reichとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from German Reich (“empire, realm”). Doublet of Raj.

発音

• (noun):
  • IPA: /ɹaɪx/, /ɹaɪk/
  • 韻: -aɪx, -aɪk
• (surname):
  • IPA: /raɪʃ/

名詞

Reich

1. A German empire, kingdom or nation; its territory or government.
   • 1762, A[nton] F[riedrich] Busching, “Introduction to the Description of Germany”, in [Patrick Murdoch], transl., A New System of Geography: In Which Is Given, a General Account of the Situation and Limits, the Manners, History, and Constitution, of the Several Kingdoms and States in the Known World; […], volumes IV (Containing, Part of Germany, viz. Bohemia, Moravia, Lusatia, Austria, Burgundy, Westphalia, and the Circle of the Rhine), London: […] A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC, page 4:

     The Empire is differently denominated as well by Germans themſelves as by others. It is called the Reich, in Latin Regnum, by way of eminence, as alſo the German Reich, in Latin Regnum Germanicum. The appellation of Germany, is ſeldom uſed now-a-days any where but in the title of the Emperor and Elector of Mentz.

2. (in particular) The Third Reich; Nazi Germany.
   • 2016, Colin Philpott, Relics of the Reich: The Buildings The Nazis Left Behind:
   • 2017, Gerhard Engel, At the Heart of the Reich: The Secret Diary of Hitler's Army Adjutant:
   • 2019, Peter Finn, A Guest of the Reich: The Story of American Heiress Gertrude Legendre:
   • 2026 January 16, Brendan Simms, “Has a Nazi theorist’s vision of a world divided into ‘great spaces’ found a new advocate in Trump?”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN, archived from the original on 16 January 2026:

     Obviously, Schmitt envisaged Nazi Germany as the Reich at the heart of the European great space, which he sought to shield from Anglo-American interference.

3. (chiefly derogatory) Any empire, especially one that is imperialist, tyrannical, and/or racist.
   • 1936, The American Mercury, volumes 38-39, page 367:

     And so his fine words — they are excellent within these limitations — must be husbanded exclusively against foes of the Russian Reich. Nevertheless, he too turns his back on the past with a will. . . . God knows how far the Tolstoian talent […]

   • 1943, Owen Joseph Christoffer Norem, Timeless Lithuania, page 280:

     Mr. Ycas, one of their members, told me that a serious attempt was made to strike for total independence but that the majority felt it was the wise course to ask for autonomy within the Russian Reich. A Lithuanian National Council was formed.

   • 1943, Francis A. Ridley, Towards the British Revolution, page 15:

     Did not Oliver Cromwell, the founder of the British Reich, boast that hanging Irishmen always gave him an excellent appetite? Yet who could deny that he was a political and military genius? One should always compare Imperialisms […]

   • 2000, Keith Grint, The Arts of Leadership, page 161:

     Frere, obviously keen to start the thousand-year civilizing mission of the British Reich as soon as possible, invited Cetshwayo to a meeting in December 1878.

   • 2015, Grégoire Chamayou, A Theory of the Drone, page 226:

     […] we are presenting our analysis of the place and significance of the remote war technology within the American Reich.

   • 2017, Madhavan K. Palat, India and the World in the First Half of the Twentieth Century:

     NATO and the European Union, both led by America, embody that purpose. It preserves the sovereignty of the member states, but ultimate sovereignty rests with the American Reich and all the states willingly coordinate their policies with and subordinate themselves to American leadership.

   • 2021, Steven Best, “Failed species”, in Romanian Journal of Artistic Creativity, volume 9, number 2:

     The Human Reich over nature is inherently flawed, catastrophically overextended, and soon to fall on its own sword.

   • 2023 October 24, Thomas W. Murphy, “Our Ugly Magnificence”, in Do the Math‎ (blog), archived from the original on 28 February 2024:

     The Human Reich is a fundamentally flawed bit of imagination that can never be realized, as we critically depend on an intact ecology.

使用する際の注意点

• While Germany could only be referred to as the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 when it was under the rule of an emperor (Kaiser), the term “German Reich” describes Germany until 1945.

派生語

関連する語

• First Reich
• Second Reich
• Third Reich
• Fourth Reich
• Turd Reich

参考

• Holy Roman Empire
• Weimar Republic

固有名詞

Reich

1. A surname from German.
2. A municipality in Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

統計情報

• According to the 2010 United States Census, Reich is the 2,796 most common surname in the United States, belonging to 12,891 individuals. Reich is most common among White (93.85%) individuals.

アナグラム

• Cheri, Erich, Rheic, Riche, cheir-