fendとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 fenden (“defend, fight, prevent”), shortening of defenden (“defend”), from Old French deffendre (Modern French défendre), from Latin dēfendō (“to ward off”), from dē- +‎ *fendō (“hit, thrust”), from Proto-Italic *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“strike, kill”).

動詞

fend (third-person singular simple present fends, present participle fending, simple past and past participle fended)

1. (intransitive) To take care of oneself; to take responsibility for one's own well-being.
   • 1990, Messrs Howley and Murphy, quoted in U.S. House Subcommittee on Labor Standards, Oversight hearing on the Federal Service Contract Act, U.S. Government Printing Office, page 40,

     Mr. Howley. They are telling him how much they will increase the reimbursement for the total labor cost. The contractor is left to fend as he can.

     Chairman Murphy. Obviously, he can’t fend for any more than the money he has coming in.

   • 2003, Scott Turow, Reversible Errors, page 376:

     The planet was full of creatures in need, who could not really fend, and the law was at its best when it ensured that they were treated with dignity.

2. (rare, except as "fend for oneself") To defend, to take care of (typically construed with for); to block or push away (typically construed with off).
   • 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     With fern beneath to fend the bitter cold.

   • 1999, Luo Guanzhong, translated by Moss Roberts, Three Kingdoms: A Historical Novel, page 39:

     He fends, he blocks, too skillful to be downed.

   • 2002, Jude Deveraux, A Knight in Shining Armor, page 187:

     “ […] My age is lot like yours. Lone women do not fare well. If I were not there to fend for you, you—”

派生語

名詞

fend (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Self-support; taking care of one's own well-being.

語源 2

From 中期英語 fēnd, feond, from 古期英語 fēond (“adversary, foe, enemy, fiend, devil, Satan”), from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, present participle of *fijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”). More at fiend.

名詞

fend (plural fends)

1. (UK dialectal) An enemy; fiend; the Devil.

アナグラム

• Fed'n, def'n, defn

語源

From 古期英語 fēond, from Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.

発音

• IPA: /feːnd/, /fɛnd/
• IPA: /vøːnd/ (West Midlands or Southern)

名詞

fend (plural fendes)

1. An enemy, foe or fiend.
   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Matheu 4:24, page 1v, column 1, lines 18–23; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     and hıs fame .· wente in to al ſirie / ⁊ þei bꝛouȝten to hĩ alle þat weren at male eeſe · ⁊ þat weren take wiþ dyīiſe langoꝛes ⁊ turmentis / and hem þat haddẽ fendis · ⁊ lunatik men · ⁊ men in þe paleſie .· ⁊ he heelide hem /

     And his fame went into all Syria; and they brought to him all that were at mal-ease, and that were taken with diverse languors and torments, and them that had fiends, and lunatic men, and men in palsy, and he healed them.[4]

2. Satan, the Devil.
   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Matheu 4:1, page 2r, column 2, lines 3–4; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     Thanne ıḣc was lad of a ſpirit in to deſert .· to be temptid of þe fend /

     Then Jesus was led of a Spirit into desert, to be tempted of the fiend.[6]

3. A demon, devil, or evil spirit, especially one that possesses people.
4. A monster.

派生した語

• English: fiend, fend
• Scots: fient
• Yola: feand

参照

• “fẹ̄nd, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 January 2018.