relationとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 relacion, relacioun, from Anglo-Norman relacioun and Old French relacion (whence French relation), from Latin relātiō, noun of process form from perfect passive participle relātus (“related”), from verb referō (“to refer, to relate”), from prefix re- (“again”) + ferō (“to bear, to carry”). By surface analysis, relate +‎ -ion. Doublet of relazione.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ɹəˈlæ̝ɪʃ(ə)n/
• 韻: -eɪʃən
• ハイフネーション: re‧la‧tion

名詞

relation (countable and uncountable, plural relations)

1. The manner in which two things may be associated.

   The relation between diet and health is complex.

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter II, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed.

2. A member of one's extended family; a relative.

   Yes, he's a relation of mine, but only a distant one.

3. (chiefly in the plural) A relationship; the manner in which and tone with which people or states, etc. interact.

   the foreign relations of the United States

4. The act of relating a story.

   Your relation of the events is different from mine.

   • c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 62, lines 29–30, 33–35:

     I shall you make relacyon
     By way of apostrofacyon […]
     How I, Skelton laureat,
     Devysed and also wrate
     Uppon a lewde curate, […]

   • 1669, Letter from Dr. Merrett to Thomas Browne, in Simon Wilkin (ed.), Sir Thomas Browne’s Works including his Life and Correspondence, London: William Pickering, 1836, Volume I, p. 443,

     Many of the lupus piscis I have seen, and have bin informed by the king’s fishmonger they are taken on our coast, but was not satisfied for some reasons of his relation soe as to enter it into my Pinax […]

   • 1691, Arthur Gorges (translator), The Wisdom of the Ancients by Francis Bacon (1609), London, Preface,

     […] seeing they are diversly related by Writers that lived near about one and the self-same time, we may easily perceive that they were common things, derived from precedent Memorials; and that they became various, by reason of the divers Ornaments bestowed on them by particular Relations […]

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones:

     Jones […] was easily prevailed on to satisfy Mr Dowling's curiosity, by relating the history of his birth and education, which he did, like Othello. […] Mr Dowling was indeed very greatly affected with this relation; for he had not divested himself of humanity by being an attorney.

5. (set theory) A set of ordered tuples.
   • 1974, Thomas S. Szasz, M.D., chapter 7, in The Myth of Mental Illness, →ISBN, page 107:

     […] Signs are, first of all, physical things: for example, chalk marks on a blackboard, pencil or ink marks on paper, sound waves produced in a human throat. According to Reichenbach, "What makes them signs is the intermediary position they occupy between an object and a sign user, i.e., a person." For a sign to be a sign, or to function as such, it is necessary that the person take account of the object it designates. Thus, anything in nature may or may not be a sign, depending on a person's attitude toward it. A physical thing is a sign when it appears as a substitute for, or representation of, the object for which it stands with respect to the sign user. The three-place relation between sign, object, and sign user is called the sign relation or relation of denotation.

   1. (set theory) A set of ordered pairs; a binary relation.

      Equality is a symmetric relation, while divisibility is not.

6. (databases) A set of tuples, implemented as a table in a relational database.

   This relation uses the customer's social security number as a key.

7. (mathematics) A statement of equality of two products of generators, used in the presentation of a group.
8. (category theory) A subobject of a product of objects.
9. (often collocated: sexual relation, often in the plural) The act of intercourse.

   have relations with

   have sexual relations with

同意語

• (way in which two things may be associated): connection, link, relationship
• (member of one's family): relative
• (act of relating a story): recounting, telling
• (mathematics: set of ordered tuples): correspondence
• See also Thesaurus:relative

下位語

• (set theory): function

派生語

関連する語

Further reading

• “relation”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• Oriental, Tirolean, oriental, taileron, tenorial