easeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 ese, eise, aise, from Anglo-Norman ese (“ease”), from Old French eise, aise (“elbow room; opportunity”), of uncertain and obscure origin. Apparently related to Provençal ais, Italian agio and asio, Sicilian aciu and Portuguese azo. Sometimes ascribed to Vulgar Latin *āsia or *āsium, possibly from Latin ānsa (“handle, haft”) or Frankish *ansiju (“handle, loophole, eyelet; cup-handle; arms akimbo, elbow room”), but more often derived from Vulgar Latin *adjace(m), from Latin adjacēns (“adjacent, neighbouring”), present participle of adjaceō (“lie next to, border on”), though the forms and senses are difficult to trace clearly.

Alternatively, possibly from a non-Latin source such as Germanic or Celtic on the basis of the conflicting forms which appear in various Romance languages. Compare 古期英語 īeþe (“easy”), Gothic 𐌰𐌶𐌴𐍄𐌹 (azēti, “ease; pleasure”), *𐌰𐌶𐌴𐍄𐍃 (*azēts, “easy”), Breton eaz, ez (“easy”), Irish adhais (“easy; leisure”). See also eath.

The verb is from 中期英語 esen, ultimately of the same origin.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /iːz/
• (米国発音) enPR: ēz, IPA: /iz/
• 韻: -iːz
• 異形同音異義語: ees, E's, 'e's

名詞

ease (uncountable)

1. Lack of difficulty; the ability to do something easily.

   Synonyms: easiness, facility

   Antonym: difficulty

   He played the ukelele with ease.

   The ease of lifting the weight, despite lack of skill, came from her pure strength.

   Her young boy lifted a weight with ease too, as that one wasn't too heavy

   The ease with which she passed all the exams surprised her.

2. Comfort, a state or quality lacking unpleasantness, particularly:

   Synonyms: comfort, peace

   1. Freedom from pain, hardship, and annoyance, sometimes (derogatory, archaic) idleness, sloth.

      Synonyms: indolency, inexertion

      She enjoyed the ease of living in a house where the servants did all the work.

   2. Freedom from worry and concern; peace; sometimes (derogatory, archaic) indifference.

      Synonym: peace of mind

      The pension set her mind at ease.

      • 1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 16:

        There is ease in the soul of Slid and there be calms upon the sea; also, there be storms upon the sea and troubles in the soul of Slid, for the gods have many moods.

   3. Freedom from effort; leisure, rest.

      Synonyms: free time, leisure, relaxation, rest

      We took our ease on the patio.

   4. Freedom from financial effort or worry; affluence.

      Synonyms: fortune, plenty; see also Thesaurus:wealth

      His inheritance catapulted him into a life of ease.

   5. Freedom from embarrassment or awkwardness; grace.

      Synonyms: aplomb, composure, poise, sangfroid

      She dealt with the faculty with combined authority and ease.

3. Relief, an end to discomfort, particularly:
   1. Followed by of or from: release from or reduction of pain, hardship, or annoyance.

      Synonyms: liss, solace; see also Thesaurus:consolation

      Take one pill every 12 hours to provide ease from pain.

   2. (euphemistic, obsolete) Release from intestinal discomfort: defecation.

      Synonyms: call of nature, easement; see also Thesaurus:defecation

   3. Release from constraint, obligation, or a constrained position.

      At ease, soldier!

   4. (clothing) Additional space provided to allow greater movement.

      Add some ease to the waist measurement.

4. (obsolete) A convenience; a luxury.

   Synonym: amenity

5. (obsolete) A relief; an easement.

   Synonyms: alleviation, mitigation

派生語

関連する語

• disease
• easy, easiness

動詞

ease (third-person singular simple present eases, present participle easing, simple past and past participle eased)

1. (transitive) To free (something) from pain, worry, agitation, etc.

   He eased his conscience by confessing.

   • 1576, George Whetstone, “The Ortchard of Repentance: […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 291:

     And ſure, although it was invented to eaſe his mynde of griefe, there be a number of caveats therein to forewarne other young gentlemen to foreſtand with good government their folowing yl fortunes; […]

   • 2012 December 26, John Branch, “Snow Fall: The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 November 2013:

     Elyse Saugstad, a professional skier, wore a backpack equipped with an air bag, a relatively new and expensive part of the arsenal that backcountry users increasingly carry to ease their minds and increase survival odds in case of an avalanche.

2. (transitive) To alleviate, assuage or lessen (pain).

   He loosened his shoe to ease the pain.

   His words of comfort eased his friend's pain and distress.

3. (transitive) To give respite to (someone).

   The provision of extra staff eased their workload.

   • 1961 October, “The winter timetables of British Railways: Southern Region”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 593–594:

     An extra rush-hour train has eased overcrowding of the former 5.39 p.m. to Salisbury; this now leaves at 5.43 and an additional electric service to Alton departs at 5.39 p.m.

4. (nautical, transitive) To loosen or slacken the tension on a line.

   We eased the boom vang, then lowered the sail.

5. (transitive) To reduce the difficulty of (something).

   We had to ease the entry requirements.

   • 1974 April 6, 'Paul', “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

     I want to thank you all for easing my coming out.

6. (transitive) To move (something) slowly and carefully.

   Antonym: maneuver

   He eased the cork from the bottle.

   • 1915 April, Enos A. Mills, “Going to the Top”, in The Rocky Mountain Wonderland, Houghton Mifflin, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 18:

     Ease down off boulders; a jump may jar or sprain.

   • 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 141:

     Giant oil-tankers can often be seen easing up and down Milford Haven, where a vast new port has been developed since the late 1950s.

7. (intransitive) To lessen in intensity.

   The pain eased overnight.

8. (intransitive) To proceed with little effort.

   The car eased onto the motorway.

   • 2025 August 20, Paul Clifton, “A driver's eye view of East West Rail”, in RAIL, number 1042, page 33:

     "There's no other traffic on this line. We are 20 minutes ahead of time, so I'm easing back," says Waddicor as he approaches the crossing of HS2.

9. (transitive, slang, archaic) To take something from (a person), especially by robbery.
   • 1865, The Dublin University Magazine, volume 66, page 158:

     Coming up to the thief they eased him of his late acquisitions, which Redmond, restoring to the right owner, bound him over to prosecute the robber at the next assizes.

   • 1876, The Shamrock, volume 14:

     So I tucked my violin under my arm, and sallied out after the old budgy ragman, determined to ease him of his load at the very first lonesome corner I could track him to.

同意語

• (free (something) from pain, worry, agitation, etc): assuage, salve
• (alleviate, assuage or lessen (pain)): allay, alleviate, assuage, lessen, reduce
• (give respite to (someone)): give someone a break (informal), lay off (informal)
• (loosen or slacken the tension on (something)): loosen, relax, slacken
• (reduce the difficulty of (something)): facilitate, simplify
• (lessen in severity): lessen, reduce
• (proceed with little effort): cruise

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• ESEA