Firewallとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈfaɪə.wɔəl/
• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈfaɪ.əˌwɔːl/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɔl/, /ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɑl/

名詞

firewall (plural firewalls)

1. (architecture) A fireproof barrier used to prevent the spread of fire between or through buildings, structures, electrical substation transformers, or within an aircraft or vehicle.

   Coordinate terms: firestop, fire block; bulkhead

2. (computer security) The software that monitors traffic in and out of a private network or a personal computer and allows or blocks such traffic depending on its perceived threat.
3. (physics) A hypothetical phenomenon where an observer falling into a black hole encounters high-energy quanta at or near the event horizon.
4. An ethical wall; an organizational or legal separation between two entities that might otherwise cause conflicts of interest.
   • 2017 July 6, Jeremy Harris Lipschultz, Social Media Communication: Concepts, Practices, Data, Law and Ethics, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 275:

     The book explains this in Adam Hochberg's (@adamhochberg) chapter discussing the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism's concerns related to non-profit news organizations: donor transparency, editorial independence, the firewall between journalism and fundraising, and conflicts of interest.

5. (politics, especially Germany) An unwritten agreement among major political parties to refuse to govern or cooperate with national conservative and ultranationalist parties.
   • 2025 January 12, James Crisp, Meike Eijsberg, “The great firewall keeping out the hard-Right collapses across Europe”, in Chris Evans, editor, The Daily Telegraph‎, London: Telegraph Media Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 12 January 2025:

     "Honest government must be preceded by honest negotiations," Mr Kickl said when Austria's president tasked him with beginning coalition talks after the centrist firewall failed.

   • 2025 February 14, Jim Tankersley, Steven Erlanger, David E. Sanger, “Vance Tells Europeans to Stop Shunning Parties Deemed Extreme”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 February 2025:

     Other firewalls have fallen around Europe, including in the Netherlands, Hungary and Italy. In Austria, the hard-right Freedom Party has been part of federal coalitions and appeared set to lead its next government, before negotiations with a center-right party collapsed this week.

   • 2026 January 30, Marc Felix Serrao, “Germany's Far Right Is on the Threshold of Power. This Man Is Leading the Charge.”, in Politico‎, archived from the original on 31 January 2026:

     Most of the time, German parties come to power in states and nationally by forming coalitions. As long as the firewall holds, the only way the AfD can take power is by winning a straight-up majority. Which is what it seems poised to do in the September elections.

派生語

• Great Firewall of China, Chinese firewall

動詞

firewall (third-person singular simple present firewalls, present participle firewalling, simple past and past participle firewalled)

1. (transitive, computer security) To protect with a firewall.
2. (transitive, computer security) To block with a firewall.
3. (intransitive, motor vehicles or aircraft, slang) To use maximum engine power or acceleration.

参考

Further reading

• firewall on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• firewall (construction) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• firewall against the far-right in Germany on Wikipedia.Wikipedia