ignoscoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɪŋˈnoːs.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [iɲˈɲɔs.ko]

動詞

ignōscō (present infinitive ignōscere, perfect active ignōvī, supine ignōtum); third conjugation

1. to forgive, pardon, excuse, overlook, to take no notice of (with dative)

   Synonyms: parcō, remittō, āmittō, dōnō, dīmittō, perdōnō, condōnō

   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 675–678:

     DĀVUS: Ego, Pamphile, hōc tibi prō servitiō dēbeō: / cōnārī — manibus pedibus noctēsque et diēs! — / capitis perīclum adīre, dum prōsim tibi! / Tuum est sī quid praeter spem ēvenit mihi ignōscere.

     DAVUS: Pamphilus, this is my duty to you, in my servitude: to try — with hands and feet, night and day! — to face the risk of my own life, as long as I may be of service to you! Yours is to pardon me if what happens is not what [we] wanted.
     (In context, Davus comically overstates his services in order to oblige the mercy of Pamphilus.)

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.12:

     [...] quō ex oppidō cum lēgātī ad eum vēnissent ōrātum ut sibi ignōsceret suaeque vītae cōnsuleret [...]

     [...] when envoys had come to him from that town to beg that he himself would forgive them and spare their lives [...]

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.443–444:

     haurit aquās tollēnsque manūs, ‘ignōscite,’ dīxit
     ‘sacra! vir intrābō nōn adeundā virō.’

     He draws water, and lifting up his hands, says: “Forgive [me], sacred things! A man, I shall enter [a place which] ought not be approached by a man.”
     (The Temple of Vesta afire, Lucius Caecilius Metellus (consul 251 BC) begs forgiveness from Vesta (mythology) prior to saving items from the flames.)

使用する際の注意点

Takes the dative form of the person forgiven; in archaic Latin, can take the accusative.

Conjugation

Passive forms are not known except for the third-person singular.

The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

派生した語

• Italian: ignoscere (archaic)
• Spanish: iñocer (archaic)

参照

Further reading

• “ignosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ignosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ignosco”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.