stewardとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 steward, stiward, from 古期英語 stiġweard (“steward, housekeeper, one who has the superintendence of household affairs, guardian”), from stiġ (“a wooden enclosure; house, hall”) + weard (“ward, guard, guardian, keeper”), equivalent to sty +‎ ward. Compare Icelandic stívarður (“steward”). More at sty, ward.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈst͡ʃuː.əd/, /ˈstjuː.əd/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈstuɚd/
• ハイフネーション: stew‧ard

名詞

steward (plural stewards)

1. A person who manages the property or affairs for another entity.
   1. (historical) A chief administrator of a medieval manor.
2. (nautical) A ship's officer who is in charge of making dining arrangements and provisions.
   • 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, →OCLC:

     There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy. Mail bags, so I understand, are being put on board. Stewards, carrying cabin trunks, swarm in the corridors. Passengers wander restlessly about or hurry, with futile energy, from place to place.

3. (dated) A flight attendant, especially male.
   • 1974 February 9, Joe, “Reactions”, in Gay Community News, volume 1, number 33, page 6:

     The gay Kibbutzniks I met were all ex-Kibbutzniks who were curretly holding jobs as El-Al stewards or in some similarly classic gay professions.

4. A union member who is selected as a representative for fellow workers in negotiating terms with management.
5. A person who has charge of buildings, grounds, or animals.
6. Someone responsible for organizing an event
7. A bartender.
8. A fiscal agent of certain bodies.

   a steward in a Methodist church

9. A junior assistant in a Masonic lodge.
10. (higher education) An officer who provides food for the students and superintends the kitchen; also, an officer who attends to the accounts of the students.
11. (Scotland) A magistrate appointed by the crown to exercise jurisdiction over royal lands.
    • 2001, The Innes Review:

      These lands must have been retained by some earlier Steward, perhaps Walter II (1204-41), when most of Erskine had been made into a fief for Henry, first known ancestor of the Erskine family.

12. (information technology) Somebody who is responsible for managing a set of projects, products or technologies and how they affect the IT organization to which they belong.
13. (motor racing) A person who is responsible for the arbitration of incidents at a motor racing event and determining whether or not fines or penalties should be issued for such incidents.
14. A person who exercises responsible and caring administration of something; a person who exhibits stewardship.

使用する際の注意点

• With regard to airlines, steward is usually distinguished from the more common and exclusively feminine stewardess in colloquial speech, while the gender-neutral flight attendant is usually preferred to both in formal contexts. The word "stewardess" is still commonly used in Singapore and Malaysia, but is now dated and considered sexist in the United States. For the sake of brevity, steward is sometimes treated as a gender-neutral term itself and applied to both male and female flight attendants.

同意語

• (medieval overseer): bailiff, provost
• (member of a flight crew): air steward, airline steward; see also flight attendant or cabin crew
• (union member): shop steward
• (person in charge of buildings, grounds, etc.): caretaker, custodian, keeper; groundskeeper (of estates)

下位語

• (member of a flight crew) See flight attendant

派生語

派生した語

動詞

steward (third-person singular simple present stewards, present participle stewarding, simple past and past participle stewarded)

1. To act as the steward or caretaker of (something)
   • 2007 May 1, Richard G. Jones, “An Acting Governor’s Balancing Act: Taking the Lead Without Stepping on Toes”, in New York Times‎:

     Assemblyman John S. Wisniewski, a Democrat from Middlesex County, said, “It’s an uncomfortable situation,” but added that Mr. Codey is nevertheless “ably stewarding the state.”

参照

アナグラム

• drawest, strawed, swarted, wardest

語源

Inherited from 古期英語 stiġweard; by surface analysis, sty (“pigsty”) +‎ -ward.

発音

• IPA: /ˈstiu̯ard/

名詞

steward (plural stewardes)

1. The administrator of a household or estate (especially noble or monarchical)
2. A high officer of a monarchy (originating as such an administrator)
3. A governor; an officer administering a region.
4. A municipal officer; an officer of a city.
5. (rare) Any deputy, administrator, or officer.
6. (rare) A supervisor or manager (of workers)

派生した語

• English: steward (see there for further descendants)
• Middle Scots: stewart
  • Scots: stewart, steward
  • → English: Stewart, Stuart
• → Old French: estuart
• → Middle Welsh: ystiward, ystiwart
  • Welsh: stiward

参照

• “steuard, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.