navisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *naus ~ *nāwis, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us, cognate with Ancient Greek ναῦς (naûs, “ship”), Armenian նավ (nav, “ship or boat”), Persian ناو (nâv), and Sanskrit नौ (nau, “ship”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnaː.wɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈnaː.vis]

名詞

nāvis f (genitive nāvis); third declension, i-stem

1. ship, boat, vessel; a fleet in the plural
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.120–122:

     Iam validam Īlioneī nāvem, iam fortis Achātī,
     et quā vectus Abās, et quā grandaevus Alētēs,
     vīcit hiems [...].

     Now the sturdy ship of Ilioneus, now [the ship] of brave Achates, and [that ship] by which Abas has been carried, and [that ship] by which old Aletes [has been carried]: the storm defeats [them all].
     (The storm at sea destroys the Trojan fleet; the passage exemplifies ellipsis, since it refers to four different ships, yet uses the word “navem” only once.)

   • c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 5.43.2:

     Nāvis, quae in flūmine magna est, in marī parvula est.

     A ship, which is big in a river, is tiny in a sea.

2. nave (middle or body of a church)

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -em or -im, ablative singular in -e or -ī).

派生語

関連する語

• nauta

派生した語

語源 2

Inflected form of nāvus (“active, diligent”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnaː.wiːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈnaː.vis]

形容詞

nāvīs

1. dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of nāvus

参照

• “navis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “navis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "navis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “navis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have a powerful navy: navibus plurimum posse
    
  • much damage was done by this collision: ex eo navium concursu magnum incommodum est acceptum
    
  • (ambiguous) a cutter: navis actuaria
    
  • (ambiguous) a man-of-war: navis longa
    
  • (ambiguous) a transport or cargo-boat: navis oneraria
    
  • (ambiguous) a merchantman: navis mercatoria
    
  • (ambiguous) to build a ship, a fleet: navem, classem aedificare, facere, efficere, instituere
    
  • (ambiguous) to equip a boat, a fleet: navem (classem) armare, ornare, instruere
    
  • (ambiguous) to launch a boat: navem deducere (vid. sect. XII. 1, note Notice too...)
    
  • (ambiguous) to haul up a boat: navem subducere (in aridum)
    
  • (ambiguous) to repair a boat: navem reficere
    
  • (ambiguous) to embark: navem conscendere, ascendere
    
  • (ambiguous) to embark an army: exercitum in naves imponere (Liv. 22. 19)
    
  • (ambiguous) ships of last year: naves annotinae
    
  • (ambiguous) to weigh anchor, sail: navem (naves) solvere
    
  • (ambiguous) the ships sail from the harbour: naves ex portu solvunt
    
  • (ambiguous) to row: navem remis agere or propellere
    
  • (ambiguous) to row hard: navem remis concitare, incitare
    
  • (ambiguous) to back water: navem retro inhibere (Att. 13. 21)
    
  • (ambiguous) the ship strikes on the rocks: navis ad scopulos alliditur (B. C. 3. 27)
    
  • (ambiguous) to land (of people): appellere navem (ad terram, litus)
    
  • (ambiguous) to make fast boats to anchors: naves ad ancoras deligare (B. G. 4. 29)
    
  • (ambiguous) to make fast boats to anchors: naves (classem) constituere (in alto)
    
  • (ambiguous) to land, disembark: exire ex, de navi
    
  • (ambiguous) the admiral's ship; the flagship: navis praetoria (Liv. 21. 49)
    
  • (ambiguous) to clear for action: navem expedire
    
  • (ambiguous) to charge, ram a boat: navem rostro percutere
    
  • (ambiguous) to board and capture a boat: navem expugnare
    
  • (ambiguous) to sink a ship, a fleet: navem, classem deprimere, mergere
    
  • (ambiguous) to throw grappling irons on board; to board: copulas, manus ferreas (in navem) inicere
    
  • (ambiguous) to throw grappling irons on board; to board: in navem (hostium) transcendere
    
  • (ambiguous) to capture a boat: navem capere, intercipere, deprehendere
    
• “navis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “navis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin