JPS6010074B2 - Dispersed fuel composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dispersed fuel composition, and more particularly to a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil.

Oil is currently the most commonly used energy source, but there are concerns that it will run out soon as reserves are limited and consumption is large.

Nuclear power and coal are said to be the alternatives, but as the use of nuclear power is not progressing as expected, it is important to make effective use of coal, which exists in abundance around the world, from the perspective of ensuring energy stability. Although coal gasification and liquefaction technology development has stalled, it is thought that it will still take a considerable amount of time for practical use. On the other hand, distributed fuel has been attracting attention as a technology that could be put to practical use in the very near future.

In other words, fine coal powder is mixed with hydrocarbon oil and a dispersant is added to maintain it in a homogeneous state for a long period of time.
Such a dispersed fuel can be combusted in the same way as a normal liquid fuel, and is particularly promising for use in thermal power reactors and large boilers that burn large amounts of crude oil or heavy oil, since it can save on crude oil or oil.

However, the dispersion fuels that have been studied so far are those that mix fine coal powder, hydrocarbon oil, and water to form a gel or thixotropic emulsion (Special Publication No. 126 of 1971, Special Publication of Publications No. 126 of 1973, Special Publication of Publications No. 515 of 1983). 16302),
Although it is said to be effective in reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas, it causes a decrease in combustion efficiency and is disadvantageous in terms of cost for mass transportation.

US Pat. No. 2,397,855 discloses that petroleum sulfonic acids, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, and the like are effective as dispersants for dispersed fuels. The present inventors investigated these sulfonic acids and found that although they have considerable effects as dispersants, they do not exhibit sufficiently satisfactory effects.

The present inventors further investigated many sulfonic acids and sulfuric acid esterification products, and found that when a specific sulfonic acid or its salt is used as a dispersant, a very stable dispersed fuel composition can be obtained. I saw this and brought it out.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in hydrocarbon oil contains a Q-sulfo fatty acid alkyl ester, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, a dialkenyl sulfosuccinate, or a salt thereof. This is a dispersed fuel composition.

The Q-sulfo fatty acid alkyl ester used as a dispersant in the present invention is a Q-sulfonated ester of a fatty acid having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. The alkyl group or alkenyl group constituting the dialkyl sulfosuccinate or dialkenyl sulfosuccinate is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms. In addition, amine salts, ammonium salts, metal salts, etc. of these compounds can also be used. Amines that form salts include aliphatic amines and aromatic amines.
Examples include methylamine, butylamine, laurylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, dimethylamine, monoethanolamine, morpholine, ethylenediamine, and aniline.

Metals that form salts include potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc.

When the dispersant used in the present invention is used, a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is stably dispersed in hydrocarbon oil can be obtained without adding water.

The coal used in the present invention can be anthracite coal, blue coal, sub-roaring coal, lignite, etc. Coal from any production area may be used, and the particle size of the fine powder is suitably 1 to 100A.

The hydrocarbon oil has a pour point of 50 qo or less and a boiling point of 30 qo or more, and may be crude oil, light oil, or heavy oil, and may be from any production area.

The dispersed fuel composition of the present invention can be prepared by thoroughly dissolving the dispersant in hydrocarbon oil and then mixing it with fine coal powder, or
Alternatively, it can be obtained by mixing fine coal powder, which has been thoroughly mixed with a dispersant in advance, with hydrocarbon oil, or by mixing the three components at a constant mixing ratio using a proportional injection pump or the like.

The mill used for mixing is not particularly limited, but commonly used colloid mills, homogenizers, ultrasonic mills, and the like are preferred.

The composition of the dispersed fuel composition produced by the above method is:
Fine coal powder is 10-9% by weight, hydrocarbon oil is 10-9% by weight.
0% by weight, the dispersant is 0.01-5% by weight, and preferably the fine coal powder is 40-7% by weight, and the hydrocarbon oil is 3% by weight.
0 to 60% by weight, and 0.1 to 2% by weight of the dispersant.

Next, the present invention will be explained by examples.

In addition, Q-sulfo fatty acid alkyl ester in the examples,
Dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester and dialtakenyl sulfosuccinate ester include their salts. Note that all the coals used were Keishing coal. Example
1 Add a dispersant to hydrocarbon oil (C heavy oil from the Middle East: pour point 15, 0 or 0, crude oil from Indonesia: pour point 3500),
C heavy oil from the Middle East is at room temperature, and crude oil from Indonesia is 45 qo.
Dissolve the mixture well, add powdered Hokkaido charcoal or Ostralia charcoal (particle size: 33-74 mm), and mix vigorously for 5 minutes at 8,000-1,000 pm using a homogenizer. A dispersed fuel composition was obtained.

Table 1 shows the results of examining the stability of the obtained dispersed fuel composition at a given temperature. In addition, stability was determined to be stable when the product could be stirred with a small resistance when stirred with a glass rod, and the number of days until a large resistance was felt when stirring was determined.

No. Nos. 1 and 20 are Q-sulfo fatty acid alkyester; 2 to 4 and 21 to 23 are dialkyl sulfosuccinates, NO. Nos. 5 and 24 are dispersed fuel compositions of the present invention using dialkenyl sulfosuccinates as dispersants, respectively.

Also, NO. 6 to 10 and No. Nos. 25 to 35 are dispersed fuel compositions using other sulfonic acids or esterified sulfuric acids as dispersants; Nos. 17, 18, 36, and 37 used nonionic surfactants, which are often used as dispersants.

As a result, dispersed fuel compositions using sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid esters as dispersants, including Q-sulfo fatty acid alkyl esters, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, and dialkenyl sulfosuccinates as dispersants in the present invention, are quite favorable. It can be seen that this shows excellent stability.

In particular, dialkyl sulfosuccinates are highly effective. ``Funesaku Thigh Funabe'' term mother half award Satoshiren hair ant female [Shigagon River.

Lord. ...S QO fence ○ Ren Fu^ Chisui Den Hitomi Ren; .・ ・1 〇〇〇三线S Example 2 The following experiment was conducted for the purpose of comparing the dispersion effects of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid esterified products on coal.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in hydrocarbon oil, containing an α-sulfo fatty acid alkyl ester, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, a dialkenyl sulfosuccinate, or a salt thereof. A dispersed fuel composition characterized by: 2 Hydrocarbon oil is 10-90% by weight, coal fine powder is 10% by weight.
~90% by weight, α-sulfo fatty acid alkyl ester, dialkyl sulfosuccinate or dialkenyl sulfosuccinate, or salts thereof: 0.01~
5% by weight of the dispersed fuel composition of claim 1.