laissez.faireとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• laissez-faire, laisser faire, laisser-faire

語源

Borrowed from French laissez faire (“leave it be”, literally “let do”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈlæseɪ ˌfɛə(ɹ)/, /ˈleɪseɪ ˌfɛə(ɹ)/
• (General American) enPR: lĕs'ā fârʹ, lĕz'ā, lā'sā('), lā'zā('), IPA: /ˌlɛ(ˌ)seɪ ˈfɛəɹ/, /ˌleɪ-/, /-(ˌ)zeɪ/
• 韻: -ɛə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: lais‧sez faire

名詞

laissez faire (uncountable)

1. (economics, politics) A policy of governmental non-interference in economic affairs.
   • 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, chapter 9, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book I (Proem), page 106:

     In brief, all this Mammon-Gospel of Supply-and-demand, Competition, Laissez-faire, and Devil take the hindmost, begins to be one of the shabbiest Gospels ever preached on Earth; or altogether the shabbiest.

   • 2001 [1944], Karl Polanyi, “12. Birth of the Liberal Creed”, in The Great Transformation‎:

     While laissez-faire economy was the product of deliberate State action, subsequent restrictions on laissez-faire started in a spontaneous way. Laissez-faire was planned; planning was not.

2. A policy of non-interference by authority in any competitive process.

形容詞

laissez faire (comparative more laissez faire, superlative most laissez faire)

1. (economics, politics) Practicing or representing governmental noninterference, or minimal interference, especially in economic affairs; pertaining to free-market capitalism.

   I think the city should take a laissez faire approach to this; getting involved would only make things worse.

2. (economics, politics) Advocating such noninterference.

   The Senator claims to be laissez faire, but he voted in favor of the subsidies.

   • 2001 [1944], Karl Polanyi, “12. Birth of the Liberal Creed”, in The Great Transformation‎:

     While laissez-faire economy was the product of deliberate State action, subsequent restrictions on laissez-faire started in a spontaneous way. Laissez-faire was planned; planning was not.

3. (economics) Resulting from such noninterference.

   The price ceiling was well below the laissez faire price that demand would have supported, so there were always shortages.

4. (of a person) Avoiding interference in other people's affairs; choosing to live and let live.

   Synonyms: forbearing, hands off, indulgent; see also Thesaurus:permissive

参考