seljukとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Ottoman Turkish سلجوق (selcuk), ultimately from Old Anatolian Turkish سلجك (sälcük) attested in the Dede Korkut and Karakhanid سلجك (Selcuk) attested in Mahmud al-Kashgari's Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, of uncertain etymology. Compare modern Turkish Selçuk.

Pelliot & al. favored derivation via Arabic سَلْجُوق (Saljūq) from Proto-Oghuz [Term?] (*Sälčük), following some accounts taking the name from Proto-Turkic *sāl (“raft”) + *-čük (“-ock, -let: forming diminutives”) from the warlord's supposed birth on a raft on the Syr Darya. There are other early Persian and Arabic transcriptions, however, including سلجوك (Saljūk), سلچوق (Salčūq), and سلجق (Saljuq). Some sources take the original form of the name to have been *Salçuğ or *Salçığ with the meaning "one who fights", "disputes", or "struggles". Some arguing for an original pronunciation of [Term?] (*Selčük) or [Term?] (*Selčuk) would derive it from an early borrowing of Persian سیل (seyl, “flood”) + *-čük (“-ock, -let: forming diminutives”); others from *Sel as an earlier name of the Muztagh Ata in the Eastern Pamirs. Caferoğlu and Gedikli argue for derivation from a modified borrowing of Old Uyghur clean, pure (sil) + Proto-Turkic *-čük.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈsɛld͡ʒuːk/
• (米国発音) IPA: /sɛlˈd͡ʒuːk/

固有名詞

Seljuk

1. Seljuk Bey, the legendary founder of an Oghuz Turk dynasty that ruled an eponymous Sunni Muslim empire in Southwest Asia and numerous successor states, particularly in Anatolia.

   ...the House of Seljuk...

2. A unisex given name from Turkish.

派生語

形容詞

Seljuk (not comparable)

1. Of or related to Seljuk, to his dynasty, to their empire in southwestern Asia, or to the period of their rule from the 11th–14th centuries.

   Seljuk architecture

   • 1947, Faenza:

     The designs, it is true, are more Seljuk than Ottoman (11). But Miletus was never really a Seljuk city, and of course at Constantinople the Ottomans succeeded directly to the Byzantines.

   • 1971, History Today:

     Like so many other Anatolian strongholds , Nicaea had become Seljuk without a fight, and almost at Byzantine invitation. The Turks found themselves in possession of a still impressive city.

   • 1992, Robertson McCarta, Nelles Guide: Turkey, Seven Hills Books, →ISBN:

     Manisa became Seljuk in 1313 and Ottoman in 1390. The Ottoman sultans Murat II and Murat III were particularly fond of Manisa and happily resided here.

   • 1989, Marianne Mehling, Turkey, Phaidon Press:

     It became Seljuk in the 11C and Mongol in the 13C. The important medieval trading centre was used from the 16C as the residence of the 'Begs', Kurdish feudal lords who were able to maintain their independence of the Ottoman Empire ...

   • 2014, Dimitri Korobeinikov, Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century, OUP Oxford, →ISBN, page 142:

     This unhappy peace had been signed by March 1206 (the terminus ad quem). Given that between 13 April and 6 July 1204 Laodikeia became Seljuk, that in August (the terminus post quem) of the same year Kay-Khusraw I refused to cede Laodikeia and Chonai to Theodore I, […]

   • 2016, Kallirroe Linardou, Leslie Brubaker, Eat, Drink, and Be Merry (Luke 12:19) – Food and Wine in Byzantium: Papers of the 37th Annual Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, In Honour of Professor A.A.M. Bryer, Routledge, →ISBN:

     Maurozome's possessions, Laodikeia and Chonai, which had been given to him according to the treaty between Theodore I and the sultan by March 1206, finally became Seljuk in AH 603 (8 August 1206 - 27 July 1207).

   • 2018, Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon, The Archaeology of Anatolia Volume II: Recent Discoveries (2015-2016), Cambridge Scholars Publishing, →ISBN, page 113:

     Metal objects retrieved from these rooms look distinctly more Seljuk than Byzantine in nature and have resulted in our re-evaluation of when the site may have been abandoned.

同意語

• Seljukian, Seljukid

派生語

名詞

Seljuk (plural Seljuks)

1. A member of the Seljuk dynasty.
2. A person of the Seljuk empire.

   the Great Seljuks

同意語

• Seljukian, Seljukid

参照

• Yusuf Gedikli, "'Selçuk' Kişi Adının Köken ve Anlami (Etimolojisi)", Papers, 38th International Congress of Asian & North African Studies, Ataturk Supreme Council for Culture, Language, and History, 2007.
• Abdülkerim Özaydin, "Selçuk Bey", Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Vol. 36, pp. 364–365.
• 《聖武親征錄》 [Shèngwǔ Qīnzhēng Lù], translated by Paul Pelliot & al. as Histoire des Campagnes de Genghis Khan, 1951, p. 399.