JP3229466B2 - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root crop harvesting machine configured to pull up root crops such as carrots, radishes, onions, and the like planted in a field, cut the leaves and collect them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the root crop harvester described above, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35755, leaves of root crops planted in a field are clamped between left and right transport belts and transported rearward and upward. By pulling out the root vegetables from the field and suspending and transporting them, and guiding the leaves of the root vegetables to be suspended and transported between the transport belts serving as left and right ascending position regulating guides, restricting the root vegetable body from rising Thus, there has been known a configuration in which the height of the root vegetable main body is adjusted, the leaf portion of the aligned root vegetable is cut with a cutter, and the root vegetable main body is dropped and collected.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned root vegetable harvesting machine, it is expected that a series of efficient leaf cutting operations can be performed after extracting the root vegetables, but it is still insufficient in practical use. It was difficult and there was room for improvement.

[0004] In other words, the root vegetables planted in the field greatly differ in the amount and the degree of fall of the leaves depending on the cultivation conditions, and when the leaves fall down along the field scene or when the root vegetables are cultivated in a row, the leaf plants are grown. May fall down from the shoulder of the ridge to the groove between the ridges, and it is necessary that even the leaf portion that has fallen in this way can be properly nipped by the left and right transport belts and lifted and transported. If a part of the leaf portion is suspended and conveyed while protruding below the conveyor belt without being properly sandwiched between the left and right conveyor belts, the protruding leaf portion becomes a rising position regulating guide portion in the alignment process. When the root vegetable body is caught between the conveyor belt and the root vegetable main body, the height of the root vegetable main body is not correctly regulated by the ascending position regulating guide portion, the alignment accuracy is deteriorated, and the leaf cutting process with high precision cannot be performed. Further, when the roots of the root vegetables planted in the field are nipped by the left and right conveyor belts and conveyed rearward and upward, if the leaves are not properly pulled up before the start of the nipping,
Clogging is likely to occur at the gripping start end portion between the two conveyor belts, and in such a situation, it is necessary to stop the work and perform a process for removing the clogging. Such points have not been sufficiently considered, and if clogging occurs, a great deal of labor and time is required for the removal operation, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is possible to efficiently perform a series of efficient cutting of leaves from pulling up and transporting of root vegetables, and to perform highly accurate leaf cutting processing. Root crop harvester that is easy to handle, easy to maintain, and easy to remove, and can restart harvesting even if clogging occurs. The main purpose is to provide

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 [Configuration, operation, and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) In the root crop harvester according to the first aspect of the present invention, a leaf pulling section of a root crop in a field is pinched and lifted between left and right endless rotating bands and suspended and conveyed upward and rearward. The transport device, the root portion of the root vegetable to be suspended and transported is introduced between the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions, and while the root vegetable is moving backward, the ascent of the root vegetable body is regulated by the ascending position regulating guide portion. It comprises a positioning device for aligning the height thereof, and a cutter for cutting the root portion of the root vegetables whose height has been aligned by the positioning device constituted by the ascending position regulating guide portion, and is constituted by the left and right endless rotating bands. The start-end side of the leaf introduction portion of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device is configured to be switchable between a state in which the leaf-portion introduction portion is fixed at the nipping-operation position and a state in which the leaf-portion-introducing portion is opened to an outward non-nipping-action position. In, root vegetables are planted It is characterized by a weeding tool that scoops up the roots of root vegetables at the tip below the field scene

