propriusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈprɔ.pri.ʊs], [ˈprɔp.ri.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈprɔː.pri.us], [ˈprɔp.ri.us]

形容詞

proprius (feminine propria, neuter proprium); first/second-declension adjective

1. appropriate to oneself: (one's) proper, (one's) own (inalienably)
2. belonging to oneself as property, or goods: (one's) own (alienably)
   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.11.24:

     aliī dīvidunt propria et dītiōrēs fīunt aliī rapiunt nōn sua et semper in egestāte sunt

     Some distribute their own goods, and grow richer: others take away what is not their own, and are always in want. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)

3. particular to one individual, group, or case: characteristic, distinctive, eccentric, idiosyncratic, individual, specialized
4. going on without end: lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual
   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 959–961:

     PAMPHILUS: Ego deōrum vītam proptereā sempiternam esse arbitror / quod voluptātēs eōrum propriae sunt; nam mihi immortālitās / parta est, sī nūlla aegritūdō huic gaudiō intercesserit.

     PAMPHILUS: That’s why I believe the life of gods to be eternal — because their own pleasures are permanent. For [this same reason], my immortality has been secured — if no grief interferes with this joy.

5. not shared with others: personal, private, exclusive

   Antonym: commūnis

6. (of activities) proper to, characteristic of a given set of persons or things
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.12:

     Quārē, quoniam id, quod est prīmum, et quod huius imperiī disciplīnaeque maiōrum proprium est, facere nōndum audeō, faciam id, quod est ad sevēritātem lēnius et ad commūnem salūtem ūtilius.

     Therefore, since I do not yet dare to do that which is best — and which is characteristic of this authority and the discipline of our ancestors — I will do that which, in regard to severity, is milder, and in regard to the common welfare, more useful.

7. (of words) proper, literal, strict

   Antonyms: trā(ns)lāticius, trā(ns)lātus

   1. concrete, specific
   2. used of proper nouns

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

参考

• pecūliāris
• prīvātus
• suus

参照

Further reading

• “proprius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “proprius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "proprius", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “proprius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the proper term; a word used strictly: vocabulum proprium
    
  • something is a characteristic of a man: aliquid est proprium alicuius
    

• “proprius” on page 1646 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 829