JP3222866B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention mainly relates to ginseng, radish,
The present invention relates to a harvester configured to pull out root vegetables such as onions from a field and perform a series of leaf cutting processes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the root crop harvester described above, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 16512/1988, the leaf portion of a root crop planted in a field is picked up with a weeding body and guided to pinch left and right conveyor belts. (20 in the publication), sandwiched by the conveyor belt, and conveyed rearward and upward, thereby pulling out root crops from the field and suspending and transporting the root crops. Adjustable belt (33 in the gazette)
The height of the root vegetable body is aligned by regulating the rise of the root vegetable body with an adjustment belt, and the leaves of the aligned root vegetable are cut with a cutter, and the root vegetable body is dropped and collected. Structured ones are known.

[0003]

The root crop harvesting machine of the above construction is still not sufficiently practical in terms of practicality in order to continuously and efficiently perform high-precision continuous operations from extraction of root vegetables to leaf cutting. It was hard to say, and there were points that needed to be improved.

[0004] In other words, the roots of the root crops are often greatly extended and spread laterally or to the periphery, and the leaves which are greatly collapsed or the leaves which are greatly extended and expanded laterally are pinched and conveyed to the left and right. In some cases, the leaves may not be properly introduced between the belts, and a part of the leaves may leak from between the left and right nipping and conveying belts. As described above, when a part of the leaf part is disengaged from the holding between the conveyor belts and is conveyed while protruding below the conveyor belt, in the subsequent positioning process, the leaf part protruding downward is left and right for alignment. The root vegetables are easily pulled out from the adjustment belt and protrude below the adjustment belt. When the height is aligned on the lower surface, the protruding leaves are pinched between the root vegetable body and the adjustment belt, and the root vegetable body does not come close enough to the adjustment belt. The leaves protruding from the belt are left uncut without being cut, and the remaining leaves need to be manually cut off again, resulting in low cutting performance in the leaf cutting process.

[0005] Root vegetables in the field, the amount of leaves,
Cultivation area, such as length, extent of leaf, degree of side
It varies according to growing conditions such as harvest time, variety, etc.
It is important to implement high-performance leaf cutting that can cope with this.

Further, in the step of pulling out the root vegetables in the field with the sandwiching and conveying belt, the root vegetable pulling reaction force acts on the starting end of the sandwiching and conveying belt. Changes every moment due to the soil hardness and the like, and the effect of this causes a change in the pinching height position of the leaf portion, which deteriorates the accuracy of the cutting position of the leaf portion.

Further, in the positioning device, the root vegetable body is received on the lower surface of the adjustment belt so that the root vegetable body is aligned in height, and a cutter is disposed above the adjustment belt, so that the leaf can be easily displaced. The leaves had been cut in the state. As a result, it is difficult to cut the leaves at certain positions,
In addition, the leaves will remain for a long time in the root vegetable body that has been subjected to leaf cutting, and there will be almost no uncut leaves of the leaves, that is,
If you want to obtain a root vegetable body whose leaves have been cut at the boundary between the leaves and the upper end of the root vegetable main body, it is necessary to manually cut off the leaves remaining on the root vegetable body that has been mechanically harvested and collected. The harvester will not be used effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is possible to efficiently perform a series of efficient cutting of leaves from pulling and transporting of root vegetables, and to enable appropriate lifting and sandwiching and transporting. A highly practical root crop harvesting machine with good alignment of the root vegetable main body, which enables harvesting with high cutting position accuracy and leaf cutting with almost no uncut leaves. Its primary purpose is to provide.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) The invention according to claim 1 is a soil breaker for loosening soil near root vegetables in a field, and an obliquely upward rearward from near the ground in a posture in which a locking claw projects forward. A leaf pulling device that moves and pulls up the roots of the root vegetables in the field, a pinch pulling transport device that pinches and pulls the lifted leaves and hangs it to the upper rear, and a root vegetable leaf that is hung and transported A position aligning device that introduces a portion between the left and right guide portions and regulates the elevation of the root vegetable main body by the left and right guide portions while the root vegetables move backward, and aligns the height thereof, and the guide of the leaf portion. And a cutter for cutting a leaf portion of the root vegetable main body held by the leaf holding and conveying device.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, before the leaf portion of the root vegetable in the field is held by the nipping / pulling-up conveying device, the leaf portion is subjected to the pulling-up action by the locking claw of the leaf-portion pulling device.
Occurrence of leakage of the leaf portion at the starting end of the nipping and pulling transport device is reduced. As a result, after that, when the leaf portion of the root vegetable that is suspended and conveyed is introduced between the left and right guide portions that align the height, a part of the leaf portion is not introduced between the left and right guide portions. There is almost no possibility that the leaves protrude downward, the leaves are properly clamped by the nipping and pulling conveyance device, the leaves are properly guided between the left and right guides, and the leaves leaking from the left and right are pinched. The introduction into the guide portion is prevented from being caught or the leaf portion being caught between the root vegetable main body and the left and right guide portions, thereby preventing height alignment from being obstructed, or protruding below the left and right guide portions. Leaves are not cut off, and it is not necessary to manually cut off uncut leaves after machine harvesting.

