hisとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 his, from 古期英語 his (“his; its”), from Proto-Germanic *hes (“of this”), genitive of Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this”). Cognate with Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic hans (“his”). More at he; see also its.

別の表記

• His (honorific)

発音

• (weak form)
  • IPA: /ɪ̈z/
  • (weak vowel merger) IPA: /əz/
• (strong form)
  • (英国発音, 米国発音, Canada, General Australian) IPA: /hɪz/
• • (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈhɘz/
• 韻: -ɪz

限定詞

his

1. Belonging to him. [from 8th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IIII, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 41:

     With that he put his ſpurres vnto his ſteed,
     With ſpeare in reſt, and toward him did fare,
     Like ſhaft out of a bow preuenting ſpeed.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:

     No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or otherwise his man would be there with a message to say that his master would shortly join me if I would kindly wait.

   • 2011 April 8, Xan Rice, “Ivory Coast: 100 more bodies found as ethnic tensions rise”, in The Guardian‎:

     In his first televised address since the siege in Abidjan began this week, Ouattara said he would focus on returning the country to normal to ease the plight of civilians.

2. (sometimes dated) Belonging to a person of unspecified gender.
   • 1751, David Hume, “(please specify the page)”, in An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     On the contrary, those other passions, commonly denominated selfish, both produce different sentiments in each individual, according to his particular situation […]

   • 2003, Norman L. Geisler, Winfried Corduan, Philosophy of Religion: Second Edition, page 9:

     It is our conviction that piecemeal critiques of nontheisms will not suffice. The theist must enter the arena with a positive and comprehensive case of his own.

3. (obsolete) Its; belonging to it. (Now only when implying personification.) [11th–17th c.]
   • 1530 July 18, Iohan Palſgrave, “The Introduction”, in Leſclarciſſement de la langue francoyſe […] ‎, London: Richard Pynſon, Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, page 32; reprinted as Lesclarcissement de la langue françoyse, Genève: Slatkine Reprints, 1972:

     In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation
     I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes […]

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Drunkennesse”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 200:

     My ſtomacke could not well reach ſo farre: it is very much troubled to come to an end of that which it takes for his neede.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 5:13, column 1:

     Yee are the ſalt of the earth: But if the ſalt haue loſt his ſauour, wherewith ſhall it bee ſalted?

4. (archaic) Used as a genitive marker in place of ’s after a noun, especially a masculine noun ending in -s, to express the possessive case. [from 11th c.]

   Ahab his mark

   for Ahab's mark.

   Sejanus his Fall

使用する際の注意点

• When followed by a noun, it is sometimes referred to as a possessive adjective, qualifying the following noun. It is, however, the possessive case of the personal pronoun he.
• (fourth sense) See His genitive on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

派生語

• Hislam
• his nibs, his nabs

代名詞

his (plural his)

1. That or those belonging to him; the possessive case of he, used without a following noun.

   This pen is his. These books are also his.

   The decision was his to live with.

   His is bigger than mine.

   That cough of his is really getting on my nerves. (double possessive)

2. (informal) His house or home.

   After our night out, I went back to his.

3. Alternative spelling of His.

参考

語源 2

名詞

his

1. plural of hi
   • 2009, John M. Carney, Welcome to Tranquility:

     The Hikkams pushed a table over by the booth where the Lochwoods and Meekums were sitting, exchanged his and sat down.

アナグラム

• -ish, Hsi, IHS, Ish, Shi, ish, shi

派生した語

• Middle English: his
  • English: his
  • Scots: his
  • Yola: his, hys, hays

別の表記

• hys, hise, hyse, hiss, hisse, hyss, hysse, hijs, is, ys, isse, hes, hese, hesse, es, heis, heys, hus

発音

• IPA: /his/
• (mainly when unstressed) IPA: /iz/

限定詞

his (nominative masculine pronoun he, nominative neuter pronoun hit)

1. Third-person singular masculine possessive determiner: his, of him.
2. Third-person singular neuter possessive determiner: its, of it.
3. Used in place of the possessive suffix -es to denote possession by an antecedent noun.
   • 1470, Thomas Malory, Works:

     And Claudas his knyghts brake theire spearis

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

派生した語

• English: his
• Scots: his
• Yola: his, hys, hays

参考

代名詞

his (nominative he)

1. Third-person singular masculine genitive pronoun: his.

同意語

• hisen

派生した語

• English: his

参考

参照

• “his, pron.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 8 May 2018.
• “his, pron.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 9 May 2018.

語源 2

別の表記

• hys, hise, is, ys, hies, hes, es, as

発音

• IPA: /his/
• (mainly when unstressed) IPA: /iz/

代名詞

his (nominative heo)

1. Third-person singular feminine genitive determiner: her, of her.

同意語

• hire

参照

• “hir(e), pron.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 June 2018.