custosとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkʌ.stɒs/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈkʌˌstɑs/, /-ˌstoʊs/

名詞

custos (plural custodes)

1. (obsolete) A warden.
   • c. 1530, John Rastell, The Pastyme of People: The Cronycles of Dyuers Realmys‎, London:

     […] they were commytted to prison & put out of theyr offyces & the Constable of the Towre made custos of the citye.

   • 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons‎, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 5, p. 148:

     Mr. Tharp, the Custos of the parish, and several other gentlement, accompanied the corps.

2. (Roman Catholicism) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order.
3. (music, historical) In older forms of musical notation, an indication, at the end of a line of music, of the first note of the next line.

派生語

• custos regni
• custos rotulorum

アナグラム

• costus, SCOTUS, Scotus, scouts, Scouts

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkʊs.toːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkus.t̪os]

名詞

custōs m (genitive custōdis); third declension

1. a guard, protector, watchman

   Synonyms: praesidium, appāritor

2. a guardian, tutor
   • Pius V, Missale Romanum (1962):

     Virginum custōs et pater, sāncte Iōsēph, cuius fidēlī custōdiae, ipsa innocentia, Chrīstus Iēsūs, et virgō virginum, Marīa, commissa fuit; tē per hoc utrumque carissimum pignus Iēsum et Marīam obsecrō et obtestor, ut mē, ab omnī immunditiā praeservātum, mente incontaminātā, pūrō corde et castō corpore Iēsū et Marīae semper faciās castissimē famulārī. Āmēn.

     Oh guardian of virgins and father, Saint Joseph, to whose faithful custody innocence itself, Christ Jesus, and the virgin of virgins, Mary, was entrusted. By this most dear charge, Jesus and Mary, I beg and beseech [thee] that I may be preserved from all uncleanness, and that thou wouldst make it so that, with an undefiled mind, and with a pure heart, and with a chaste body, I might always most chastely serve Jesus and Mary. Amen

3. a jailer
4. a keeper, custodian

   Synonyms: dēfēnsor, vindex, praeses, appāritor

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.109–111:

     Invitent croceis [apes] halantes floribus horti
     Et custos furum atque avium cum falce saligna
     Hellespontiaci servet tutela Priapi.

     May gardens bright, fragrant with flower, lure them [the bees] and Hellespontian Priap with his willow scythe the robbing bee and the birds keep away.

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

• Late Latin: custor (see there for further descendants)
• → English: custos
• → Finnish: kustos
• → German: Kustos
• → Italian: custode
• → Old French: custode
  • Middle French: custode

参照

Further reading

• “custos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “custos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "custos", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “custos”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.