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ofˈfiː.t͡ʃi.o]

動詞

officiō (present infinitive officere, perfect active offēcī, supine offectum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to obstruct, hinder, block

   Synonyms: supprimō, intersaepiō, moror, prohibeō, impediō, refrēnō, obstruō, dētineō, retineō, arceō, cohibeō, inclūdō, perimō, obstō, tardō, premō, reprimō, saepiō, comprimō, sustentō

   Antonyms: līberō, eximō, vindicō, servō, exonerō, absolvō, excipiō, ēmittō

2. (figuratively) to stand in the way of, oppose

   Synonyms: adversor, obstō, resistō, vetō, dīvertō, restō, recūsō, subsistō, repugnō, refrāgor, oppōnō, obversor

3. to be detrimental or hurtful to (+ dative)

   Antonyms: iuvō, adiuvō, foveō, assistō, prōficiō, prōsum, adiūtō

Conjugation

名詞

officiō n

1. dative/ablative singular of officium

派生語

• ex officio

参照

• “officio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “officio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: rationibus alicuius prospicere or consulere (opp. officere, obstare, adversari)
    
  • to obscure the mental vision: mentis quasi luminibus officere (vid. sect. XIII. 6) or animo caliginem offundere
    
  • to obstruct a person's view, shut out his light by building: luminibus alicuius obstruere, officere
    
  • (ambiguous) to perform the last rites for a person: supremo officio in aliquem fungi
    
  • (ambiguous) to do one's duty: officio suo satisfacere (Div. in Caec. 14. 47)
    
  • (ambiguous) to do one's duty: officio suo fungi
    
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: ab officio discedere
    
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: de, ab officio decedere
    
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: officio suo deesse (Fam. 7. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) to remain faithful to one's duty: in officio manere (Att. 1. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) to let oneself be perverted from one's duty: ab officio abduci, avocari
    
  • (ambiguous) without violating, neglecting one's duty: salvo officio (Off. 3. 1. 4)
    
  • (ambiguous) to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites coercere et in officio continere (B. C. 1. 67. 4)
    
  • (ambiguous) to keep some one in subjection: aliquem in officio continere
    
  • (ambiguous) to remain in subjection: in officio manere, permanere
    
• officio in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016