Feudとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/11/15 18:20 UTC 版)

発音

enPR: fyo͞od, IPA: /fjuːd/, /fɪu̯d/
(Early Modern) IPA: /fɛʊ̯d/, /fɪʊ̯d/
韻: -uːd

語源 1

Inherited from Northern 中期英語 fede, feide, from Old French faide, feide, fede, from Proto-West Germanic *faihiþu (“hatred, enmity”) (corresponding to foe +‎ -th), from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“hostile”).

Cognate to 古期英語 fǣhþ, fǣhþu, fǣhþo (“hostility, enmity, violence, revenge, vendetta”), German Fehde, and Dutch vete (“feud”) (directly inherited from Proto-West Germanic) alongside Danish fejde (“feud, enmity, hostility, war”) and Swedish fejd (“feud, controversy, quarrel, strife”) (borrowed from Middle Low German).

別の表記

fead, feaud, fede, feood, fewd, fewde, fuide, fude (obsolete)

名詞

feud (plural feuds)

A state of long-standing mutual hostility.

You couldn't call it a feud exactly, but there had always been a chill between Phil Mickelson and Tiger Woods.
- 2008 June 29, Celia Mcgee, “The Greeks Hoist the Dramatic Flag of Scotland”, in The New York Times‎:
  
  Mr. Cumming’s Dionysus in “The Bacchae” is conceived as a rock star, the rhythm-and-blues Maenads as his backup singers and groupies, and his feud with his cousin Pentheus, king of Thebes, as an encounter of the hedonistic, ambigendered, exotic Other, with “the fear of letting that into your culture,” Mr. Tiffany said.
- 2015, “Arunachal Pradesh”, in H. M. Bareh, editor, Encyclopaedia Of North-East India‎, 1st edition, Mittal Publications, →ISBN, archived from the original on 11 November 2022, page 72:
  
  The feuds between Namsang and Borduria continued. In 1875-76 the dispute between the Namsang and Borduria arose about the buffaloes which were carried off by Borduria people from Namsang areas.
(professional wrestling) A staged rivalry between wrestlers.
(obsolete) A combination of kindred to avenge injuries or affronts, done or offered to any of their blood, on the offender and all his race.

使用する際の注意点

The modern pronunciation /fjuːd/ has been described as "unexplained" and "hard to account for"; the expected form would be fead, fede /fiːd/. Several explanations have been suggested for the change in pronunciation, but none has met with unanimous approval.

Possible explanations

Dobson posits that Northern Middle English fede was reanalysed as a contraction of *fahede; on this model, a form *fahode was created by replacing the suffix -hede (“hood”) with its variant -hode. When this was borrowed into the Early Modern standard language, it would be pronounced /ˈfɛːhʊd/, which was then contracted to /fɛʊ̯d/. This would regularly yield /fjuːd/.
Malone suggests that the modern pronunciation results from a misreading of fead as *feod, pointing out that such a spelling pronunciation could develop since the word was originally a literary borrowing from Northern English dialects and therefore "belonged to the written, and not the spoken, language".
Most accounts assume that fede cannot develop into feud without some kind of remodelling. However, it may be that in some dialects, fede would regularly yield a form that speakers of standard Early Modern English would approximate as feaud, feood, feud, fuide, etc. This initially seems improbable, but according to the Survey of English Dialects, many traditional dialects reflect Middle English /ɛː/ (as in fede /ˈfɛːd(ə)/) as a diphthong such as /ɛə/, /ɪʊ/ or /jʌ/ (e.g. Herefordshire beam /bjʊm/).
Traditionally, the change was attributed to the influence of Etymology 2, but as noted by the OED, the influence of that word is improbable; forms indicating a pronunciation of the /fjuːd/ type first occur some 50 years before Etymology 2 is attested; even once it appears, it is a rare term of art. Furthermore, the influence of that word cannot account for Early Modern English forms like feood, feaud, and there is no obvious reason why one word would influence the other; any semantic connection is tenuous at best.

派生語

cyberfeud
feudist
feudlike

別の表記

feod

名詞

feud (plural feuds)

An estate granted to a vassal by a feudal lord in exchange for service.

同意語

fee
fief

参照

^ Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957), English pronunciation 1500-1700‎, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 244, page 799: “Hodges (four times) and Price give ME ęu in feud, which is of dubious origin; their evidence is supported by Holland’s spelling feaud (1601).”
↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Feud, sb.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume IV (F–G), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 178, column 2.
↑ Kemp Malone (1939), “Notes and news”, in English Studies, volume 29, numbers 1-6, →DOI
^ E. J. Dobson (1956), “The Word Feud”, in The Review of English Studies, volume VII, number 25, →DOI, pages 52–54
^ Anderson, Peter M. (1987), “3. Middle English Long Vowels”, in A Structural Atlas of the English Dialects, London: Croon Helm, →ISBN, →OCLC, § 3.20, page 65.
^ Clive Upton; David Parry; J. D. A. Widdowson (1994), Survey of English Dialects: The Dictionary and Grammar, Psychology Press, →ISBN

[1] Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957), English pronunciation 1500-1700‎, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 244, page 799: “Hodges (four times) and Price give ME ęu in feud, which is of dubious origin; their evidence is supported by Holland’s spelling feaud (1601).”

[OED-2] James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Feud, sb.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume IV (F–G), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 178, column 2.

[Malone-3] Kemp Malone (1939), “Notes and news”, in English Studies, volume 29, numbers 1-6, →DOI

[Dobson-4] E. J. Dobson (1956), “The Word Feud”, in The Review of English Studies, volume VII, number 25, →DOI, pages 52–54

[5] Anderson, Peter M. (1987), “3. Middle English Long Vowels”, in A Structural Atlas of the English Dialects, London: Croon Helm, →ISBN, →OCLC, § 3.20, page 65.

[6] Clive Upton; David Parry; J. D. A. Widdowson (1994), Survey of English Dialects: The Dictionary and Grammar, Psychology Press, →ISBN


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Feudとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Feudの品詞ごとの意味や使い方

Feudの変形一覧

Feudの学習レベル

feud１

feud２

「Feud」を含む例文一覧

feud

feud

feud

feud

feud

feud

feud

Feud

Feud (TV series)

feud

feud

feud

発音

語源 1

別の表記

名詞

使用する際の注意点

派生語

関連する語

動詞

派生語

語源 2

別の表記

名詞

同意語

関連する語

参照

feud

「Feud」を含む例文一覧

「Feud」のお隣キーワード

Feudとは意味・読み方・使い方

Feudの
品詞ごとの意味や使い方

Feudの
変形一覧

feud^１

feud^２