lameとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA: /leɪm/
• 韻: -eɪm
• ハイフネーション: lame

語源 1

From 中期英語 lame, from 古期英語 lama (“lame”), from Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz (“lame”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“to tire; to break”).

形容詞

lame (comparative lamer, superlative lamest)

1. (especially of an animal) Unable to walk properly because of a problem with one's feet or legs.

   Synonym: crippled

   With the years, this horse has little by little gone lame.

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXIII”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 39:

     Alone, alone, to where he sits,
     The Shadow cloak’d from head to foot
     Who keeps the keys of all the creeds,
     ⁠I wander, often falling lame,
     And looking back to whence I came,
     Or on to where the pathway leads; […]

   1. (of a limb, especially a foot or leg) That cannot be moved properly.

      Synonym: gammy

   2. (dated, now offensive) Physically disabled.

      a lame man

2. (by extension, dated) Hobbling; limping; inefficient; imperfect.

   Antonyms: efficient, perfect

   • a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). Of Industry in General”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:

     a lame endeavour

   • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     O, most lame and impotent conclusion! […]

   • 1801, Isaac Watts, The improvement of the mind, or A supplement to the art of logic:

     It is the remark of an ingenious writer, should a barbarous Indian, who had never seen a palace or a ship, view their separate and disjointed parts, and observe the pillars, doors, windows, cornices and turrets of the one, or the prow and stern, the ribs and masts, the ropes and shrouds, the sails and tackle of the other, he would be able to form but a very lame and dark idea of either of those excellent and useful inventions.

   • 1856, J. W. Redhouse, An English and Turkish Dictionary‎, page xx:

     The ی consonant is our English y […] It is really a sad mistake for us, who possess this useful consonant, to adopt the lame expedient to which other languages are forced to have recourse, namely, the use of the vowel i, with or without the diaresis over it.

3. (colloquial) Unconvincing or unbelievable.

   Synonym: weak

   Antonyms: convincing, believable

   He had a really lame excuse for missing the birthday party.

4. (colloquial) Uncool, uninteresting, or unfunny.

   He kept telling these extremely lame jokes all night.

派生語

動詞

lame (third-person singular simple present lames, present participle laming, simple past and past participle lamed)

1. (transitive) To cause (a person or animal) to become lame.

   Synonyms: cripple, disable

   • [1877], Anna Sewell, “A Job Horse and his Drivers”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part II, pages 134–135:

     And if you don't want to lame your horse, you must look sharp and get them [stones stuck in hooves] out quickly.

   • 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 6, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

     Now her soul felt lamed in itself. It was her hope that was struck.

名詞

lame (plural lames)

1. (prison slang) A stupid or undesirable person.
   • 2011, Lil' Kim, “Black Friday”:

     You lames tryna clone my style and run wit it.

語源 2

From Middle French lame, from Latin lāmina. Doublet of lamina.

名詞

lame (plural lames)

1. A thin layer or plate of material, as in certain kinds of armor.

   Synonyms: lamella (sometimes diminutive), lamina (sometimes synonymous)

   • 2013, Paul F Walker, History of Armour 1100-1700, Crowood, →ISBN:

     This rim involved a raised rolled edge on the rerebrace that was inserted into a raised lip on the lower lame of the pauldron. This lip allows the arm to rotate without the need for leather straps and can be clearly seen carved on to the effigy […]

   • 2015, Anne Curry, Malcolm Mercer, The Battle of Agincourt, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 120:

     These pauldrons are generally asymmetrical with the left pauldron wider than the right, which is cut away for the passage of the lance. It would be attached to the shoulder by points through a restored leather tab on the top lame at the apex […]

2. (in the plural) A set of joined overlapping metal plates.
3. A kitchen tool for scoring bread dough before baking.

関連する語

参照

アナグラム

• Elma, mela, mela-, amel, -meal, meal, alme, Lema, male-, Male, male, leam, Leam, Elam, Malé, lema

名詞

lāme

1. dative singular of lām