bunionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from 中期英語 bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈbʌnjən/
• 韻: -ʌnjən
• Homophone: Bunyan

名詞

bunion (plural bunions)

1. (pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.
2. (colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint.

派生語

Further reading

• bunion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈbuː.ni.ɔn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈbuː.ni.on]

名詞

būnion n (genitive būniī); second declension

1. a type of turnip, perhaps earthnut, Bunium ferulaceum
   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 20.11:

     Nāpōrum duās differentiās et in medicīnā Graecī servant. Angulōsīs foliōrum caulibus, flōre anētī, quod būnion vocant, pūrgātiōnibus fēminārum et vēsīcae et ūrīnae ūtile dēcoctum, pōtum ex aquā mulsā vel sūcī drachmā; sēmen dysintericīs tostum trītumque in aquae calidae cyathīs quattuor. sed ūrīnam inhibet, sī nōn līnī sēmen ūna bibātur.

     The Greeks also preserve two distinct types of turnip in medicine. With angular leafstalks and a flower like that of dill, the one they call the “bunion” is useful boiled, drunk in mead or in a drachma of juice for women's purgings and for the bladder and for the urine; the seed, toasted and ground, in four ladlesful of warm water, (is useful) for people with dysentery. It prevents urination, however, if one (drachma) of linseed is not drunk.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type).

関連する語

• būnias
• būnītus

派生した語

• Translingual: Bunium

参照

• “būnĭon”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “būnĭŏn”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 231/3.
• “būnion” on page 245/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)