SERUMとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin serum (“whey”). Cognates include French sérum, Spanish suero, Italian siere, siero, Portuguese soro. Doublet of suero.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈsɪəɹəm/, /ˈsiːɹəm/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈsɪɹəm/
• (Canada) IPA: /ˈsiɹəm/
• 韻: (英国発音) -ɪəɹəm, (米国発音) -ɪɹəm

名詞

serum (countable and uncountable, plural serums or sera)

1. Ellipsis of blood serum.
2. Blood serum used as a blood product, in the practice of medicine: blood serum from the tissues of immunized animals (human or nonhuman), containing antibodies and used to transfer immunity to another individual (human or nonhuman).

   Near-synonym: antiserum

3. A watery liquid from animal tissue, especially one that moistens the surface of serous membranes or that is exuded by such membranes when they become inflamed, such as in edema or a blister.
4. The watery portion of certain other animal fluids, such as milk; whey.
5. (skincare) A skincare product of varying consistencies with a high concentration of one or more active ingredients, for a targeted purpose, such as preventing acne, repairing sun damage, or moisturizing.

派生語

関連する語

• sero-

参考

Further reading

• “serum”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “serum”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “serum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• semur, resum, Reums, Mureș, Remus, merus, muser, Muser, murse, mures, Sumer, Esrum

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *serom (“liquid”), from Proto-Indo-European *sér-o- (“flowing, liquid”), from *ser- (“to flow, run”); cognate with Sanskrit सर (sará, “flowing”), सार (sā́ra, “curd, cream”), सारण (sāraṇa, “flowing, buttermilk”), and Ancient Greek ὀρός (orós, “whey, curd, semen”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsɛ.rũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsɛː.rum]

名詞

serum n (genitive serī); second declension

1. whey
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 3.404–406:

     Nec tibi cūra canum fuerit postrēma, sed ūnā
     vēlōcis Spartae catulōs ācremque Molossum
     pāsce serō pinguī.

     Nor let the concern for your dogs be the last, but in the same way
     the brave Molossan and the whelps of the swift Spartan
     feed with fat whey.

   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 28.130:

     Būbulī serum orthopnoicīs prōdest ante cētera additō nāsturtiō.

     Whey of cows is more beneficial to asthmatics than others when cress is added to it.

2. (by extension) some other watery liquid
   • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 80:

     Quid dīcam, Gellī, quārē rosea ista labella
          hībernā fīant candidiōra nive,
     māne domō cum exīs et cum tē octāva quiēte
          ē mollī longō suscitat hōra diē?
     Nesciŏquid certest: an vērē fāma susurrat
          grandia tē mediī tenta vorāre virī?
     Sīc certest: clāmant Victōris rupta miselli
          īlia, et ēmulsō barba notāta serō.

     What shall I say, Gellius, how these rosy lips
          are whiter than wintery snow,
     when you walk out of the house when the eighth hour
          rouses you from soft rest in the long day?
     Something's sure: perhaps your reputation whispers truthfully
          that you devour the large protuberance of a man's middle?
     So is it certain: thus the broken loins of the poor Victor
          cry, and the beard marked with the milked-out semen.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

形容詞

sērum

1. nominative neuter singular of sērus

参照

Further reading

• “serum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “serum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "serum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “serum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.