[0012] Even if the rooting condition of the root vegetables and the hardness of the soil at the place where the root vegetables are planted change, when the roots are pulled up from the field by holding the leaves by the holding and pulling and conveying device, Since the crushed body loosens the soil near the root vegetable body, the root vegetable is less resistant and the pulling resistance of the root vegetable is relatively stable, and the root vegetable body remains in the field and only the leaves are cut off and transported Then, the leaves that have been torn and conveyed may cause an adverse effect on the height alignment in the subsequent process, or the leaves may slip down due to the lifting reaction force acting on the starting end of the nipping / lifting / transporting device, and The adverse effects of, for example, nipping and transporting the leading end side are reduced.

Further, the root vegetables are aligned at the right and left guide portions, and the root vegetables are supplied to the cutter while maintaining the aligned height by the leaf holding device, and the leaves are cut by the cutter. You.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 1, the function of the leaf pulling device prevents the leaf from being pinched and leaked at the start end of the pulling and nipping and transporting, and also avoids the shredding of the leaf and the like. The height adjustment function of the root vegetable body by the subsequent left and right guides can be properly performed, the leaves can be reliably cut at a fixed position, and highly accurate leaf cutting can be performed, excellent in practicality Root crop harvester can be configured.

[0015] Further, the leaf is extended upward from the front of the start end of the nipping / pulling-up transporting device by a locking claw projecting forward or backward when the leaf is greatly extended in the lateral direction or a fallen one is secured in an upright posture. By loosening the soil around the main body of the root crop, the pinch pulling and lifting device ensures accurate pinching of the leaves, soft pull-out, and transport in a stable posture, leaving uncut roots, cracks and scratches. Eliminating the leaves, the cutting height is constant and the cut edges are neatly aligned, so that the continuous operation from the extraction of the root vegetables to the cutting of the leaves can be performed efficiently and with high precision.

Moreover, by adopting the leaf holding and conveying device, the leaves can be cut while maintaining the same height between the left and right guides, and there is no adverse effect such as the root vegetables being displaced downward and stable. It is possible to reliably cut the leaves at a certain position, and it is possible to cut the leaves at a position very close to the root vegetable main body, that is, to cut the leaves at the boundary between the leaves and the upper end of the root vegetable main body. Can be collected in a leaf-cut state with almost no uncut portion.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 2]

(Structure) In the invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, the cutter is constituted by a pair of left and right disk cutters that are forcibly rotated.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, when the leaf portion of the root vegetable held by the leaf portion holding and conveying device reaches the cutter, a rotational cutting force acts on the left and right by the pair of left and right disk cutters forcibly rotated. The leaves are cut, and the leaves are cut straight with little change in the hanging posture of the root vegetables.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to accurately perform leaf cutting with a straight cut edge and a good finish, and the practical effect is further increased.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 3]

(Structure) According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or the second aspect of the invention, the left and right guide portions are configured to be elastically retreatable.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the leaf introduced between the left and right guides is appropriately elastically supported in accordance with the amount of the leaf, and the opposing guides appropriately adjust the leaf. When the amount of the leaves increases, the guides can be moved to the cutter accurately without causing the guides to retreat resiliently to cause clogging or the like.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to cut the root portion of the root vegetable with a cutter with good height alignment accuracy regardless of the amount of the leaf portion. Or, the above effects of the second invention are further promoted.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 4]

(Structure) According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, a herbicide acting on a leaf portion of a root vegetable in a field is provided in front of the leaf pulling device. Has been deployed.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the roots of the root vegetables in the field are firstly scooped up by a weeding body located in front of the body, and even the leaves extending to near the ground are surely scooped up and pinched. Starting position of holding of the lifting and conveying device,
Alternatively, the leaf portion guided to the action area of the locking claw in the leaf pulling device and having been sufficiently pulled up can be correctly clamped without protruding from the clamping portion of the clamping pulling and conveying device.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 4, even the leaf portion extending to the vicinity of the ground can be reliably guided to the nipping and pulling transport device without being left unremoved, and the root vegetables in the field can be reliably pulled up. Can be realized, and the above effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is promoted.

