panisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Of uncertain origin. Usually explained as a derivation of Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to graze”), via earlier Proto-Italic *pāstnis (compare pāstillus (“cake, pastille”) and supine pāstum). However, compare pānus, pānicum (“ear of millet”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpaː.nɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpaː.nis]

名詞

pānis m (genitive pānis); third declension

1. bread, loaf

   Pānem nostrum quotīdiānum dā nōbīs hodiē. ― Give us this day our daily bread.

   • 20 BCE – 14 BCE, Horace, Epistles IX.9–11:

     Quid quaeris? Vivo et regno, simul ista reliqui
     Quae vos ad caelum fertis rumore secundo,
     Utque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso,
     Pane egeo iam mellitis potiore placentis.

     What do you want from me? I live, I am my own master, I left behind the self same things you by common approval so eagerly covet, like the fugitive I have no right to the priest's blessed cake, but bread will quench my hunger over any honeyed delicacy.

2. (figuratively) food or nourishment in general, whether physical or spiritual
3. a mass in the shape of a loaf

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

語形変化

• The genitive plural is rare. The form pānium is found in Charisius, quoting Caesar, but Priscian specifies the form as pānum.

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “panis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “panis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "panis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “panis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to give a person poison in bread: dare venenum in pane
    
  • ordinary bread: panis cibarius
    
• “panis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

アナグラム

• spina