scarcelyとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈskɛəsli/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈskɛɹsli/
• ハイフネーション: scarce‧ly

副詞

scarcely (comparative more scarcely, superlative most scarcely)

1. (modal) Probably not.

   One could scarcely find any trout in the stream without the stocking program.

   • 1951 October, William B. Stocks, “A Few Miles from Huddersfield”, in Railway Magazine, page 701:

     The staff here are frequently in the news, thanks to their successful efforts to make an attractive station where travellers would scarcely expect to find one.

2. (modal) Certainly not, hardly at all.

   One could scarcely expect the man to know how to fly a helicopter.

   • 1842, William Godwin, An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice:

     He did not enter upon the subject without being aware that government by its very nature counteracts the improvement of individual intellect; but, as the views he entertains in this particular are out of the common road, it is scarcely to be wondered at that he understood the proposition more completely as he proceeded, and saw more distinctly into the nature of the remedy.

   • 1869, R. D. Blackmore, Lorna Doone:

     But, of course, this weather had put a stop to every kind of movement; for even if men could have borne the cold, they could scarcely be brought to face the perils of the snow-drifts.

   • 1898, H. G. Wells, The War of the Worlds:

     The planet Mars, I scarcely need remind the reader, revolves about the sun at a mean distance of 140,000,000 miles, and the light and heat it receives from the sun is barely half of that received by this world.

   • 1914, Saki, “Dusk”, in Beasts and Super-Beasts:

     His clothes could scarcely be called shabby, at least they passed muster in the half-light, but one’s imagination could not have pictured the wearer embarking on the purchase of a half-crown box of chocolates or laying out ninepence on a carnation buttonhole.

3. (degree) Hardly: only just; by a small margin.

   Scarcely had she arrived when she was put to work.

   • 1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:

     He had scarcely finished, when the labourer arrived who had been sent for my ransom.

   • 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Difficulties on Theory”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 188:

     It is scarcely possible to avoid comparing the eye to a telescope.

   • 1875 December 7, Ulysses S. Grant, Ulysses S. Grant's Seventh State of the Union Address:

     In 1776 manufactories scarcely existed even in name in all this vast territory.

   • 1887, Arthur Conan Doyle, A Study in Scarlet:

     Scarcely had she got fairly into it, however, before the beasts closed in behind her, […]

   • 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Disappearance of Count Collini”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:

     “Scarcely had Alice reached her twentieth birthday, than she gave her erstwhile fiancée [sic] his formal congé. […]”

   • 1921 June, Margery Williams, “The Velveteen Rabbit: Or How Toys Become Real”, in Harper’s Bazar, volume LVI, number 6 (2504 overall), New York, N.Y.: International Magazine Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     That night, and for many nights after, the Velveteen Rabbit slept in the Boy’s bed. At first he found it rather uncomfortable, for the Boy hugged him very tight, and sometimes he rolled over on him, and sometimes he pushed him so far under the pillow that the Rabbit could scarcely breathe.

   • 1963, Pierre Boulle, Planet of the Apes:

     But we shall take scarcely more than two years to reach it, while we should have needed almost as much time to arrive in the region of Proxima Centauris.

   • 1993, Baltasar Gracián, translated by Joseph Jacobs, The Art of Worldly Wisdom:

     Nature scarcely ever gives us the very best—for that we must have recourse to art.

   • 2016 January 31, Sam Knight, “The Art-World Insider Who Went Too Far”, in The New Yorker‎, →ISSN, archived from the original on 17 April 2016:

     A freeport offers few tax advantages and scarcely any security features that a standard bonded warehouse cannot provide. But Bouvier’s development in Singapore carried within it two ideas. The first is that freeports will become hubs in the sixty-billion-dollar international art market, destinations in themselves—places for scholars, restorers, insurers, art-finance specialists, consultants, and dealers.

使用する際の注意点

It is grammatically a negative word. It therefore collocates with ever rather than never.

• Compare We scarcely ever eat fish. with We almost never eat fish.
• The sentence We scarcely never eat fish is ungrammatical.

同意語

• (degree: by a small margin): barely, hardly
• (barely, almost not or not quite): barely, just, hardly, only just

参考

• Thesaurus:rarely