cildとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /t͡ʃild/, [t͡ʃiɫd]

名詞

ċild n

1. child
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Basilius, Bishop"

     He be-het þæt he wolde and se halga ge-bæd for þæt seoce cyld and him wæs sona bet.

     He promised that he would, and the saint prayed for the sick child, and he was instantly better.

   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy

     Þā ċildru rīdaþ on heora stafum and maniġfealde plegan plegaþ þǣr hīe hyriaþ ealdum mannum.

     The children ride their sticks and play all kinds of games where they imitate adults.

   • c. 992, Ælfric, “The Deposition of St. Cuthbert, Bishop”

     Sē ēadega Cūðbeorht, þā þā hē wæs eahtawintre ċild, rann swā swā him his nytenlīċe ield tyhte plegende mid his efnealdum.

     The blessed Cuthbert, when he was an eight-year-old child, was running around like his innocent age urged him to do and playing with his peers.

2. baby
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 2:12

     Ġē ġemētaþ ān ċild hræġlum bewunden and on binne āleġd.

     You will find a baby wrapped in swaddling clothes and lying in a manger.

使用する際の注意点

• Ċild and bearn both translate "child," but they bear somewhat different shades of meaning. Bearn refers to a child of someone, and is most often found in possessive phrases such as "his child" and "her child"—like Modern English "son" and "daughter," but gender-neutral. Ċild only occasionally appears in those contexts but is the default word in all others—a gender-neutral term for "boy" or "girl." This difference can be seen in derived compounds such as ċildhād (“childhood”) and bearnlīest (“childlessness”). Another Old English word for a child is reconstructed as *gyrele.

語形変化

Strong z-stem:

Also often appears as an a-stem: Strong a-stem:

同意語

• bearn
• lȳtling

下位語

• cniht (“boy”)
• mæġden (“girl”)

派生語

• ċildclāþ (“swaddling cloth”)
• ċildfēdende (“nursing”)
• ċildhād (“childhood”)
• ċildhama (“womb”)
• ċildisċ (“childish”)
• ċildlīċ (“childlike”)
• ċildra hierde (“pedagogue”)
• ċildra mæssedæġ (“Childermas”)
• cnihtċild (“male child”)
• cradolċild (“baby”)
• hyseċild (“male child”)
• fōstorċild (“foster child”)
• mǣġċild (“child relative”)
• mæġdenċild (“female child”)
• munucċild (“child training to be a monk”)
• leornungċild (“student”)
• stēopċild (“orphan”)
• wǣpnedċild (“male child”)
• wīfċild (“female child”)

派生した語

• Middle English: child
  • English: child
  • Scots: child