urnaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Sanskrit ऊर्णा (ūrṇā, “wool, thread”).

名詞

urna (plural urnas)

1. (Buddhism) A spiral or circular dot placed on the forehead of Buddhist images as an auspicious mark.
   • 1901, Isaac Groneman, translated by A. Dolk, The Hindu Ruins in the Plain of Parambanan‎, translation of original in Dutch:

     The urna is not worn by all, nor the monastic dress of the magnificent image of the Buddhistic prince on the right side of the great Buddha in the chanḍi Mĕndut.

   • 1916, “Notes on Chinese statuary”, in The Museum Journal‎, volume 7, University of Pennsylvania University Museum, page 156:

     The ûrna or mark upon the forehead and the long pierced ear lobes so generally characteristic of Buddhist images are not present in this instance.

   • 2009, David Reed, The Rough Guide to Nepal‎, page 107:

     Between the eyes is a curl of hair (urna), one of the identifying features of a Buddha, and the thing that looks like a nose is a miraculous light emanating from the urna (it can also be interpreted as the Nepali figure “one”, conveying the unity of all things).

語源 2

From Latin urna. Doublet of urn.

名詞

urna (plural urnas or urnae)

1. (historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 40 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 13 L although differing slightly over time.
   • 1810, A Description of the Collection of Ancient Terracottas of the British Museum‎, British Museum, No. XXXIX, page 22:

     A wine vessel, probably the Roman urna, which contained half the quantity of the amphora.

   • 1847, Francis Adams, The Seven Books of Paulus Ægeineta‎, volume 3, The Sydenham Society, page 623:

     The congius was the 8th part of the amphora, and the 4th of the urna: it contained 6 sextarii.

   • 1903, Sir Charles Warren, The Ancient Cubit and Our Weights and Measures‎, page 89:

     It follows that the seah must equal the urna, and the hin equal 2 Attic choes.

同意語

• urn, half-amphora

等位語

• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/1152 urna), cyathus (1/288 urna), acetabulum (1/192 urna), quartarius (1/96 urna), hemina (1/48 urna), sextarius (1/24 urna), congius (¼ urna), amphora (2 urnas), culeus (40 urnas)

アナグラム

• ruan, Ruan, naur, Arun, uran-, Uran

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈur.na/, [ˈʊrnä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈur.na/, [ˈurnä]

名詞

urna f (genitive urnae); first declension

1. urn, a moderately sized vessel for drawing water
   • c. 620–600 BC, Tita Vendia vase:

     𐌄𐌂𐌏𐌖𐌓𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌕𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌉𐌀𐌔𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌀𐌓[𐌂𐌏𐌔𐌌]𐌄𐌃𐌖𐌇𐌄[𐌂𐌄𐌃]

     ECOVRNATITAVENDIASMAMAR[COSM]EDVHE[CED]
     eco urna tita vendias mamar[cos m]ed vhe[ced]

     I am the urn of Tita Vendia. Mamar[cos had me made].

2. (chiefly historical) ballot box, particularly the urns used in gathering Roman ballots under the Republic
3. urn, a moderately sized vessel used to store the ashes of the cremated dead
4. bank, coin jar, a jar or urn used to store money
5. (historical) urna, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 13 L

語形変化

First-declension noun.

等位語

• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/1152 urna), cyathus (1/288 urna), acetabulum (1/192 urna), quartarius (1/96 urna), hemina (1/48 urna), sextarius (1/24 urna), congius (¼ urna), amphora (2 urnae), culeus (40 urnae)

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “urna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “urna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• urna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “urna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers