fronsとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fɹɒnz/
• (General American) IPA: /fɹɑnz/
• 韻: -ɒnz

名詞

frons (plural frontes)

1. (anatomy) In vertebrates, especially mammals, the forehead; the part of the cranium between the orbits and the vertex.
2. (entomology) The front part of the epicranium or head capsule of many insects; generally speaking, the area below or between the antennae and above the clypeus. Typically it lies between the genal or "cheek" areas on either side of the head.
   • 1981, J. F. McAlpine, Manual of Nearctic Diptera, volume 1, →ISBN, page 14:

     In a generalized insect the frons extends from the vertex to the frontoclypeal (epistomal) suture, between the two anterior tentorial pits.

3. (entomology) (of Diptera) The postfrons.
   • 1985, D. M. Wood, “A taxonomic conspectus of the Blondeliini of North and Central America and the West Indies (Diptera: Tachinidae)”, in Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, volume 117, →DOI, page 9:

     In most blondeliines (and in most Tachinidae in general), males have a narrower frons than conspecific females […]

同意語

• forehead

派生語

参照

• “frons”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “frons”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfrõːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈfrɔns]

名詞

frōns f or m (genitive frontis); third declension

1. (literally):
   1. (anatomy) the forehead, brow, front

      Synonyms: ōs, vultus

      • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.32:

        […] sit dēnique īnscrīptum in fronte ūnīus cuiusque quid dē rē pūblicā sentiat.

        Finally, let it be inscribed on the forehead of each one what he thinks about the Republic.
        (A reference to the ancient Roman practice of branding or tattooing runaway slaves and hardened criminals; the forehead was the most visible and degrading location for this mark of shame.)

   2. the brow or countenance as an indicator of the feelings

      Synonyms: vultus, faciēs

2. (figuratively):
   1. as the mirror of a person's character or feelings
   2. (in particular) as expressing shame

      frontem perfricāre

      to assume a bold air

      (literally, “to wipe the blush of one's brow”)

      1. (transferred sense) a sense of modesty; decorum, decency
         • 34 CE – 62 CE, Persius, 5 104:

           exclāmet Melicerta perīsse frontem dē rēbus

           (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   3. (Late Latin) as expressing impudence, boldness

      Synonym: ōs

3. (transferred sense):
   1. the outward appearance, external quality, look (as distinct from inward nature)

      Synonyms: faciēs, speciēs, forma, habitus

      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.476–477:

        [...] et maestam dictīs adgressa sorōrem,
        cōnsilium voltū tegit, ac spem fronte serēnat [...].

        [...] and [as Dido] approaches her sorrowful sister to talk, by her expression she hides her plan, and even shines with serene hope in her appearance.

      prīmā fronte ― at first sight

   2. the forepart of anything; the front, facade (as opposed to back and sides)

      Antonyms: tergum, latus

      ā fronte, in fronte, in prīmā fronte, in frontem ― in front, to the fore

   3. (military) the front of an army or fleet in battle array
   4. (surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length
      1. the coastline; a projecting piece of coast
   5. the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)
      1. either of the flat ends of a papyrus scroll
   6. the exposed surface, outer side of anything

Inflection

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), and related to Proto-Germanic *breutaną (“to crush, break”).

別の表記

• frōs
• frūns, frūs

名詞

frōns f (genitive frondis); third declension

1. (literally) a leafy branch; foliage; greenery

   Synonym: folium

   Limumque tenent in fronde relictum. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovidius)

   And they hold some leftover mud in their foliage. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovid)

2. (poetic) a garland made of leaves or twigs

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “frons” on page 810 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• “frons”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “frons”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "frons", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “frons”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to frown: frontem contrahere (opp. explicare)
    
  • to beat one's brow: frontem ferire, percutere
    
  • one can see it in his face: in fronte alicuius inscriptum est
    
  • not to betray one's feelings by one's looks: sententiam fronte celare, tegere