hairshirtとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From hair +‎ shirt.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈhɛəʃɜːt/
• (米国発音) enPR: hârʹshərt, IPA: /ˈhɛɹʃɝt/

名詞

hairshirt (plural hairshirts)

1. A shirt made of haircloth; especially one worn by ascetics or the penitent.

   Synonyms: cilice, horsehair shirt, sackcloth

   • 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 15: Circe]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 466:

     He is practically a total abstainer and I can affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter and eats the most Spartan food, cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt winter and summer and scourges himself every Saturday.

2. (figurative) A state of penitence and humility.
   • 1981 June 21, Joseph Kastner, “Whole Earth Controversy”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, page 71:

     And when he went on to say, “The curse must be within ourselves,” Muir bequeathed us a hairshirt: the guilty conscience that plagues so many of us when we see what we are doing to the rest of nature.

派生語

• hairshirted
• hairshirtism

形容詞

hairshirt (not comparable)

1. (relational) Advocating or adopting a relatively ascetic lifestyle, especially for environmentalist reasons.
   • 1960 October 13, “‘Hairshirt Economists’ Scored For Pushing Public Spending”, in The New York Times‎, page 51:

     The gloomy contentions of “hairshirt economists” who want more public and less private spending were assailed today by Robert W. Sarnoff, chairman of the National Broadcasting Company.

   • 2005 November 6, Juliette Jowit, “Porritt warns greens to mend 'negative' ways”, in The Observer‎, →ISSN:

     No hair-shirt ascetiscism, but far less consumerism, less shopping for the sake of shopping, less conspicuous consumption, less waste. There will be less trade, but it will be more judicious, and there will be more 'self-reliance' in energy, food and manufacturing.

   • 2012 December 5, Henry McDonald, “Ireland budget imposes more austerity”, in The Guardian‎:

     Ireland – the "poster child" for the International Monetary Fund and EU's bailout programmes – endured its sixth hairshirt budget on Wednesday with the imposition of €2.5bn (£2bn) of cuts as its finance minister insisted the country is emerging from the fiscal crisis.

   • 2013 January 25, Larry Elliott, “Boris Johnson urges Osborne to drop 'hair shirt' agenda for UK economy”, in The Guardian‎, retrieved 5 February 2021:

     Boris Johnson has called on the government to drop its "hair shirt, Stafford Cripps" agenda as he outlined a seven-point growth plan for London involving building thousands of new homes and investment in major infrastructure projects.

参考

• flagellant
• self-flagellation

Further reading

• hairshirt on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)