vulgarとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 vulgare, from Latin vulgāris, from volgus, vulgus (“mob; common folk”), from Proto-Indo-European *wl̥k-. Compare Welsh gwala (“plenty, sufficiency”), Ancient Greek ἁλία (halía, “assembly”), εἰλέω (eiléō, “to compress”), Old Church Slavonic великъ (velikŭ, “great”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈvʌl.ɡə/
• (米国発音) enPR: vŭlʹgər, IPA: /ˈvʌl.ɡɚ/
• 韻: -ʌlɡə(ɹ)

形容詞

vulgar (comparative more vulgar or vulgarer, superlative most vulgar or vulgarest)

1. Debased; uncouth; distasteful; obscene.

   Coordinate terms: derogatory, disparaging, offensive

   vulgar language

   vulgar words

   a truly vulgar showing of affection

   vulgar and highly distressing scenes

   • 1551, James A.H. Murray, editor, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles: Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by the Philological Society.‎, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1888, Part 1, page 217:

     Also the rule of false position, with dyuers examples not onely vulgar, but some appertaynyng to the rule of Algeber.

   • 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 150:

     And, placed discreetly among these commonplaces, a few pieces of genuine quality, bizarrely distinguished by craftsmanship from the vulgar products of the machine.

   • 2023 May 28, Robert Armstrong, “The world wobbles; the luxury industry strides on”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 21:

     Several years ago I interviewed the CEO of a car manufacturer whose products start in the six figures. He told me his customers could always afford to buy his cars, but in recessions they found it vulgar to do so.

2. (historical or derogatory) Having to do with ordinary, common people.

   Near-synonyms: vulgate; vulgarized

   • 1661, John Fell, The Life of Dr. Hammond:

     It might be more useful to the English reader […] to write in our vulgar language.

   • 1834–1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent, volume (please specify |volume=I to X), Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company [et al.], →OCLC:

     The mechanical process of multiplying books had brought the New Testament in the vulgar tongue within the reach of every class.

   • 1860, G. Syffarth, “A Remarkable Seal in Dr. Abbott's Museum at New York”, in Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, page 265:

     Further, the same sacred name in other monuments precedes the vulgar name of King Takellothis, the sixth of the XXII. Dyn., as we have seen.

3. (especially taxonomy) Common, usual; of the typical kind.

   vulgar bush brown (Bicyclus vulgaris)

   • 1869, Richard Francis Burton, The Highlands of the Brazil, page 85:

     A vulture (V. aura), probably the Acabiry first described by Azara, is here called […] the hunter. It resembles in form the vulgar bird, but it flies high. The head is red, and the wings are black with silver lining, like the noble Bateleur of Africa.

4. (mathematics) Being a vulgar fraction.
   • 2022, Mary Jane Sterling, Algebra II All-in-One For Dummies, page 282:

     A fraction is vulgar if it has one integer divided by another integer, as long as the integer that's doing the dividing isn't equal to zero.

同意語

• (obscene): inappropriate, obscene, debased, uncouth, offensive, ignoble, mean, profane, crass, crude, coarse
• (ordinary): common, ordinary, popular

派生語

名詞

vulgar (plural vulgars)

1. (historical or derogatory) A common, ordinary person.
   • 2016, Evan Gottlieb, Juliet Shields, Representing Place in British Literature and Culture, 1660-1830:

     Popular antiquarian writings […] frequently focused on the regional vulgars' superstitious beliefs regarding the dead and their ongoing presence—such as popular funeral rites or the vulgars' fear of church yards.

2. (collective) The common people.
3. The language of a people, especially the commoners.

   Synonyms: vulgate, vernacular

   • 1623, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies; Published according to the True Originall Copies, London, act 5, scene 1, page 204, Internet Shakespeare Editions:

     Therefore you Clowne, abandon: which is in the vulgar, leaue the societie: which in the boorish, is companie, of this female: which in the common, is woman: which together, is, abandon the society of this Female,  […]

     (Or in a modern form: Therefore, you clown, abandon—which is in the vulgar, “leave”—the society—which in the boorish is “company”—of this female—which in the common is “woman”—which together is: abandon the society of this female, […])