afficioとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Proto-Italic *adfakjō. Equivalent to ad- +‎ faciō (“do, make”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [afˈfɪ.ki.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [afˈfiː.t͡ʃi.o]

動詞

afficiō (present infinitive afficere, perfect active affēcī, supine affectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation

1. to cause someone to experience something; to visit, inflict, bestow [with ablative ‘something’ and accusative ‘on someone’]

   iniūriā afficere aliquem ― to wrong someone

   laude afficere aliquem ― to praise someone

   dolōre afficī ― to feel pain

2. to treat, manage, handle
3. to influence, have an effect on

   Synonyms: perpellō, īnfluō

4. to attack, afflict, weaken, impair

   Synonyms: atterō, frangō, effēminō, tenuō, minuō, dēterō, cōnsūmō

   Antonyms: firmō, cōnfirmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, sistō

Conjugation

The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

派生語

• affectus
• sepultūrā afficiō

派生した語

• → English: affect

参照

• “affĭcĭo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “adfĭcio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 35.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing makes a pleasant impression on the senses: aliquid sensus suaviter afficit
    
  • to bury a person: sepultura aliquem afficere
    
  • to be in a dilemma; in difficulties: angustiis premi, difficultatibus affici
    
  • to suffer loss, harm, damage: damno affici
    
  • to inconvenience, injure a person: incommodo afficere aliquem
    
  • to do any one a service or kindness: beneficio aliquem afficere, ornare
    
  • to remunerate (handsomely): praemiis (amplissimis, maximis) aliquem afficere
    
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem
    
  • to confer undying fame on, immortalise some one: aliquem immortali gloria afficere
    
  • to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    
  • to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person: aliquem ignominia afficere, notare
    
  • to give pleasure to some one: afficere aliquem gaudio, laetitia
    
  • to feel pain: dolore affici
    
  • to be vexed, mortified, anxious: aegritudine, sollicitudine affici
    
  • to long for a thing, yearn for it: desiderio alicuius rei teneri, affici (more strongly flagrare, incensum esse)
    
  • to be admired: admiratione affici
    
  • to wrong a person: iniuria afficere aliquem
    
  • to insult some one: contumelia aliquem afficere
    
  • to punish by banishment: aliquem exsilio afficere, multare
    
  • to enslave a free people: liberum populum servitute afficere
    
  • to punish some one: poena afficere aliquem (Off. 2. 5. 18)
    
  • to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici
    
• “afficiō” on pages 78–79 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “afficere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 28/1