deserve.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 deserven, from Old French deservir, from Latin dēserviō, from dē- + serviō.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA: /dɪˈzɜːv/
• (General American) IPA: /dɪˈzɝv/, /dəˈzɝv/
• (Northumbria) IPA: /dɪˈzɑːv/
• ハイフネーション: de‧serve
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)v

動詞

deserve (third-person singular simple present deserves, present participle deserving, simple past and past participle deserved)

1. (transitive) To be entitled to, as a result of past actions; to be worthy to have.

   After playing so well, the team really deserved their win.

   After what he did, he deserved to go to prison.

   We don't think your article deserves reading.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 11:6:

     God exacteth of thee less than thine iniquity deserveth.

   • 1853, William Makepeace Thackeray, The English Humorists of the Eighteenth Century:

     John Gay deserved to be a favourite.

   • 1967, The Pacific Reporter, page 510:

     the grantees named in the questioned deed executed by their father richly deserved receiving the family home.

   • 2008, Michael Walzer, Spheres Of Justice: A Defense Of Pluralism And Equality, page 24:

     Perhaps they do, but they don't deserve that the rest of us contribute money or appropriate public funds for the purchase of pictures and the construction of buildings.

2. (obsolete) To earn, win.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     That gentle Lady, whom I loue and serue, / After long suit and weary seruicis, / Did aske me, how I could her loue deserue, / And how she might be sure, that I would neuer swerue.

3. (obsolete) To reward, to give in return for service.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter XXX, in Le Morte Darthur, book VIII:

     Gramercy saide the kynge / & I lyue sir Lambegus I shal deserue hit / And thenne sir Lambegus armed hym / and rode after as fast as he myghte

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     Pray you, lead on. At every house I'll call; / I may command at most. Get weapons, ho! / And raise some special officers of night. / On, good Roderigo: I'll deserve your pains.

4. (obsolete) To serve; to treat; to benefit.
   • c. 1619–22, Philip Massinger and John Fletcher, A Very Woman

     A man that hath / So well deserved me.

使用する際の注意点

• This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
• This is generally a stative verb that rarely takes the continuous inflection. See Category:English stative verbs

同意語

• merit
• See also Thesaurus:deserve

派生語

関連する語

• desert
• serve someone right

Further reading

• “deserve”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “deserve”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Veeders, severed