[0029]

1 and 2 show a harvesting section B and a sorting and collecting section 9.
Are shown in a plan view and a side view of a root vegetable harvesting machine equipped with the traveling machine body 7. This root crop harvesting machine comprises a pair of left and right drive-rotatable gripping and conveying belts 1a for holding the leaf portion Wb of the root crop W planted in the field, lifting it diagonally upward at the rear of the machine, and suspending and transporting it. A pair of left and right weeds 3 and a leaf pulling device 15 are provided at one front side of the body having the crawler-type traveling device 2; The leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W in the field is raised by the weeds 3 and pulled up by the leaf pulling device 15 so as to be smoothly transferred to the nipping / pulling / up conveying device 1, and the soil on both sides of the root vegetable W is crushed. It is configured so that the root vegetables W can be cut smoothly by the body 4 and pulled out with little resistance.

The leaf pulling device 15 is configured to move the locking claw 16 obliquely rearward and upward from the vicinity of the ground in a posture protruding forward to pull up the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W in the field. Leaf pulling device 1 on the uncut side
A cutter blade 17 is attached to the root of the locking claw 16 of FIG. 5 so that the entanglement of the leaves Wb and weeds can be cut off at the time of lifting.

FIG.
As shown in the figure, a guide roller 1b for pressing the left and right nipping and conveying belts 1a toward the conveying path is provided with a spring 1
A spring is provided on a holder 1e slidably mounted in a state urged by d so that the leaf portion Wb is firmly held by the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts 1a on the sandwiching and conveying start end side and weakly on the conveying end side. The energized state is set.

A leaf cutting device 8 for cutting the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W suspended and nipped and conveyed by the nipping and raising and conveying device 1 is provided behind the nipping and raising and conveying device 1. This leaf cutting device 8
In the configuration, the alignment device 8a acting on the upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa in the root vegetable W suspended by the nipping pulling and conveying device 1, and a pair of left and right holding the leaf portion Wb at a fixed position above the alignment device 8a. The leaf nipping and conveying device 8b and the leaf nipping and conveying device 8 comprising a drivable nipping and conveying belt or the like.
b, and is transported by a pair of left and right drivable nipping / conveying belts that act on root crops and the like, and is transported by the leaf nipping / conveying device 8b, and the posture is adjusted by the anti-swaying conveying device 8c. A pair of left and right drive-rotatable disk-shaped cutters 8d for cutting the leaves Wb of the fixed root vegetables W is provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the position aligning device 8a
While the root vegetable W moves rearward and upward, the root vegetable main body Wa is regulated by the left and right guide portions so that the heights thereof are aligned, and in this embodiment, the root vegetable W is attached to the left and right rotating chains 8aa. The roller 8ac supported via the bracket 8ae serves as a guide. More specifically, the bracket 8ae is mounted on a holder 8ab extending upward from the rotating chain 8aa so as to be movable in a distance direction with respect to the root vegetable transport path.
And a guide portion (roller) 8ac attached to the tip of the bracket 8ae is supported so as to rotate as the leaf portion Wb moves up and down, and the bracket 8ae is urged by a spring 8ad to slide toward the root vegetable transport path. The left and right opposing guide portions 8ac are supported so as to be elastically retreatable.

As shown in FIG. 5, the left and right rotating chains 8aa are relatively displaced by half the roller pitch in the root vegetable moving direction. Further, the bracket 8ae is provided with a scraper portion 13 formed on the bent upper surface, and soil, sand and leaf scraps are formed by rollers 8ac as guide portions.
To prevent it from becoming difficult to rotate.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a thick cushion body 8ca is provided on the surface side of the nipping and conveying belt of the steady rest conveying device 8c so that it can cope with a large change in the thickness of the root vegetable body Wa. It is. Further, the left and right disk-shaped cutters 8d are arranged so as to be turned upside down in such a manner as to be surely cut so as to be wrapped at the opposing portions.

