JPS6016999B2 - Dispersed fuel composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dispersed fuel composition, and more particularly to a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil.

Oil is currently the most commonly used energy source, but there are concerns that it will run out soon as reserves are limited and consumption is large.

It is said that nuclear power and coal are alternatives to this, but as the use of nuclear power is not progressing as expected, effective use of coal, which exists in abundance around the world, is important from the perspective of ensuring energy stability. Since this is absolutely necessary, technological development for coal gasification and liquefaction is underway, but it is expected that it will still take a considerable amount of time to put it into practical use. On the other hand, distributed fuel has been attracting attention as a technology that can be put into practical use in the near future.

In other words, fine coal powder is mixed with hydrocarbon oil and a dispersant is added to maintain it in a homogeneous state for a long period of time.
Such dispersed fuel can be burned in the same way as regular liquid fuel, and is particularly promising for thermal power reactors and large boilers that burn large amounts of crude oil or heavy oil, as it can save on crude oil. However, the dispersion fuel that has been studied so far is one that mixes fine coal powder, hydrocarbon oil, and water to form a gel or chicken-tropic emulsion (Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-1269, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-16302). Although it is said to be effective in reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas, it is disadvantageous in terms of combustion efficiency and mass transportation.

The present inventors have discovered a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is stably dispersed in hydrocarbon oil without adding water as described above.

That is, the present invention is a dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is stably dispersed in hydrocarbon oil for a long period of time by adding a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following general formula as a dispersant.

[R, R2R3R4N]■×e Here, R is an alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
The alkyl group, benzyl group, hydroxyethyl group, or hydroxypropyl group of 3;

The coal used in the present invention may be coal from any production area, such as Chinese coal, Indonesian coal, Middle East coal, Australian coal, American coal, European coal, etc., and its particle size is suitably from 1 to 100 Les.

The hydrocarbon oil has a pour point of 50°C or lower and a boiling point of 30 oo or higher, and can be crude oil, heavy oil, or light oil, and can be produced in any country, such as Indonesia, China, the Middle East, or the United States. . The dispersed fuel composition of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving the dispersant in hydrocarbon oil in advance and mixing it with fine coal powder, or by adding fine coal powder that has been thoroughly mixed with the dispersant in advance to hydrocarbon oil. It can be obtained by mixing the three components at a constant mixing ratio using a proportional injection pump or the like.

The pestle used for mixing is not particularly limited, but commonly used colloid mills, homogenizers, ultrasonic mills, and the like are preferred. The composition of the dispersed fuel composition produced by the above method is preferably 10 to 9% by weight of fine coal powder, 10 to 9% by weight of hydrocarbon oil, and 0.01 to 5% by weight of dispersant. is 40 to 7% by weight of fine coal powder,
The hydrocarbon oil is 30-6% by weight and the dispersant is 0.1-2% by weight.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 A dispersant was added to hydrocarbon oil (C heavy oil from the Middle East: pour point 1500 or crude oil from Indonesia: pour point 3500). 4,500 liters and dissolve it well, add powdered Hokkaido charcoal or Australian charcoal (all grains are 33-74 char) and use a homogenizer to make 8,000 to 1,000 charcoal.
A dispersed fuel composition was obtained by vigorous mixing at m for 5 minutes.

Table 1 shows the results of measuring the stability of the obtained dispersed fuel composition at a predetermined temperature. In addition, stability was determined to be stable when the product could be stirred with a small resistance when stirred with a glass rod, and the number of days until a large resistance was felt when stirring was determined. In the comparative example, a nonionic surfactant that is often used as a dispersant was used.

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From Table 1 of Sosan Tsugaike's Funaoya Amaya Q <○, the dispersed fuel composition using a nonionic surfactant that is often used in normal nonaqueous dispersion as a dispersant is 1.
In contrast, the dispersed fuel composition of the present invention using a quaternary ammonium salt as a dispersant has stability for more than two months, which is sufficient for practical use.

Examples 16 to 28 and Comparative Examples 7 to 12 A dispersant was added to hydrocarbon oil (C heavy oil from the Middle East: pour point 15oo or crude oil from Indonesia: pour point 35 qo), and the Middle East C heavy oil was poured at room temperature (2500) The produced crude oil was boiled at 4,500 yen to dissolve it well, and pulverized Hokkaido coal or Australian coal (bituminous coal, particle size, 33 to 74 French) was added to it, and a homogenizer was used to dissolve it.
A dispersed fuel composition was obtained by vigorously mixing for 5 minutes at 0.000-1000 pm.

The obtained dispersed fuel composition was put into a stainless steel cylinder with a diameter of 5 skins and a height of 25 skins to a height of 18 skins from the bottom.
After this cylinder was placed in a heating tank at 60:00 for 30 days, a glass rod with a diameter of 5 mm and a weight of 20 mm was dropped from the surface of the dispersed fuel into the center of the cylinder through a guide washer, and the rod was placed at the bottom of the cylinder. The time it took to reach the target was measured. It was determined that the shorter this time, the more stable the dispersed fuel composition was, and if the glass rod stopped midway, it was determined that a sedimentary layer of fine coal powder had occurred and that it was unstable. The results are shown in Table 2. In the comparative example, a nonionic surfactant that is often used as a dispersant was used. Table 2 shows that the dispersed fuel composition using the general formula dispersant has excellent stability.

Table 2 Notes 1) A: 0 heavy oil from the Middle East B: Crude oil from Indonesia 2) 0: Hokkaido coal D: Australian coal 3) X: Indicates that the glass rod stopped midway.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A dispersed fuel composition in which fine coal powder is dispersed in hydrocarbon oil, which is characterized by containing a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following general formula. [R_1R_2R_3R_4N] (+) , hydroxyethyl group or hydroxypropyl group, X is Cl, Br or I
, or an anion of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid or para-toluenesulfonic acid. 2 Hydrocarbon oil is 10-90% by weight, coal fine powder is 10% by weight.
90% by weight of the quaternary ammonium salt and 0.01 to 5% by weight of the quaternary ammonium salt.