(Action) According to the above configuration, the roots of the root vegetables in the field are first picked up by a weeding tool located in front of the fuselage, and the leaves that have fallen significantly and the adjacent unsealed leaves are not removed. The leaves entangled with the leaves of the harvested root vegetables can be reliably scooped and weeded, and this can be pinched by the leaf inlet of the pinching pulling and conveying device in the subsequent process. In this way, by picking up the leaves with the weeding tool without leaving the leaves and nipping and transporting them with the nipping / pulling-up transporting device, a part of the leaves that have been nipped and leaked in the subsequent alignment process can be lifted with the ascending position regulating guide and root vegetables. This prevents the height alignment from being hindered by being sandwiched between the main bodies, and also prevents a part of the leaves from remaining in the root vegetable main body without being subjected to the leaf cutting process. In addition, weeding tools can be scooped up without leaving even leaves that have fallen significantly, but on the other hand, cut leaves and weeds in the field can also be scooped up and introduced into the leaf introduction section of the nipping and pulling conveyance device. The cut leaves and weeds may cause clogging at the leaf introduction part. In this case, even if clogging occurs in the leaf introduction portion of the nipping and pulling and conveying device and the leaves or weeds stay in a strongly pinched state, the starting end side of the leaf introduction portion is held at the clamping action position. By switching from the fixed state to the open state to the outside non-clamping operation position, the leaf introduction portion can be widely opened, and the clogged leaves and weeds can be quickly removed. Then, after the clogging is eliminated, the harvesting operation by the desired leaf holding and conveying can be resumed by returning the starting end side of the leaf introducing portion to the holding position again and fixing it.

(Effect) According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the leaf portion is greatly collapsed, the leaf can be reliably scooped up by the weeding tool, so that the leaf portion is guided to the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device and nipped. This makes it possible to prevent an adverse effect of clogging caused by poor leaf pulling before clamping, and to realize an accurate lifting transport of root vegetables in the field. Also,
Preventing pinching and leaking, leaving all the leaves in the pinch pulling and conveying device, the pinch can be transported in a suspended state, so that the root vegetables can be accurately aligned with high accuracy and the leaves that have pinched and leaked. It is possible to perform a highly accurate leaf cutting process with less adverse effects such that a part of the portion is left in the root vegetable main body without being subjected to the leaf cutting process. Further, even if a clog occurs at the start end side of the leaf introduction section in the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device, the time for interrupting the harvesting operation for removing the clog can be shortened, and the overall work efficiency is increased. be able to. As a result, a high-precision root vegetable harvesting machine that can efficiently perform a series of high-precision leaf cutting processes from the lifting and transporting of the root vegetables, and has excellent operability with high handleability and maintainability.

[Structure, operation, and effect of the invention according to claim 2]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, a rolling wheel at one starting end of an endless rotating belt constituting the nipping and lifting transport device is a fulcrum shaft. It is configured to be attached to a support frame that is swingable to the left and right, so that the starting end side portion of one endless rotating band is separated from the starting end side portion of the other endless rotating band.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, by swinging the support frame to the left and right, the start end of one endless turning band can be changed in position with a predetermined movement locus,
By fixing the support frame, the position of the start end of one endless rotating band can be set.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily move the position of the start end of one endless rotating band and to fix the start end at a predetermined position. This facilitates the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

[Structure, operation, and effect of the invention according to claim 3]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, a location above the alignment device for the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height is aligned by the alignment device. Is provided.

(Function) According to the above configuration, the height of the root vegetables is adjusted by the position aligning device, and the root vegetables are supplied to the cutter by the leaf cutting and holding device while ensuring the aligned height, and the leaves are cut by the cutter. Be cut off.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to eliminate a disadvantage such that the root vegetables whose heights are aligned by the alignment device are displaced downward, and to stably cut leaves at a fixed position. It is possible to cut the leaves at a position very close to the root vegetable main body, and to achieve the above-described effect of the first aspect of the present invention, and it is possible to collect the leaves in a state where the leaves are hardly left uncut. .

[Structure, operation, and effect of the invention according to claim 4]

(Structure) In the root crop harvesting machine according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, a landslide that is sunk into the soil at a starting end side of the nipping and lifting transport device. The body is deployed.

(Function) According to the above configuration, since the soil breaking body provided at the starting end of the nipping and lifting transport device loosens the soil near the root vegetable, the root vegetable is lifted with little resistance, and the root vegetable body is moved to the field. It is less likely that only the leaves will be shredded.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the invention of claim 4, the occurrence of shredding of the leaves can be suppressed by the introduction of the soil breaking body,
It is possible to avoid that the torn leaves are clogged and that the torn leaves are conveyed to the alignment device and adversely affect the alignment operation.

