propositionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 proposicioun, from Old French proposicion, from Latin prōpositiō, from the verb prōponō.

発音

• (General American, dialects of Canada) enPR: prŏ'pə-zĭshʹən IPA: /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
• 韻: -ɪʃən
• ハイフネーション: prop‧o‧si‧tion

名詞

proposition (countable and uncountable, plural propositions)

1. (uncountable) The act of offering (an idea) for consideration.
2. (countable) An idea, plan, or suggestion offered.
   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again; for, even after she had conquered her love for the Celebrity, the mortification of having been jilted by him remained.

   • 2012, Taylor Swift, “Girl at Home”, in Red‎, performed by Taylor Swift:

     And it would be a fine proposition
     If I was a stupid girl
     But honey, I am no one's exception
     This I have previously learned

   1. (informal) A suggestion of sexual intercourse (made to someone with whom one is not sexually involved).
      • 2023 June 25, HarryBlank, “Transposthumousism”, in SCP Foundation‎, archived from the original on 31 December 2024:

        Quinn looked into the intersection. Tonya was standing in the middle of it, stance wide, taser in both hands, Quinn's rickshaw on the sidewalk behind her.
        "Ow," said Quinn, and it came out just shy of a proposition.

3. (countable, business settings) The terms of a transaction offered.
4. (countable, US, politics) In some states, a proposed statute or constitutional amendment to be voted on by the electorate.
5. (grammar) A complete sentence.
   • c. 1888, The Popular Educator: a Complete Encyclopaedia of Elementary, Advanced, and Technical Education. New and Revised Edition. Volume I., page 98:

     Our English nouns remain unchanged, whether they form the subject or the object of a proposition.

6. (countable, logic) The content of an assertion that may be taken as being true or false and is considered abstractly without reference to the linguistic sentence that constitutes the assertion; (Aristotelian logic) a predicate of a subject that is denied or affirmed and is connected by a copula.

   “Wiktionary is a good dictionary” is a proposition.

7. (countable, mathematics) An assertion so formulated that it can be considered true or false.
8. (countable, mathematics) An assertion which is provably true, but not important enough to be called a theorem.
9. A statement of religious doctrine; an article of faith; a creed.

   the propositions of Wyclif and Huss

   • 1668, Jeremy Taylor, “Twenty-seven Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […]: Sermon XXI. [Of Christian Prudence.] Part II.”, in Reginald Heber, editor, The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Jeremy Taylor, D.D. […], volume VI, London: Ogle, Duncan, and Co. […]; and Richard Priestley, […], published 1822, →OCLC, page 113:

     There are some persons, whose religion is hugely disgraced, because they change their propositions, according as their temporal necessities or advantages do return.

10. (poetic) The part of a poem in which the author states the subject or matter of it.
11. Misspelling of preposition.

同意語

• (act of offering an idea for consideration): proposal, suggestion
• (idea or plan offered): proposal, suggestion
• (terms offered): proposal
• (content of an assertion): statement
• (proposed statute or constitutional amendment):

派生語

動詞

proposition (third-person singular simple present propositions, present participle propositioning, simple past and past participle propositioned)

1. (transitive, informal) To make an offer or suggestion to (someone).
   • 1984 April 7, anonymous author, “Isolate and Conquer”, in Gay Community News, page 12:

     The Superintendent of the facility tried to proposition with me that if I snitched to the guards and would work with him, then he would put my friend and me back together again.

   1. (transitive, informal) To make a suggestion of sexual intercourse to (someone with whom one is not sexually involved).

      Synonyms: pass, come on to, hit on

同意語

• make a pass

関連する語

• propose

アナグラム

• opistoporin