violoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu̯i.o.loː/, [ˈu̯iɔɫ̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈvi.o.lo/, [ˈviːolo]

動詞

violō (present infinitive violāre, perfect active violāvī, supine violātum); first conjugation

1. to treat with violence; to maltreat
   • CIL 11.04766:

     Honce loucom / nequs violatod / neque exvehito neque / exferto quod louci / siet neque cedito / nesei quo die res deina / anua fiat eod die / quod rei dinai causa / [f]iat sine dolo cedre / [l]icetod seiquis // violasit Iove bovid / piaclum datod / seiquis scies / violasit dolo malo / Iovei bovid piaclum / datod et a(sses) CCC / moltai suntod / eius piacli / moltaique dicator[e] / exactio est[od]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. to violate, defile, profane, rape

   Synonyms: rumpō, irrumpō, frangō, īnfringō

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.167:

     post illud nec avēs cūnās violāsse feruntur

     Nor after that were they suffering the birds to have violated cradles
     (A goddess intervenes after a baby is attacked by striges and her divine prayers impart lasting protection.)

Conjugation

At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
Old Latin.
At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

派生語

• violātor
• violentus

派生した語

参照

• “violo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “violo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• violo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to break one's word: fidem laedere, violare, frangere
    
  • to break one's oath: iusiurandum violare
    
  • to profane sacred rites: sacra polluere et violare
    
  • to break a truce: indutias violare
    
  • to violate the law of nations: ius gentium violare
    
  • to violate a treaty, terms of alliance: foedus frangere, rumpere, violare