[0022]

1 and 2 show an overall plan view and an overall side view of a root crop harvesting machine according to the present invention, respectively. This root vegetable harvester includes a leaf Wb of a root vegetable W planted in a field.
Of the body having a crawler-type traveling device 2, which clamps the upper and lower conveyance belts 1 a, which is an example of an endless rotating belt, and lifts the slant upward at the rear of the body to nip and convey it in a suspended state. A pair of right and left weeding tools 3 and a soil breaking body 4 are provided on the front side of the holding / pulling / conveying device 1, and the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W is scooped up with the weeding tools 3 to smoothly hold and pull. Root vegetables W
The soil on both sides of the cultivator is crushed with the body 4 and the root vegetables W can be softly pulled up. The weeding implement 3 is installed so that its tip is located below the field scene where the root vegetables W are planted, and the leaf W
Even b can be reliably scooped up.

As shown in FIG.
In order to install a guide roller 1b for maintaining the left and right conveyor belts 1a at a position close to each other,
The guide rollers 1ba with respect to the start end portion of the conveyor belt 1a are densely arranged in such a manner that the right and left rollers oppose each other, and the leaf portion Wb is strongly clamped by the start end portion 1aa of the conveyor belt 1a so that the root vegetables W can be reliably pulled up. Then, the guide rollers 1bb for the transport intermediate portion 1ab of the transport belt 1a are dispersedly arranged in a state where the right and left ones are alternately positioned, and the left and right guide rollers 1bc for the end side portion 1ac of the transport belt 1a. The leaf Wb is weakly sandwiched between the transport intermediate portion 1ab and the end side portion 1ac of the transport belt 1a so as to allow the downward movement of the leaf Wb.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the leading end rolling wheel 11, which winds around the starting end of one of the conveyor belts 1a,
In addition, a guide roller 1ba for the start end side portion 1aa of the transport belt 1a is mounted on a support frame 13 that can swing right and left around the fulcrum shaft 12, and bolts and pins for fixing the support frame 13 at a clamping action position are provided. A state in which one of the conveyor belts 1a is fixed to a clamping action position that is close to and opposed to the other conveyor belt 1a,
a can be switched to a state in which it is opened to a non-clamping operation position in which it is separated outward from the other conveyor belt 1a. Therefore, the leaves, weeds, and the like can be nipped and raised by the conveying device 1.
Even if the transport belt 1a is brought into the leaf introduction portion and is caught by the guide roller 1ba or the like and stays at the start end side portion 1aa of the transport belt 1a to cause clogging, one of the transport belts 1a is disengaged from the nipping position. By switching to the pinching action position and opening it, these staying foreign substances can be easily and quickly removed.

Root vegetables W transported by the nipping / pulling-up transport device 1
A leaf cutting device 8 for cutting the leaf portion Wb is provided behind the nipping / pulling / up conveying device 1. To constitute the leaf cutting device 8, the root vegetable main body W suspended by the nipping / pulling / up conveying device 1
Positioning device 8 that regulates the rise of a and adjusts its height
a, a leaf-clipping / conveying device 8b comprising a pair of left and right drivable clamping / conveying belts for clamping / conveying the upper leaf portion Wb of the positioning device 8a, and a root vegetable W conveyed by the leaf-clipping / conveying device 8b. A pair of left and right driving rotatable cutters 8c for cutting the leaves Wb is provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the positioning device 8a includes a holder 8ab attached to the left and right rotating chains 8aa.
Each of them is a synthetic resin round bar 8ac as a rising position regulating guide portion for guiding the leaves Wb and aligning the heights thereof.
Is mounted in a state of being urged in the approaching direction by a spring 8ad, and the root raising W is regulated by the round bar 8ac as a rising position regulating guide part which constitutes the position aligning device 8a by a relative lifting action by the nipping and lifting conveyance device 1. It is configured to rise to

A recovery section 9 for recovering the root-cut root vegetable main body Wa from the leaf-cutting device 8 is provided below the leaf-cutting and conveying device 8 behind the nipping / pulling-up conveying device 1. This collection unit 9
In order to form the root vegetable main body Wa, a small diameter one is dropped on the lower container 9a, and a large diameter one is sent to the container 9b at the root vegetable receiving position in the rear corner of the machine, and the sorting conveyor 9c and the leaf cutting device 8 Root vegetables Wa falling from
Is provided to the sorting conveyor 9c.

