dystopiaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From dys- +‎ -topia, as if from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad”) + τόπος (tópos, “place, region”) + -ία (-ía), based on utopia being reinterpreted as eu-topia.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /dɪsˈtəʊ.pi.ə/
• (General American) IPA: /dɪsˈtoʊ.pi.ə/
• (General Australian) IPA: /dɪsˈtɐʉpiə/
• 韻: -əʊpiə

名詞

dystopia (countable and uncountable, plural dystopia or dystopias or dystopiae)

1. A miserable, dysfunctional state or society that has a very poor standard of living or severe censorship, oppression, etc.

   Synonyms: cacotopia, anti-utopia

   Antonym: utopia

   • 1978 November 19, Martin Amis, “A Stoked‐Up 1976”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     As novelist, he knows, too, that when he sees the future, it will not work—he will automatically be creating a “dystopia” (no one creates utopias any more: even the utopias of the past look like dystopias to us).

   • 1997, Jeff Yang, Dina Gan, Terry Hong, the staff of A. Magazine, Eastern Standard Time: A Guide to Asian Influence on American Culture: from Astro Boy to Zen Buddhism, Mariner Books, →ISBN, page 57:

     2. FEAR OF TECHNOLOGY/THE BOMB/THE FUTURE—Progress run amok, either in the form of cybernetic creatures that turn against their masters, or future dystopiae in which society is controlled by technology.

   • 1997, Jacqueline Foertsch, “The Bomb Next Door: Four Postwar Alterapocalyptics”, in Genre, page 346:

     Erich Fromm, who has commented on 1984 and other dystopiae in postmodern literature discovers a mechanized dystopia in the text of existence itself in the ’50s and ’60s—a “technological nightmare” that had turned people into zombies and made the darkest alternative to “boring aliveness” seem attractive.

   • 1999, Mick Farren, Jim Morrison’s Adventures in the Afterlife, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, front flap – back flap:

     [Aimee Semple] McPherson’s sexier half becomes the object of Jim [Morrison]’s obsession, and as the two struggle to find each other in this disordered land, their wild, careening chase through a dozen dystopiae recalls imagined worlds as diverse as Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange and Terry Gilliam’s movie Brazil.

   • 2003, Judith Fitzgerald, Adagios: Iphigenia’s Song, Oberon Press, →ISBN, page 50:

     Recollections tattooed with stiletto reasons and a sorrowful slant of light admitting of dystopiae already petrified in progress.

   • 2003, Luciano Pellicani, Revolutionary Apocalypse: Ideological Roots of Terrorism, Westport, Conn.; London: Praeger, →ISBN, page 233:

     Its function is to legitimate that particular form of moral tribalism based on the “pedagogy of hatred” that [Evgeny] Zamiatin and [George] Orwell described so brilliantly in their dystopiae.

   • 2014 December 11, Megan Willett-Wei, “The 16 Most Disappointing Places To Visit On Earth”, in Business Insider‎:

     But you get to the beach via monorail and you get to the sand and look out to the ocean and all you see is oil tankers and factories spewing smoke on the horizon. It was like some sort of futuristic dystopia.

   • 2017, Kim Newman, Kim Newman’s Video Dungeon: The Collected Reviews, Titan Books, →ISBN:

     Like many dystopiae, it ends up with the lead characters wandering into a sylvan wilderness (an English wood) away from the nasty city.

2. (pathology) Anatomical tissue that is not found in its usual place.

   Synonyms: ectopia, ectopy, heterotopia, malposition

   The patient suffers from adrenal dystopia.

   • 1899, Joshua M. Van Cott, Jr., “Pathology of the Fœtus—Anomalies of the Fœtus”, in Charles Jewett, editor, The Practice of Obstetrics by American Authors, New York, N.Y.; Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea Brothers & Co., part V (Pathology of Pregnancy), page 325:

     2. Dystopiæ of separate organs.

   • 1930 January 16, The New England Journal of Medicine, volume 202, number 3, page 126, column 1:

     Davis, J. E. (J. Urol., Vol. xx-155, 1928), writing on the surgical pathology of malformation in the kidneys and ureters, classifies these anomalies into three groups: (a) anomalies of position (dystopiae).

   • 1968, Walter Ritter, Kraniofaziale Dysplasien und Störungen der Zahnentwicklung:

     While harelips were mostly associated with dystopiae of the incisor teeth, median jaw fusion was accompanied by characteristic dental fusion.

   • 1979, British Journal of Urology, page xlv:

     Surgical treatment of congenital testicular dystopiae. (B. Kleinteich et al.) Zentralbl. Chir. 1979, 104, 736.

派生語

• dystopia canthorum
• dystopian
• dystopic

参考

• dysphoria
• Orwellian

アナグラム

• atypoids