sicilisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsɪ.kɪ.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsiː.t͡ʃi.lis]

名詞

sicilis f (genitive sicilis); third declension (rare)

1. sickle

   Synonyms: falx, falcula, sēcula

   • Gaius Plinius Secundus, Naturalis Historia 6.38:

     Inrumpit autem artis faucibus et in longitudinem spatiosis, atque ubi coepit in latitudinem pandi lunatis obliquatur cornibus, velut ad Maeotium lacum ab ore descendens, sicilis, ut auctor est M. Varro, similitudine.

     • 1942 translation by H. Rackham

       Its waters make their way into this sea by a narrow mouth of considerable length; and where it begins to widen out it curves obliquely with crescent-shaped horns, as though descending from the mouth to the Sea of Azov, in the likeness of a sickle, as Marcus Varro states.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

派生した語

• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: seatsiri
  • Romanian: secere
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *sicila, *sicilāre (see there for further descendants)
• → Proto-West Germanic: *sikilu (see there for further descendants)

語源 2

From sīca +‎ -īlis.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [siːˈkiː.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [siˈt͡ʃiː.lis]

名詞

sīcīlis f (genitive sīcīlis); third declension (rare)

1. spearhead
   • 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales 479, (fragment per Paul the Deacon's epitome of Festus, glossed there as "hastarum spicula lata". Some manuscripts instead use the spelling "sicilīcibus", but this seems to be a corruption.):

     i͞ncēdi͞t vēle͞s vo͞lgō sīcīlĭbŭs lātīs

     the skirmisher advances all over with broad/widespread spearheads

   • c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 10.25.2:

     Telorum iaculorum gladiorumque vocabula, quae in historiis veteribus scripta sunt, item navigiorum genera et nomina libitum forte nobis est sedentibus in reda conquirere, ne quid malarum ineptiarum vacantem stupentemque animum occuparet. Quae tum igitur suppetierant, haec sunt: hasta, pilum, phalarica, semiphalarica, soliferrea, gaesa, lancea, spari, rumices, trifaces, tragulae, frameae, mesanculae, cateiae, rumpiae, scorpii, sibones, siciles, veruta, enses, sicae, machaerae, spathae, lingulae, pugiones, clunacula.

     • 1927 translation by J. C. Rolfe

       Once upon a time, when I was riding in a carriage, to keep my mind from being dull and unoccupied and a prey to worthless trifles, it chanced to occur to me to try to recall the names of weapons, darts and swords which are found in the early histories, and also the various kinds of boats and their names. Those, then, of the former that came to mind at the time are the following: spear, pike, fire-pike, half-pike, iron bolt, Gallic spear, lance, hunting-darts, javelins, long bolts, barbed-javelins, German spears, thronged-javelin, Gallic bolt, broadswords, poisoned arrows, Illyrian hunting-spears, cimeters, darts, swords, daggers, broadswords, double-edged swords, smallswords, poniards, cleavers.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

• sīcīlicus

参照

Further reading

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “sĭcĭlis”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 11: S–Si, page 591
• “sicilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "sicilis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• sicilis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “sicilis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers