primusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ˈpɹaɪməs/
• 韻: -aɪməs

名詞

primus (plural primuses)

1. One of the bishops of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who presides at the meetings of the bishops, and has certain privileges but no metropolitan authority.
   • 1884, Gonzalo Canilla, speech at the Centenary of the consecration of Samuel Seabury

     my own grandfather, some time Bishop of Edinburgh, among its Primuses

派生語

• primus-ship

参考

• primus motor
• primus inter pares
• primate

参照

• “primus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• purism

語源

From earlier prīsmos, from Proto-Italic *priismos, a superlative form (see -issimus) of the obsolete preposition *pri ~ *prei, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *préy, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before, in front”). Compare prior (“earlier, in front”), the corresponding comparative. Cognate of Oscan promom, Umbrian promom (“first”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpriː.mʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpriː.mus]

形容詞

prīmus (feminine prīma, neuter prīmum, adverb prīmō); first/second-declension adjective

1. first, early

   Antonym: ultimus

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.2–4:

     […] dī, coeptīs (nam vōs mūtāstis et illa)
     adspīrāte meīs prīmāque ab orīgine mundī
     ad mea perpetuum dēdūcite tempora carmen!

     O gods, favor my undertakings (for you have changed them too), and lead my uninterrupted song down from the first origin of the world to my times!

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

派生した語

Descendants which mean "cousin" derive from the ellipsis of cōnsobrīnus prīmus (“first cousin”)

参考

• prima materia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Primum Mobile on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• primum movens on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• primum non nocere on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

参照

• “primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "primus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “primus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences: primis (ut dicitur) or primoribus labris gustare or attingere litteras
    
  • to receive the first elements of a liberal education: primis litterarum elementis imbui
    
  • the actor who plays the leading part: actor primarum (secundarum, tertiarum) partium
    
  • to give the palm, the first place (for wisdom) to some one: primas (e.g. sapientiae) alicui deferre, tribuere, concedere
    
  • (ambiguous) at the first opportunity: primo quoque tempore
    
  • (ambiguous) at the beginning of spring: ineunte, primo vere
    
  • (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be considered the foremost orator: primum or principem inter oratores locum obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) to occupy the first, second position in the state: principem (primum), secundum locum dignitatis obtinere
    
  • (ambiguous) the vanguard: agmen primum
    
• “primus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• primus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “primus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488