Root vegetable main body Wa cut by leaf cutting device 8
A sorting / recovery section 9 for recovering the paper is provided below the leaf cutting device 8 behind the nipping / pulling-up / transporting device 1. This sorting and collecting part 9
While the root vegetable main body Wa dropped from the leaf cutting device 8 is placed and transported backward, the root vegetable main body W having a small diameter is formed.
a, the dropper 9c is dropped to the lower container 9a, and the large diameter root vegetable body Wa is supplied to the rear container 9b. The sorting conveyor 9c, and the root vegetable body Wa falling from the leaf cutting device 8 is guided to the sorting conveyor 9c. 9d is provided.

Side view L mounting rear container 9b
The character-shaped cradle 18 pivots around a horizontal fulcrum P at the upper front,
And the damper 14 is mounted. That is, when the container 9b is empty, the container 9b is in the position of swinging upward, and as the amount of collected root vegetables increases and becomes heavier, the container 9b moves slowly downward so that the root vegetables can be collected without damaging them. is there. Further, the cradle 18 is configured such that the position is biased and maintained at the lower limit position where the cradle 18 is placed on the fuselage by the dead point position with respect to the fulcrum P of the damper 14. Becomes upwardly biased.

A cutting leaf conveying device 10 including a drivable conveying chain 10a for releasing the leaf Wb cut by the leaf cutting device 8 to the outside of the machine and a holding rail 10b is held from the leaf cutting device 8 to a nipping and pulling conveying device. 1, the leaf Wb is disposed obliquely across the front of the fuselage on the other side of the fuselage on the opposite side of the fuselage, and the boarding operation unit 6 and the prime mover 11 are located on the other side of the fuselage on the side of the collection unit 9. And a container accommodating section 12 is provided between the collecting section 9 and the boarding operation section 6 behind the cutting leaf conveying device 10.

That is, with the above arrangement, the entire body weight balance is improved, and the collection section 9 and the container accommodating section 12 from the boarding operation section 6 can be easily managed in a layout manner. The transport unit 10 is arranged obliquely so as not to obstruct the management and operation of the recovery unit 9 from the boarding operation unit 6, and the cutting leaf portion is provided at the front of the fuselage on the opposite side of the nipping and pulling transport device 1 to the outside of the fuselage. Wb is released, and the leaf part Wb previously released at the time of the next harvesting run is the crawler traveling device 2
It is configured not to be stepped on.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a root crop harvester.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a root crop harvester.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a leaf cutting section.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a starting end of the alignment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nipping and raising conveyance apparatus 3 Weeding body 4 Soil breaking body 8a Alignment apparatus 8ac Guide part 8b Leaf nipping and conveying apparatus 8d Cutter 16 Engagement claw 15 Leaf raising apparatus W Root vegetable Wa Root vegetable main body Wb Leaf

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Masaaki Suetsuru 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-64-16512 (JP, A) −34575 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A soil breaking body (4) for loosening the soil near a root vegetable (W) in a field, and an obliquely upward rearward direction from near the ground in a posture in which a locking claw (16) is projected forward. A leaf lifting device (15) for moving the root (W) in the field to lift the leaf (Wb), and a leaf (W)
b) The nipping pulling and conveying device (1) for pinching, lifting and suspending and conveying it rearward and upward, and the leaf portion (Wb) of the root vegetable (W) to be suspended and conveyed between the left and right guide portions (8ac). A positioning device (8a) for regulating the elevation of the root vegetable main body (Wa) by the guide portion (8ac) while the root vegetable (W) is being moved backward while the root vegetable (W) is being moved rearward, and the leaf portion (W);
b) The leaf-holding / conveying device (8b) which clamps the position above the guide portion (8ac) and conveys it rearward, and the leaf of the root vegetable (W) which is clamped by the leaf-portion holding / conveying device (8b) And a cutter (8d) for cutting (Wb). 2. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein said cutter (8d) is constituted by a pair of left and right disk cutters forcibly rotated. 3. The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the left and right guide portions (8ac) are configured to be elastically retreatable. 4. In front of said leaf pulling device (15),
The root crop harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a herbaceous body (3) acting on a leaf (Wb) of the root crop (W) in the field.