Domusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

domus (plural domus)

1. (anthropology, archaeology) A farmstead with its people, plants and animals, considered as a unit.
   • 2017, James C Scott, chapter 2, in Against the Grain, New Haven and London: Yale University, →ISBN, page 73:

     The domus was a unique and unprecedented concentration of tilled fields, seed and graain stores, people, and domestic animals, all coevolving with consequences no one could possibly have foreseen.

2. (dated) In the UK a college (or collectively its fellows) in Cambridge or Oxford.

参考

• domus de janas

アナグラム

• Odums, doums, odums, modus

別の表記

• demus (uncertain)

語源

For Proto-Italic *domos, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm (“house, home”), from root *dem- (“to build”). Cognates include Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos), Albanian dhomë (“a chamber, a room”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬨- (dam-) Sanskrit दम (dáma), Proto-Slavic *domъ and further to English timber. At least indirectly cognate to Latin dominus.

The feminine gender is probably due to the original root noun; attempts to transfer it to the 4th declension are due to 2nd declension feminines being unusual outside of tree names. Some manuscripts of Plautus show forms in dem-; De Vaan (2008) doubts their authenticity.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈdɔ.mʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈd̪ɔː.mus]

名詞

domus f (genitive domūs or domī); irregular, variously declined, fourth declension, second declension

1. house, home (the building where a person lives)

   Hypernyms: aedificium, aedēs

   Hyponyms: casa, domuncula, tugurium, gurgustium

   Deō domuīque ― For God and for home (motto of Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne)

   Stet fortūna domūs ― Let the good fortune of the house stand (motto of Harrow School, England)

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.792:

     nox erat et tōta lūmina nūlla domō

     It was night, and [there were] no lights in the whole house.

   1. a townhouse
2. any dwelling-place or abode (of people or animals)

   Synonyms: domicilium, habitāculum, habitātiō, tēctum, mānsiō, sēdēs, aedēs

3. the place of one's birth or residence, native country, town

   Hypernym: patria

   1. (also of the shell of invertebrates, tombs of the dead)
4. household, family (the dependants of the head of a house)
   1. a group of disciples, school; an intellectual movement
   2. (monarchy) house, dynasty
5. (idiomatic) one's own possessions or resources

   domum trahere ― to drag into one's pocket

   Domī versūra fit. ― One is one's own creditor. (proverb)

   domō afferre ― to conceive on one's own

   • c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 637:

     id nunc experior domō

     Now I'm learning this first-hand.

6. (in locative case in phrases, idiomatic) peace

   bellī domīque; bellō domīque; vel bellī vel domī; domī bellōque; domī mīlitiaeque ― in war and peace

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 1.38:

     ut non quietior populus domi esset quam militiae

     so that the people should not become lazier in the time of peace than that of war

使用する際の注意点

• This is one of a handful of common nouns that take the locative case; others are bellum, rūs and humus.
• It is irregular in that it has a mix of second and fourth declension forms, the second declension forms being more idiomatic. The classically most common declension is as follows:

domus, domūs, domuī, domum, domō — domūs, domōrum, domibus, domōs, domibus.

語形変化

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Fourth/second-declension noun, with locative.

Locative used in the sense "at home".

派生語

関連する語

• domō
• domefactus

派生した語

• Italian: duomo, domo (“cathedral”)
  • → Middle French: dome
    • French: dôme (“cathedral”)
      • →? Piedmontese: dòm, dom
      • →? Portuguese: domo
• Old French: dom (rare)
• Venetan: domo
• Sardinian: domu, domo, dommu
• Sicilian: domu
• → Proto-West Germanic: *dōm (see there for further descendants; some were later influenced by French)

参考

参照

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “domus, dominus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 177-179
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “domus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 3: D–F, page 135
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti

Further reading

• “domus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “domus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "domus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “domus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 555.
• domus in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2285
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a comfortably-furnished house: domus necessariis rebus instructa
    
  • the house threatens to fall in (vid. sect. X. 5, note 'Threaten'...): domus ruina impendet
    
  • the house threatens to fall in (vid. sect. X. 5, note 'Threaten'...): domus collapsura, corruitura (esse) videtur
    
  • the house suddenly fell in ruins: domus subita ruina collapsa est
    
  • to demolish, raze a house: domum demoliri (Top. 4. 22)
    
  • the house is not large enough for all: domus non omnes capit (χωρειν)
    
  • to be a regular visitor at a house: domum frequentare (Sall. Cat. 14. 7)
    
  • the house walls are beginning to crack: domus rimas agit
    
  • (ambiguous) to welcome to one's house (opp. to shut one's door against some one): tecto, (in) domum suam aliquem recipere (opp. prohibere aliquem tecto, domo)
    
  • to welcome a man as a guest in one's house: hospitio aliquem accipere or excipere (domum ad se)
    
  • I am always welcome at his house: domus patet, aperta est mihi
    
  • (ambiguous) to invite some one to one's house: invitare aliquem tecto ac domo or domum suam (Liv. 3. 14. 5)
    
  • to give, undertake a contract for building a house: domum aedificandam locare, conducere
    
  • (ambiguous) to rush out of the house: se proripere ex domo
    
  • (ambiguous) I felt quite at home in his house: apud eum sic fui tamquam domi meae (Fam. 13. 69)
    
  • (ambiguous) to welcome to one's house (opp. to shut one's door against some one): tecto, (in) domum suam aliquem recipere (opp. prohibere aliquem tecto, domo)
    
  • (ambiguous) to never set foot out of doors: domo pedem non efferre
    
  • (ambiguous) to never appear in public: domi se tenere
    
  • (ambiguous) to escort a person from his house: deducere aliquem de domo
    
  • (ambiguous) at home; in one's native country: domi (opp. foris)
    
  • (ambiguous) to turn a person out of his house, his property: expellere aliquem domo, possessionibus pellere
    
  • (ambiguous) to live in some one's house: habitare in domo alicuius, apud aliquem (Acad. 2. 36. 115)
    
  • (ambiguous) to emigrate: domo emigrare (B. G. 1. 31)
    
  • (ambiguous) homeless: domo profugus (Liv. 1. 1)
    
  • (ambiguous) to invite some one to one's house: invitare aliquem tecto ac domo or domum suam (Liv. 3. 14. 5)
    
• “domus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “domus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

アナグラム

• modus