Tonとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 -ton, -tone, -tune, from 古期英語 -tūn, derived from 古期英語 tūn (“town”). Doublet of town.

発音

• IPA: /tən/, [tn̩]

接尾辞

-ton

1. Place-name suffix, originally denoting a town or enclosure of buildings.

   Washington

2. (mathematics, bridge) A set of specific objects or persons.

   singleton

派生語

アナグラム

• Not., Ont, not., NTO, TNO, Not, NOT, not, Ont., ONT, on't

語源 1

Variant of tun (“cask”), influenced by Old French tonne (“ton”).

発音

• IPA: /tʌn/
• (Northern England, Ireland) IPA: /tʊn/
• 韻: -ʌn

名詞

ton (plural tons)

1. Any of various units of mass, originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly:
   1. The short ton of 2000 pounds (about 907 kg), 20 hundredweights of 100 pounds avoirdupois each.
   2. The long ton of 2240 pounds (about 1016 kg), 20 hundredweights of 112 pounds avoirdupois each.
   3. The metric ton of 1000 kilograms (about 2205 lb), 10 quintals of 100 kilograms each.

      Synonyms: tonne, metric ton, megagram

2. Any of various units of volume, originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly:
   1. The measurement ton of (US) 40 or (UK) 42 cubic feet (about 1.1 or 1.2 m³).
   2. The register ton of 100 cubic feet (about 2.83 m³).
3. (figuratively) Any large, excessive, or overwhelming amount of anything.

   Synonyms: shitton, fuckton; see also Thesaurus:lot

   I’ve got a ton of work to do.

   I've got tons of work to do.

4. (HVAC) A unit of thermal power equal to 12,000 BTU/h (about 3.5 kW), approximating the idealized rate of cooling provided by uniform isothermal melting of 1 short ton of ice per day at 0°C.

   Synonyms: ton of refrigeration, refrigeration ton, TR, RT

   Their main problem is that they somehow believe that a 12-ton unit can handle this entire building.

5. (colloquial, chiefly UK) Synonym of hundred, particularly:
   1. 100 pounds sterling.
   2. (darts, snooker, etc.) 100 points.

      Synonym: tonne

   3. (cricket) 100 runs.

      Synonym: century

   4. A speed of 100 mph.
      • 1970, Mungo Jerry, “In The Summertime”, in In The Summertime:

        Speed along the lane / Do a ton or a ton and twenty-five

      • 2008, Damon Beesley, Iain Morris, “Caravan Club”, in The Inbetweeners, Series 1, Episode 5, E4:

        Neil: How fast can this thing go then, do you reckon?
        Simon: Well, it's the special edition, so I reckon it could probably top a ton.
        Neil: Bollocks!

      • 2021 October 6, Greg Morse, “A need for speed and the drive for 125”, in RAIL, number 941, page 50:

        The HSDT team, however, had some work to do, although by the end of 1972 the power car interior had been adjusted and BR had agreed to 'double-manning' with extra pay when speeds topped the ton.

派生語

関連する語

• tonelada

派生した語

• → Tokelauan: tone, tane

語源 2

Borrowed from French ton (“manner”), from Latin tonus. Doublet of tone, tune, and tonus.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /tɔ̃/, /tɒn/

名詞

ton (uncountable)

1. Fashion, the current style, the vogue.
   • 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter IX, in Mansfield Park: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 191:

     A clergyman cannot be high in state or fashion. He must not head mobs, or set the ton in dress.

   • 1857–1859, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1858–1859, →OCLC:

     If our people of ton are selfish, at any rate they show they are selfish.

2. Fashionable society; those in style.
   • 1790, Amelia Opie, chapter 13, in Dangers of Coquetry, volume I:

     [S]he thought herself incapable of being flattered by the attentions of a man she despised, because he was the reigning idol of the ton […] .

   • 1823 December 17, [Lord Byron], Don Juan. Cantos XII.—XIII.—and XIV., London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John Hunt, […], →OCLC, canto XIII, (please specify the stanza number):

     The party might consist of thirty three Of highest caste—the Brahmins of the ton.

   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 30, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC:

     Pen was somewhat older than many of his fellow-students, and there was that about his style and appearance, which, as we have said, was rather haughty and impertinent, that stamped him as a man of ton—very unlike those pale students who were talking law to one another, and those ferocious dandies, in rowing shirts and astonishing pins and waistcoats, who represented the idle part of the little community.

   • 2000, Julia Quinn, The Duke and I (Bridgerton):

     He had no plans to marry. Ever. And there wasn’t much point in attending ton parties if one wasn’t looking for a wife.

派生語

• tonish

関連する語

• bon ton
• haut ton

語源 3

名詞

ton (plural tons)

1. Synonym of tunny, particularly the common tunny or horse mackerel.

参考

• pros ton kairon (etymologically unrelated)

アナグラム

• Not., Ont, not., NTO, TNO, Not, NOT, not, Ont., ONT, on't

形容詞

tōn

1. inflection of tōh:
   1. weak accusative masculine/feminine singular
   2. weak genitive/dative/instrumental masculine/feminine/neuter singular
   3. weak nominative/accusative masculine/feminine/neuter plural

名詞

ton

1. plural of to (“toe”)