quiescoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [kʷiˈeːs.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kʷiˈɛs.ko]

Aulus Gellius (Noctes Atticae, c. 177) reports that the "e" in this verb was short in the usual pronunciation of his time: a friend of his appealed to common usage when challenged by another friend who argued that it should be long by analogy with the long ē in calēscit, nitēscit, stupēscit and in quiēs. On the other hand, there is evidence for a pronunciation with long "e" in the form of inscriptions that mark the vowel with an apex (CIL VI.6250 and 25521.)

動詞

quiēscō (present infinitive quiēscere, perfect active quiēvī, supine quiētum); third conjugation, no passive

1. to rest, sleep, repose

   Synonyms: cessō, dormiō, conquiēscō, requiēscō, acquiēscō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.523–524:

     [...,] silvaeque et saeva quiērant / aequora [...].

     [It was night…,] and the forests and fearsome seas had come to rest [...].
     (Syncopated pluperfect: quiē[vē]rant)

2. to cause to cease, stop, render quiet
3. (especially of inanimate objects) to be still or quiet, lie still
4. to remain neutral, abstain from action, keep quiet, stand by
   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 604:

     DĀVUS: Hem, āstūtiās! Quod sī quiēssem, nihil ēvēnisset malī.

     DAVUS: Oh, how clever [I've been]! Had I stayed out [of it], nothing bad would have happened.

5. (in speech) to make a pause
6. (figuratively) to suffer or allow quietly; permit

   Synonym: cōnīveō

7. (figuratively) to cease, leave off or desist from something

   Synonyms: cessō, subsistō, dēsistō, remittō, dēsinō, sistō, conticēscō, trānseō

   Antonyms: coepiō, incohō, incipiō

Conjugation

At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

派生語

関連する語

• quiēs
• quiētūdō

派生した語

• Franco-Provençal: queissier
• Romansch: quescher ("be silent")
• Sicilian: quèscere (“satisfy the body”, Manduriano dialect)
• → English: quiesce, quiescent
• → Italian: quiescere
• Spanish: quiescente

参照

Further reading

• “quiesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “quiesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “quiesco”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “quiēscĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1469