The cut leaf transport device 10 including a drivable transport chain 10a for releasing the leaf Wb cut by the leaf cutting device 8 to the outside of the machine and a clamping rail 10b, etc., is used to move the cut leaf Wb to the front of the machine. Is provided so as to be discharged to one side.

[Another Embodiment] Both the conveyor belts 1a of the nipping / pulling-up conveyor 1 may be configured to be freely swingable left and right, and the range in which the conveyor belt 1a can swing left and right can be appropriately selected. That is, at least one of the left and right transport belts 1a has a start end side portion 1aa.
The left and right sides can be switched between a state in which the belt is fixed to a clamping action position facing and opposing the other conveyor belt 1a and a state in which the belt is opened to a non-clamping operation position which is separated outward from the other conveyor belt 1a. It is sufficient that the transport belt 1a is configured to be freely swingable, and the specific configuration for attaching the start end portion 1aa of the transport belt 1a to be able to swing left and right can be appropriately changed.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view

FIG. 2 is an overall side view.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device.

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nipping and raising conveyance apparatus 1a Endless rotating belt 3 Weeding tool 4 Break-out body 8a Positioning device 8ac Ascending position regulation guide part 8b Cutter 11 Roller wheel 12 Support shaft 13 Support frame W Root vegetable Wa Root vegetable body Wb Leaf portion

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Chiba 64 Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka Kubota Sakai Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-287611 (JP, A) JP-A-5- 30830 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 5-70227 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 56-15331 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 2-17020 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-34575 (JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A nipping / pulling-up / conveying device (1) for nipping a leaf (Wb) of a root vegetable (W) in a field between left and right endless rotating bands (1a), pulling it up, and suspending and conveying it upward and backward.
And the leaf portion (Wb) of the root vegetable (W) conveyed in a suspended state is introduced between the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions (8ac), and while the root vegetable (W) moves backward, the root vegetable main body (Wa) A position aligning device (8a) that regulates the elevation of the workpiece by the elevation position regulating guide portion (8ac) and aligns the height thereof, and a position alignment device (8a) that is configured by the elevation position regulating guide portion (8ac).
And a cutter (8c) for cutting the leaves (Wb) of the root vegetables (W), the heights of which are aligned, and the leaves in the nipping and pulling and conveying device (1) constituted by the left and right endless rotating bands (1a). The state where the start end side of the part introduction part is fixed to the clamping action position
Switchable to the state open to the outside non-clamping position
Constitution and the front direction of the pinch pulling and conveying device (1)
At the bottom of the field scene where the root vegetables (W) were planted
To scoop up the leaves (Wb) of the root vegetables (W)
A root crop harvester characterized by being provided with weeds (3) . 2. A support frame (1) which is capable of swinging left and right around a fulcrum shaft (12) with a rolling wheel (11) at one start end of an endless rotating belt (1a) constituting the nipping / pulling / up conveying device (1). 13)
2. The root crop harvester according to claim 1, wherein the root crop is attached to the endless rotating band (1a) so as to be spaced apart from the starting end side of the other endless rotating band (11a). . 3. A positioning device (8) for a leaf portion (Wb) of a root vegetable (W) whose height is adjusted by the positioning device (8a).
The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a leaf cutting / nipping / conveying device (8b) for nipping / conveying the portion above a) above and behind. 4. Harvesting root crops according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing body (4) which protrudes into the soil at a starting end side of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device (1). Machine.